This article presents a cross-cultural study on the mediating role of implicit theories of innovativeness in the relationship between basic values and specific attitudes toward innovation. Modernized samples (399 Russians from Moscow and Novokuznetsk) and more traditional samples (194 Chechens and Ingushs from North Caucasus and 200 Tuvins from the Tuva Republic) within the Russian Federation completed the Schwartz Value Survey (SVS), measures of attitudes toward innovation, and an Adjective Check List adapted for measuring implicit theories of innovativeness in the current samples. Main findings include (a) a split in individual and social aspects of implicit theories of innovativeness, (b) different mediation of the effects of Openness to Change and Conservation values, and (c) differences in mediation models between the two samples. Implications of these findings for cross-cultural studies on innovativeness are discussed.
AlbertI.TrommsdorffG.WisnubrataL. (2009). Intergenerational transmission of values in different cultural contexts: A study in Germany and Indonesia. In GariA.MylonasK. (Eds.), Quod erat demonstrandum: From herodotus’ ethnographic journeys to cross-cultural research (pp. 221-230). Athens, Greece: Pedio.
2.
AmabileT. M. (1983). The social psychology of creativity: A componential conceptualization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 357-376.
3.
AmabileT. M. (1996). Creativity in context: Update to the social psychology of creativity. Boulder, CO: Westview.
4.
BardiA.SchwartzS. H. (2003). Values and behavior: Strength and structure of relations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1207-2020.
5.
BarronF. X.HarringtonD. M. (1981). Creativity, intelligence, and personality. Annual Review of Psychology, 32, 439-476.
6.
BerryJ. W.BennettJ. A. (2002). Cree conceptions of cognitive competence. International Journal of Psychology, 27, 1-16.
7.
BoehnkeK.HadjarA.BaierA. (2007). Parent-child value similarity: The role of zeitgeist. Journal of Marriage and Family, 69, 778-792.
8.
BrownR. T. (1989). Creativity: What are we to measure? In GloverJ. A.RonningR. R.ReynoldsC. R. (Eds.), Handbook of creativity (pp. 3-32). New York, NY: Plenum Press.
9.
ChanD. W.ChanL. (1999). Implicit theories of creativity: Teachers’ perception of student characteristics in Hong Kong. Creativity Research Journal, 12, 185-195.
10.
ChenC.KasofJ.HimselA. J.GreenbergerE.DongQ.XueG. (2002). Creativity in drawings of geometric shapes: A cross-cultural examination with the consensual assessment technique. Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 171-187.
11.
ChenF. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14, 464-504.
12.
De DreuC. K.NijstadB. A.BaasM. (2011). Creativity in individuals and groups: Basic principles with practical implications. In De CremerD.van DickR.MurnighanJ. K. (Eds.), Social psychology and organizations (pp. 279-324). New York, NY: Routledge.
13.
DollingerS. J.BurkeP. A.GumpN. W. (2007). Creativity and values. Creativity Research Journal, 19, 91-103.
14.
ErezM.NouriR. (2010). Creativity: The influence of cultural, social, and work contexts. Management and Organization Review, 6, 351-370.
15.
FiskeA. P.KitayamaS.MarkusH. R.NisbettR. E. (1998). The cultural matrix of social psychology. In GilbertD. T.FiskeS. T.LindzeyG. (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (Vol. 2). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
16.
GardnerH. (1993). Creating minds: An anatomy of creativity. New York, NY: Basic Books.
17.
GatignonH.TushmanM. L.SmithW.AndersonP. (2002). A structural approach to assessing innovation: Construct development of innovation locus, type and characteristics. Management Science, 48, 1103-1122.
18.
GoncaloJ. A.StawB. M. (2006). Individualism–collectivism and group creativity. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 100, 96-109.
19.
HarzingA. W.HofstedeG. (1996). Planned change in organizations: The influence of national culture. Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 14, 297-340.
20.
HofstedeG. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
21.
JaquishG. A.RippleR. E. (1984). A life-span developmental cross-cultural study of divergent thinking abilities. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 20, 1-11.
22.
KapurR. L.SubramanyamS.ShahA. (1997). Creativity in Indian science. Psychology and Developing Societies, 9, 161-187.
23.
KhaleefaO. H.ErdosG.AshriaI. H. (1997). Traditional education and creativity in an Afro-Arab culture: The case of Sudan. Journal of Creative Behavior, 31, 201-211.
24.
KharkhurinA.MotalleebiS. N. S. (2008). The impact of culture on the creative potential of American, Russian, and Iranian college students. Creativity Research Journal, 20, 404-411.
25.
KwanL. Y.-Y.ChiuC.-Y. (2015). Country variations in different innovation outputs: The interactive effect of institutional support and human capital. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36, 1050-1070.
26.
