Properties of Opaque Resin Composite Containing Coated and Silanized Titanium Dioxide

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is mainly used as a pigment in opaque resin composites for application to the surface of a metal framework. The hypothesis in this paper is that particles of silica/alumina (SiO₂/Al₂O₃)-coated Ti02 treated with a silane coupling agent could bond effectively with resin monomers of opaque resin composites. Untreated TiO₂ was used as the control filler. Compressive and flexural strength specimens were prepared by the heat-curing method, because these bulk specimens could not be made by the typical photo-curing method. The treated composite had significantly higher compressive and flexural strengths than the untreated composite after 6 months' immersion in water. Scanning electron microscopy of the fractured composite surfaces showed an interface failure between TiO₂ and resin for the untreated composite and cohesive failure within the resin for the treated composite after 6 months' immersion. The light-activated opaque resin composite containing treated TiO₂ exhibited significantly higher bond strength to a noble dental alloy after 5000 thermal cycles than that containing untreated TiO₂. Thus, silanized SiO₂/Al₂O₃-coated TiO₂ appears to be clinically useful as a filler of opaque resin composites.

Keywords

opaque resin composite silica/alumina-coated titanium dioxide silane treatment mechanical properties bond strength.

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