A series of in vitro studies was conducted to determine the effects of flour of pumice, magnesium silicate-zirconium silicate, and zirconium silicate on the deposition of calculuslike material on bovine enamel sections or human dentin-cementum sections. Flour of pumice used as a "prophylaxis type" agent did not have any effect on the deposition of calculuslike material. Zirconium silicate used as a prophylactic agent on bovine enamel reduced in vitro calculus formation by 32.0 to 38.0%. Daily rinses with a 5.0% aqueous solution of an amidopolyphosphate reduced calculus formation significantly on bovine enamel by 57.0 to 68.2% when compared with nontreated enamel sections.
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