Clear, colorless glasses that absorb roentgen rays were prepared by melting together compounds yielding silica, barium oxide, boric oxide, and alumina. Barium oxide made the glasses radiopaque and gave the desired refractive index. Boric oxide lowered the melt viscosity, and alumina tended to stabilize the glasses. Some of these glasses seem to be suitable for use as the reinforcing fillers for composite dental restorative materials.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Bowen, R.L.: Development of an Adhesive Restorative Material, in Adhesive Restorative Dental Materials II, University of Virginia Workshop, Public Health Service Publication No. 1494, 1966 , pp. 225-231.
2.
Broutman, L.J., and Krock, R.H.: Modern Composite Materials, Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1967.
3.
Martin, R.L., and Stranks, D.R.: The Colour of Inorganic Materials: The Ligand Field Theory and its Implications , J Oil and Colour Chemists Association47 :141-161, 1964.
4.
Bowen, R.L.: Adhesive Bonding of Various Materials to Hard Tooth Tissues: VI. Forces Developing in Direct Filling Materials During Hardening, JADA74:439-445, 1967.
5.
Peterson, E.A., II; Phillips, R.W.; and Swartz, M.L.: A Comparison of the Physical Properties of Four Restorative Resins, JADA73:1324-1336, 1966.
6.
Kokorina, V.F.: Influence of Oxides of Alkaline-Earth Metals on the Chemical Resistance of Glass, in The Structure of Glass, Vol 2, New York: Consultants Bureau, 1960 , pp 385-387.
7.
Bascom, W.D.: Water at the Interface, in Proceedings of the 25th Anniversary Conference, New York: The Society of Plastics Industry, Inc., 1970, Section 13C, pp 1-12.
Bowen, R.L. : Effect of Particle Shape and Size Distribution in a Reinforced Polymer, JADA64:481, 1964.
15.
Chandler, H.H. ; Bowen, R.L.; Paffen-Barger , G.C.; and Mullineaux, A.L.: Clinical Investigation of a Radiopaque Composite Restorative Material, JADA81 :935-940, 1970.
16.
Biscoe, J., and Warren, B.E.: X-Ray Diffraction Study of Soda-Boric Oxide Glass, J Amer Ceram Soc21:287-293, 1938.
17.
Demkina, L.I.: Additivity of the Properties of Silicate Glasses in Relation to Their Structure , in The Structure of Glass, Vol 2, New York: Consultants Bureau, 1960, pp 40-45, 472.
18.
Galant, E.I.: Refractive Index and Coordination Transformation in Aluminoborosilicate Glasses , in The Structure of Glass, Vol 2, New York: Consultants Bureau, 1960, pp 451-453.
19.
Kozlovskaya, E.I.: Effect of Composition in the Elastic Properties of Glass, in The Structure of Glass, Vol 2, New York: Consultants Bureau, 1960 , pp 299-301.
20.
Appen, A.A., and Fu-Si, Kan : Borate and Aluminoborate Anomalies of the Properties of Silicate Glasses, in The Structure of Glass, Vol 2, New York: Consultants Bureau, 1960 , pp 445-450.
21.
Douglas, R.W. : Chemistry in Glass Technology, in Chemistry in Britain5:349-353, 1969.
22.
Eitel, W.: Silicate Science, Vol 1, New York: Academic Press, 1964, p 358.
23.
Pauling, L.: General Chemistry, San Francisco : W.H. Freeman and Co., 1953, p 235.
24.
Levin, E.M. , and Ugrinic, G.M.: The System Barium Oxide-Boric Oxide-Silica , J Res Nat Bur Stands51:37-56, 1953.
25.
Levin, E.M. , and Cleek, G.W.: Shape of Liquid Immiscibility Volume in the System Barium Oxide-Boric Oxide-Silica, J Amer Ceram Soc41:175-179, 1958.
26.
Thomas, R.H. : Phase Equilibrium in a Portion of the Ternary System BaO-Al2O3-SiO2, J Amer Ceram Soc33:35-44, 1950.
27.
Hutchins, J.R. , III, and Harrington , R.V.: Glass, Kirk-Othmer: Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 2nd ed, Vol 10, 1966, pp 539, 566.
28.
Patty, F.A. (ed): Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Vol 2, New York: Interscience Publishers, 1962, pp 998-1002.
