This study compared the association of family decision making, identity formation, and self-esteem in Turkish and American late adolescents. Turkish adolescents differed from Americans in reporting more authoritarianism by their parents in managing the family. American adolescents attained the higher identity statuses (identity achievement and moratorium) than their Turkish counterparts. They were also higher in the foreclosure status than Turkish respondents. For American adolescents, controlling family experiences and conflict with parents over personal autonomy were positively related to identity diffusion. This sense of personal autonomy was negatively related to identity diffusion. For Turkish adolescents, conflict with parents over autonomy and personal decision making was positively related to moratorium. In both groups, controlling family environments and conflict with parents over issues of autonomy were associated with low self-esteem, whereas personal autonomy was related to high self-esteem. For both groups, self-esteem was positively associated with identity achievement and negatively associated with identity diffusion. For Americans self-esteem was negatively related to moratorium and foreclosure.
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