Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray micro-diffraction studies were conducted on single isolated osteons appearing "bright," "dark" and "intermediate" under crossed polaroids and the orientations of collagen fibers and crystallites within them determined.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Gebhardt, W.: Über functionell wichtige Anordunungsweisen der feineren und groberen Bauelemente des Wirbeltierknochens, 2. Spezieler. Teil 1. Der Bau der Havers'schen Lamellensysteme und seine funktionelle Bedeutung, Arch F Entwicklungsmech Organismen20:187-322, 1905.
2.
Weidenreich, F.: Knochenstudien. I. Teil: Über Aufbau und Entwicklung des Knochens und den Charakter des Knochengewebes, Z Anat Entwicklungsgesch69:382-466, 1923a.
3.
Weidenreich, F.: Knochenstudien. I. Teil: Über Sehnenverknocherungen und Faktoren der Knochenbildung, Z Anat Entwicklungsgesch69:558-597, 1923b.
4.
Weidenreich, F.: Das Knochengewebe. In Handbuch Der Mikroskopischen Anatomie Des Menschen, Möllendorff, W.V. (ed), Vol. 2, Berlin: Julius Springer, pp 391-520, 1930.
5.
Ruth, E.B. : Bone Studies. I. Fibrillar Structure of Adult Human Bone, Am J Anat80: 35-53, 1947.
6.
Smith, J.W.: The Arrangement of Collagen Fibers in Human Secondary Osteons, J Bone Joint Surg42B:588-605, 1960. 7. Rutishauser, E.; Huber, L.; Kellenberger, E.; Majno, G.; and Rouiller, G.: Etude de la structure de l'os au microscope electronique, Archives Des Sciences3 :175-181, 1950.
7.
Rouiller, C. ; Huber, L.; Kellenberger, E.; and Rutishauser , E.: La structure lamellaire de l'osteone, Acta Anat14:9-22, 1952.
8.
Rouiller, C.: Collagen Fibers of Connective Tissue, in The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone. BouRNE, G.H. (ed), New York: Academic Press, Chapter 5, pp 107-147, 1956.
9.
Ascenzi, A. , and Bonucci, E.: The Compressive Properties of Single Osteons , Anat Rec161:377-391, 1968.
10.
Boyde, A.: Scanning Electron Microscope Studies of Bone, in The Biochemistry and Physiology of Bone. BouRNE, G.H. (ed), 2nd edition, New York/ London: Academic Press, chapter 8, 259-310, 1972.
11.
Amprino, R. , and Engström, A.: Studies on X-ray Absorption and Diffraction of Bone Tissue, Acta AnatXV: 1-22, 1952.
12.
Finean, J.B. , and Engström, A.: The Low-Angle Scatter X-rays from Bone Tissue , Biochim Biophys Acta11:178-189, 1953.
13.
Glimcher, J.J. , and Krane, S.M.: The Organization and Structure of Bone, and the Mechanism of Calcification. In A Treatise on Collagen, Vol. II, Gould, B.S., and Ramachandran, G.N. (eds), London/ New York: Academic Press, 1968.
14.
Frasca, P.; Harper, R.A.; and Katz, J.L.: A New Method of Bone Preparation for Collagen Fiber Orientation Studies by Means of Scanning Electron Microscopy, J Dent Res55:372-375, 1976.
15.
Frasca, P.: Structure and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Human Single Osteons, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Physics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York, 1974.