The combined effect of Zn and hexetidine on Streptococcus mutans OMZ 176 growth and acid production was investigated in vitro. Since the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration of zinc and hexetidine in combination was significantly, lower than when applied separately, a synergistic antimicrobial action was evident.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bates, D.G. and Navia, J.M.: Chemotherapeutic Effect of Zinc on Streptococcus mutans and Rat Dental Caries , Arch Oral Biol24:799-805, 1979.
2.
Gallagher, I.H.C. and Cutress, T.W.: The Effect of Trace Elements on the Growth and Fermentation by Oral Streptococci and Actinomyces, Arch Oral Biol22:555-562, 1977.
3.
Waler, S.M. and Rlla, G.: Plaque Inhibiting Effect of Combinations of Chlorhexidine and the Metal Ions Zinc and Tin, Acta Odontol Scand38:213-217, 1980.
4.
Afseth, J.; Oppermann, R.V.; and Rlla, G.: The in vivo Effect of Glucose Solutions Containing Cu++ and Zn++ on the Acidogenicity of Dental Plaque, Acta Odontol Scand38 :229-233, 1980.
5.
Oppermann, R.V. and Rlla, G.: Effect of Some Polyvalent Cations on the Acidogenicity of Dental Plaque in vivo, Caries Res14:422-427, 1980.
6.
Oppermann, R.V. ; Rlla, G.; Johansen , J.R.; and Assev, S.: Thiol Groups and Reduced Acidogenicity of Dental Plaque in the Presence of Metal Ions in vivo, Scand J Dent Res88:389-396, 1980.
7.
Sprowls, J.B. and Poe, C.F.: A Study on the Germicidal and Bacteriostatic Properties of Some Commonly Used Antiseptics in Combination with Astringent Substances, J Am Pharm Assoc32:33-40, 1948.
8.
Saxer, U.P. and Muehlemann, H.R. : Plaque-inhibiting Effect of Zinc Ions and Fluoride, Hexetidine and their Combinations, Abstract 18, ORCA Congress, Erfurt, DDR, 1981 .
9.
Lionetti, F.J.: The Metabolic Effects of Bis-1,2 Betaethylhexyl 5-methyl, 5-amino Hexahydropyrimidine on the Formed Elements of Human Blood, Abstract 5, Symposium on Hexetidine, Northwestern University, Chicago, 1958.
10.
Muehlemann, H.R. and Saxer, U.P.: Plaque Inhibition by Rinsing Solutions Containing Aminofluoride, Hexetidine and Zinc Ions, Abstract 17 , ORCA Congress, Erfurt, DDR , 1981.
11.
Skjoerland, K.; Gjermo, P.; and Rlla, G.: Effect of Some Polyvalent Cations on Plaque Formation in vivo, Scand J Dent Res86:103-107, 1978.
12.
Guggenheim, B.: Streptococci of Dental Plaques, Caries Res2:147-163, 1968.
13.
Terleckyj, B.; Willet, N.P.; and Shockman , G.D.: Growth of Several Cariogenic Strains of Oral Streptococci in a Chemically-defined Medium , Infect Immun11:649-655, 1975.
14.
Elion, G.B. ; Singer, S.; and Hitchings, G.M.: Synergism in Combinations of Biochemically Related Antimetabolites, J Biol Chem208:477-488, 1954.
15.
Keyes, P.H. : Research in Dental Caries, JADA76 :1357-1373, 1968.
16.
Moermann, J.E. and Muehlemann, H.R. : Synergistic in vitro Inhibition of S. mutans by Zn and Hexetidine, Abstract 33, IADR Congress , Groningen, The Netherlands, 1981.
17.
Cook, W.S.; Penter, S.; and Rosen, S.: Effect of Trace Elements on Acid and Plaque Formation, IADR Progr & Abst54:No. 117, 1975.
18.
Linzenmeier, G.: Ueber die Wirksamkeit von Hexetidin in vitro , Arzneimittel-Forschung19:164-167, 1969.
19.
Bergenholtz, A. and Haenstroem, L.: The Plaque-inhibiting Effect of Hexetidine (Oraldene®) Mouthwash Compared to that of Chlorhexidine, Community Dent Oral Epidemiol2:70-74, 1974.
20.
Albert, A.: Selective Toxicity, 4th ed., In: Grundlagen der Molekularen Pharmakologie, Korolkovas, A., Ed., London: Methuen, 1968, p. 85; Thieme:Stuttgart, 1974 .
21.
Harrison, P.M. and Hoare: Metals in Biochemistry, London, New York: Chapman and Hall, 1980 , p. 22.
22.
Anraku, Y.; Goto, F.; and Kin, E.: Transport of Sugars and Amino Acids in Bacteria. XIII. Mechanism of Selective Inhibition of the Active Transport Reactions for Proline, Leucine, and Succinate by Zinc Ions, J Biochem78:149-157, 1975.
23.
Eagon, R.G. and Asbell, M.A.: Effect of Divalent Cations on the Uptake and Oxidation of Substrates by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, J Bacteriol97:812-819, 1969.
24.
Church, B.D. : Inhibition of Metabolic Activities in Microorganism by Hexetidine, Abstract 3, Symposium on Hexetidine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 1958.