The effect of gramicidin D, gramicidin S, and carbonylcyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone on the glycolysis of various oral streptococci was investigated. Gramicidin D was the most effective and inhibited the glycolysis of all the streptococci studied in the presence of the most common sugars found in man's diet (sucrose, lactose, glucose, and fructose). A concentration of 2.5 X 10-6 M gramicidin D was sufficient to decrease significantly the rate of glycolysis of human dental plaque in the presence of sucrose. The use of this ionophore as a caries preventive agent is discussed.
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