Behavior modification techniques of massed negative practice and relaxation training were applied to separate groups of individuals who had been diagnosed as "bruxers" by multiple criteria. When assessed by an objective index of grinding, neither technique was found to have reduced bruxism significantly. Grinding and state of anxiety scores of bruxers were significantly higher than those of nonbruxing controls. Bruxers did not differ from nonbruxers on trait anxiety measures.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Olkinuora, M. : Bruxism, A Review of the Literature and a Discussion of Studies of Bruxism and Its Psychogenesis and Some New Psychological Hypotheses , Suom Hammaslääk, Toim65: 312-324, 1969.
2.
Meklas, J.: Bruxism: Diagnosis and Treatment, J Acad Gen Dent19: 31-36, 1971.
3.
Ayer, W.A., and Gale, E.N.: Extinction of Bruxism by Massed Practice Therapy, J Can Dent Assoc35: 492-494, 1969.
4.
Walsh, J.P.: The Psychogenesis of Bruxism, J Periodontol36: 417-421, 1965.
5.
Every, R.G.: The Significance of Extreme Mandibular Movements, Lancet2: 37-39, 1960.
6.
Frohman, B.: The Application of Psychotherapy to Dental Problems, Dent Cosmos68: 1117-1122, 1931.
7.
Thaller, J.L. : The Use of the Cornell Index to Determine the Correlation Between Bruxism and Anxiety State, J Periodontol31: 138-140, 1960.
8.
Thaller, J.L. ; Rosen, G.; and Saltzman, S.: Study of the Relationship of Frustration and Anxiety to Bruxism, J Periodontol38: 193-197, 1967.
9.
Vernallis, F.F. : Teeth-Grinding: Some Relationships to Anxiety, Hostility and Hyperactivity, J Clin Psychol11: 389-391, 1955.
10.
Boyens, P.: Value of Autosuggestion in the Therapy of Bruxism and Other Biting Habits , JADA27: 1773-1777, 1940 .
11.
Gelberd, M. : Treatment of Bruxism, J Hypnosis and Psychology in Dentistry1: 18, 1958.
12.
Chasins, A. : Methocarbamal as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Bruxism, J Dent Med14: 166-170, 1959.
13.
Solberg, W. , and Rugh, J.: The Use of BioFeedback Devices in the Treatment of Bruxism, J South Calif Dent Assoc40: 852-853, 1972.
14.
Heller, R., and Strang, H.: Controlling Bruxism Through Automated Aversive Conditioning, Behav Res Ther11: 327-329, 1973.
15.
Ayer, W.A., and Levin, M.P.: Elimination of Tooth Grinding Habits by Massed Practice Therapy, J Periodontol44: 569-571, 1973.
16.
Forgione, A. : A Simple but Effective Method Quantifying Bruxing Behavior, J Dent Res53 (Special Issue) : Abstract No. 292, 1974.
17.
Jacobson, E. : Progressive Relaxation, Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 1938.
18.
Wolfe, J.: The Practice of Behavior Therapy, New York: Pergamon Press, 1969.
19.
Lazarus, A.A. , and Abramovitz, A.: Learn to Relax: A Recorded Course in Muscular Relaxation, Trubadour Records, Johannesburg : Wolhunter, 1962.
20.
Taylor, J.: A Personality Scale of Manifest Anxiety, J Abnorm Soc Psychol48: 285-290, 1953.
21.
Zuckerman, M.: The Development of an Affect Adjective Checklist for the Measurement of Anxiety, J Consult Psychol24: 457-462, 1960.
22.
Winer, B.J.: Statistical Principles in Experimental Design, New York : McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1962, pp 132-135.
23.
Yates, A.: The Application of Learning Theory to the Treatment of Tics, J Abnorm Soc Psychol56: 175-182, 1958.
24.
Tophoff, M. : Massed Practice, Relaxation and Assertion Training in the Treatment of Gilles De La Tourette's Syndrome, J Beh Ther Exp Psychol4: 71-73, 1973.
25.
Nicassio, F.J. : The Treatment of Tics by Negative Practice , J Beh Ther Exp Psychol3: 281-287, 1972.
26.
Reding, G.R. ; Zepelin, H.; and Monroe, L.J.: Personality Study of Nocturnal Teeth-Grinders , Percept Mot Skills26: 523-531, 1968.
27.
Robinson, J. ; Reding, G.R.; and Zepelin, H.: Nocturnal Teeth-Grinding, a Reassessment for Dentistry, JADA78: 1308-1311, 1969 .
