The microstructures of an Ag-Sn amalgam and an admixed high-copper amalgam have been observed during compressive creep tests. Sliding of γ1 grains has been observed. The sliding rate is much lower in the γ2-free high-copper amalgam than in the γ2-containing Ag-Sn amalgam.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Mahler, D.B. ; Van Eysden, J.; and Terkla, L.G.: Relationship of Creep to Marginal Fracture of Amalgam, IADR Progr & Abst54:No. 553, 1975.
2.
Osborne, J.W. ; Phillips, R.W.; Gale , E.N.; and Binon, P.P.: Three-year Clinical Comparison of Three Amalgam Alloy Types Emphasizing an Appraisal of the Evaluation Methods Used , JADA93:784-789, 1976.
3.
Letzel, H.; Aardening, C.J.W.W.; Fick, J.M.; and Vrijhoef, M.M.A. : Marginal Fracture of Amalgam Restorations Versus Creep, IADR Progr & Abst56:No. 245, 1977.
4.
Mahler, D.B. ; Marantz, R.L.; and Engle, J.H.: A Predictive Model for the Clinical Marginal Fracture of Amalgam, J Dent Res59:1420-1427, 1980.
5.
Osborne, J.W. and Gale, E.N.: Clinical Performance of Certain Commercial High-Copper-Content Amalgams, JADA100:867-869, 1980.
6.
Leinfelder, K.F. ; Strickland, W.D.; Sockwell , C.L.; and Eames, W.B.: Two Year Clinical Evaluations of High Copper Content Amalgams. IADR Progr & Abst58:No. 425, 1979.
7.
Osborne, J.W. ; Leinfelder, K.F.; Gale , E.N.; and Sluder, T.B.: Two Independent Evaluations of Ten Amalgam Filling and Its Surrounding Structure, Biorheology11: 191, 1974. Dental Amalgam, A Factor Determining the Loss of an Amalgam Filling and Its Surrounding Structure, Biorheology11: 191, 1974.
8.
Espevik, S. and Sorensen, S.E.: Creep of Dental Amalgam, Scand J Dent Res83:245-253, 1975.
9.
Mahler, D.B. ; Adey, J.D.; and Marantz, R.L.: Creep Versus Microstructure of γ2-Containing Amalgams, J Dent Res56:1493-1499, 1977 .
10.
Espevik, S. : Creep of Dental Amalgam and Its Phases, Scand J Dent Res85:492-495, 1977.
11.
Adler, T.A. and Winchell, P.G.: Microscopic Study of Creeped Amalgam. M.S. Thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 1975.
12.
Okabe, T.; Mitchell, R.; Butts, M.B.; and Fairhurst, C.W.: Structure, Fracture Mode, and Properties of High Copper Amalgams, IADR Progr & Abst57:No. 498, 1978.
13.
Okabe, T.; Mitchell, R.J.; Butts, M.B.; and Fairhurst, C.W.: A Study of High Copper Dental Amalgams By Scanning Electron Microscopy . In: Microstructural Science, Vol. 2, Lemay, I., Fallon, P.A., and McCall, J.L., Eds., New York: Elsevier North Holland, Inc., 1979, pp. 164-174.
14.
Okabe, T.; Mitchell, R.; Butts, M.B.; Wright, A.H.; and Fairhurst, C.W.: A Study of High Copper Amalgams. I. A Comparison of Amalgamation on High Copper Alloy Tablets, J Dent Res57:759-767, 1978.
15.
Okabe, T.; Mitchell, R.J.; Butts, M.B.; and Fairhurst, C.W.: Needle Formation During Fracture of γ2-Containing Amalgams, IADR Progr & Abst58 :No. 26, 1979.
16.
Crossman, R.W. and Ashby, M.F.: The Non-uniform Flow of Polycrystals by Grain-boundary Sliding Accommodated by Power-Law Creep, Acta Metal23:425-440, 1975.
17.
Gittus, J.: Creep, Viscoelasticity, and Creep Fracture in Solids, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1975, pp. 42-126. 19. Dickson, G.; Oglesby , P.; and Davenport, R.: The Static Creep Behavior of Dental Amalgam , J Res Natl Bur Stand C Eng Instrum72C:215-218, 1968.
18.
Greener, E.H. ; Szurgot, K.; and Lautenschlager , E.P.: Time-temperature Behavior for Creep of Dental Amalgam, J Biomed Mater Res14:161-171, 1980.
19.
Gifkins, R.C. : Grain Boundary Sliding and Its Accommodation During Creep and Superplasticity, Metal Trans7A :1225-1232, 1976.
20.
Gifkins, R.C. ; Gittins, A.; Bell , R.L.; and Langdon, T.G.: The Dependence of Grain Boundary Sliding on Shear Stress, J Mater Sci3:306-313, 1968.
21.
Mahler, D.B. ; Terkla, L.G.; Van Eysden , J.; and Reis-Bick, M.H.: Marginal Fracture vs. Mechanical Properties of Amalgam, J Dent Res49:1452-1457, 1970.
22.
Sarkar, N.K. : Creep, Corrosion, and Marginal Fracture of Dental Amalgam, J Oral Rehabil5:413-423, 1978.
23.
Osborne, J.W. ; Winchell, P.G.; and Phillips , R.W.: A Hypothetical Mechanism by Which Creep Causes Marginal Failure of Amalgam Restorations, J Indiana Dent Assoc57: 16-17, 1978.