With the proper ring substituents, tertiary aromatic amines with large substituents on the nitrogen atom can be effective accelerators in free radical polymerization. Resistance to discoloration appears to be primarily a function of the substituents on the aromatic ring of the amine, whereas the rate of polymerization is dependent on both the alkyl substituents on the ring and the groups attached to the nitrogen atom.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Caul, H.J., and Schoonover, I.C. : Color Stability of Direct Filling Resins, JADA47:448-452, 1953.
2.
Lal, J., and Green, R.: Effect of Amine Accelerators on the Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate With Benzoyl Peroxide, J Polymer Sci17:403-409, 1955.
3.
Bowen, R.L.: Dental Filling Materials Comprising Vinyl Silane Treated Fused Silica and a Binder Consisting of the Reaction Product of Bisphenol and Glycidyl[Meth-]-Acrylate , US Patent No. 3,066,112, Nov 27, 1962.
Pryor, W.A.: Free Radicals, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1966, p 317.
6.
Walling, C.: Free Radicals in Solution, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1957, p 189.
7.
Bowen, R.L., and Argentar, H.: Diminishing Discoloration in Methacrylate Accelerator Systems, JADA75:918-923, 1967.
8.
Caldwell, R.G. , and Ihrig, J.L.: The Reactivity of Phenols Toward Peroxy Radicals : I. Inhibition of the Oxidation and Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate by Phenols in the Presence of Air, J Amer Chem Soc84:2878-2886, 1962.
9.
Walling, C.: Free Radicals in Solution, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1957, pp 590-595.
10.
Suarez, C.L. ; Stanley, H.R.; and Gilmore, H.W.: Histopathologic Response of the Human Dental Pulp to Restorative Resins, JADA80:792-800, 1970.
11.
Gilmore, H.W. : Recent Consensus on the Pulpal Reaction to Restorative Materials, J Prosth Dent23:434-440, 1970.
Andrews, L.J. , and Keefer, R.M.: Molecular Complexes in Organic Chemistry , San Francisco: Holden-Day, Inc. , 1964, pp 7, 8, 13-31, 55-62.
27.
Hougen, O.A., and Watson, K.M.: Chemical Process Principles, Part 1. Material and Energy Balances, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1943, pp 167-176.
28.
Natrella, M.G. : Experimental Statistics, NBS Handbook 91, Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1963, chap 5, p 24.
29.
Hoel, P.G.: Introduction to Mathematical Statistics3rd ed, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. , 1962, pp 169-172.
