Influence of Ammonia and of Urea Upon L. Acidophilus 4646

Bunting, R.W. , and Palmerlee, F. : The Role of Bacillus acidophilus in Dental Caries, J. A. D. A. 12: 381, 1925.

Hadley, F.P. : Quantitative Method for Estimating Bacillus acidophilus in Saliva, J. D. Res. 13: 415, 1933.

Jay, P. : Lactobacillus acidophilus and Dental Caries, Am. J. Pub. Health 28: 759, 1938.

Blayney, J.R. , Bradel, S.F. , and Hartley, G.F. : Caries Activity as Measured by Quantitative Estimation of Oral Lactobacilli, J. D. Res. 18: 260, 1939.

Kesel, R.G. : Dental Caries: Etiology, Control, and Activity Tests, J. A. D. A. 30: 25, 1943.

Becks, H. , Jensen, A.L. , and Millarr, C.B. : Rampant Dental Caries: Prevention and Prognosis, J. A. D. A. 31: 1,189, 1944.

Kesel, R.G. , O'Donnell, J.F. , Kirch, E.R. , and Wach, E.C. : The Biological Production and Therapeutic Use of Ammonia in the Oral Cavity in Relation to Dental Caries Prevention, J. A. D. A. 33: 695, 1946.

Kesel, R.G. , O'Donnell, J.F. , Kirch, E.R. , and Wach, E.C. : The Amino Acids and Their Deaminating Systems Present in Human Saliva, Am. J. Orthodont. and Oral Surg. 33: 68, 1947.

Kesel, R.G. , O'Donnell, J.F. , Kirch, E.R. , and Wach, E.C. : Ammonia Production in the Oral Cavity and the Use of Ammonium Salts for the Control of Dental Caries, Am. J. Orthodont. and Oral Surg . 33: 80, 1947.

Kesel, R.G. , O'Donnell, J.F. , Kirch, E.R. , and Wach, E.C. : The Effectiveness of Dentifrices, Mouthwashes, and Ammonia-Urea Compounds in the Control of Dental Caries, J. D. Res. 27: 244, 1948.

Kesel, R.G. , O'Donnell, J.F. , Kirch, E.R. , and Wach, E.C. : Recent Developments in the Biologic Production of Ammonia and the Use of Ammonia and Carbamide in Caries Prevention, Oral Surg., Oral Med. & Oral Path. 2: 459, 1949.

Stephan, R.M. : Two factors of Possible Importance in Relation to the Etiology and Treatment of Dental Caries and Other Dental Diseases, Science 92: 578, 1940.

Stephan, R.M. : The Effect of Urea in Counteracting the influence of Carbohydrates on the pH of Dental Plaques, J. D. Res. 22: 63, 1943.

Stephan, R.M. , and Miller, B.F. : Effectiveness of Urea and of Synthetic Detergents in Reducing Activity of Human Dental Caries, Proc. Soo. Exper. Biol. & Med. 55: 101, 1944.

Muntz, J.A. , and Miller B. F.: Factors Influencing Penetration of Synthetic Detergents and Certain Other Compounds Into Dental Plaque Material, J. D. Res. 22: 73, 1943.

West, E.S. : Physical Chemistry, New York, 1946, The MacMillan Company, p. 159.

Kesel, R.G. : Private communication, December 4, 1948.

Weiss, J.E. , and Rettger, L.F. : Lactobacillus bifidus, J. Bact. 28: 501, 1934.

Rogosa, M. : Microbiological Method for the Quantitative Determination of Small Quantities of Potassium, J. Biol. Chem. 154: 307, 1944 .

MacLeod, R.A. , and Snell, E.E. : Some Mineral Requirements of Lactic Acid Bacteria, J. Biol. Chem. 170: 351, 1947.

MacLeod, R.A. , and Snell, E.E. : The Effect of Related Ions on the Potassium Requirements of Lactic Acid Bacteria, J. Biol. Chem. 176: 39, 1948.

Weisberger, D. , and Johnson, F.G. : Nutritional Requirements for an Oral Strain of L. acidophilus, J. D. Res. 25: 35, 1946.

Landy, M. , and Dicken, D.M. : A Microbiological Assay Method for Six B Vitamins Using Lactobacillus casei and a Medium of Essentially Known Composition, J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 27: 1,086, 1942.

White, J. , Bunting, R.W. , Thomson, K. , and Jay, P. : Relation Between Dental Caries and Potassium and Sodium Contents of Saliva , J. D. Res. 16: 315, 1937.

Brown, J.B. , and Klotz, N.J. : Studies on the Chemistry of Mixed Human Saliva. II. Sodium, Potassium, and Calcium in Salivas Secreted at Widely Varying Rates, J. D. Res. 16: 19, 1937.

Pearlman, S. : Influence of Ammonia and of Urea Upon L. acidophilus 4646. II. Studies on Anaerobic Glycolysis. (To be published in J. D. Res.)

Kirchheimer, W.F. , and Douglas, H.C. : The Failure of Ammonium Ions to Inhibit the Growth of Oral Lactobacilli, J. D. Res. 29: 320, 1950.

Dodds, E.C. : Cited by Kesel et al, ref. 8, Brit, J. Exper. Path. 6: 266, 1923.

Hench, P.F. , and Aldrich, M. : Cited by Kesel et al, ref. 8, J. A. D. A. 79: 1409, 1922.

Frank, R. : Cited by Kesel et al, ref. 8, Deutsche Monatschr f. Zahnh 74: 567, 1929.