LebedevaN. (2001). Tsennostno-motivatsionnaya struktura lichnosti v russkoy kul’ture [Value-motivational of personality’s structure in Russian culture]. Psihologicheskiy zhurnal/Psychological Journal, 22(3), 26-36.
27.
LebedevaN. (2008). Tsennosti kul’tury, ekonomicheskie ustanovki i otnoshenie k innovatsiyam v Rossii [Values of culture, economical and innovative attitudes in Russia]. Psichologiya/Psychology, 5(2), 68-88.
28.
LebedevaN. (2009). Tsennosti i otnoshenie k innovatsiyam: Mezhkulturnie razlichiya [Values and attitudes towards innovations: Intercultural differences]. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal/Psychological Journal, 6, 81-92.
29.
LebedevaN.OsipovaK.CherkasovaL. L. (2012). Values and social capital as predictors of attitudes towards innovation. Basic Research Program Working Papers, Series: Sociology. National Research University Higher School of Economics. Retrieved from https://www.hse.ru/data/2012/06/07/1253043551/10SOC2012.pdf
30.
LebedevaN.SchmidtP. (2012). Values and attitudes towards innovation among Canadian, Chinese and Russian students. Basic Research Program Working Papers, Series: Sociology. National Research University Higher School of Economics. Retrieved from https://www.hse.ru/data/2012/03/16/1264845679/04SOC2012.pdf
31.
LebedevaN.TatarkoА. (2009). Metodika issledovaniya otnosheniya lichnosti k innovatsiyam [A scale for assessment of individuals’ attitudes towards innovations]. Almanakh sovremennoy nauki i obrazovaniya. /Almanac of Contemporary Science and Education, 23(4), 89-96.
32.
LeungK.MorrisM. (2011). Culture and creativity: A social psychological analysis. In de CremerD.van DickR.MurnighanJ. K. (Eds.), Social psychology and organizations (pp. 371-396). New York, NY: Routledge.
33.
LillardA. S. (1997). Other folks’ theories of mind and behavior. Psychological Science, 8, 268-274.
34.
MarkusH. R.KitayamaS. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253.
35.
MayerR. E. (1999). Fifty years of creativity research. In SternbergR. J. (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp. 449-460). London, England: Cambridge University Press.
36.
MorrisM. W.LeungK. (2010). Creativity east and west: Perspectives and parallels. Management and Organization Review, 6, 313-327.
37.
MorrisM. W.PengK. (1994). Culture and cause: American and Chinese attributions for social and physical events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 949-971.
38.
MumfordM. D.GustafsonS. B. (1988). Creativity syndrome: Integration, application, and innovation. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 27-43.
39.
MylopoulosM.RegehrG. (2009). How student models of expertise and innovation impact the development of adaptive expertise in medicine. Medical Education, 43, 127-132.
40.
MylopoulosM.ScardamaliaM. (2008). Doctors’ perspectives on their innovations in daily practice: Implications for knowledge building in health care. Medical Education, 42, 975-981.
41.
NelJ. A.ValchevV. H.RothmannS.van de VijverF. J. R.MeiringD.de BruinG. P. (2012). Exploring the personality structure in the 11 languages of South Africa. Journal of Personality, 80, 915-948.
42.
NisbettR. (2003). The geography of thought: How Asians and Westerners think differently …and why. New York, NY: Free Press.
43.
NisbettR.PengK.ChoiI.NorenzayanA. (2001). Culture and systems of thought: Holistic versus analytic cognition. Psychological Review, 108, 291-310.
44.
NiuW.SternbergR. J. (2002). Contemporary studies on the concept of creativity: The East and the West. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 36, 269-288.
45.
NiuW.ZhangJ. X.YangY. (2007). Deductive reasoning and creativity: A cross-cultural study. Psychological Reports, 100, 509-519.
46.
NouriR.ErezM.RockstuhlT.AngS.LeshemL.RafaeliA. (2013). Taking the bite out of culture: The impact of task structure and task type on overcoming impediments to cross-cultural team performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39, 739-763.
47.
PaletzS. B. F.PengK. (2008). Implicit theories of creativity across cultures: Novelty and appropriateness in two product domains. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39, 286-302.
48.
PengK.AmesD. R.KnowlesE. D. (2001). Culture and human inference: Perspectives from three traditions. In MatsumotoD. (Ed.), The handbook of culture and psychology (pp. 245-264). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
49.
PengK.NisbettR. E. (1999). Culture, dialectics, and reasoning about contradiction. American Psychologist, 54, 741-754.
50.
RiquelmeH. (2002). Creative imagery in the east and west. Creativity Research Journal, 14, 281-282.
51.
RudowiczE. (2003). Creativity and culture: A two way interaction. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 47, 273-290.
52.
RudowiczE.YueX. (2000). Concepts of creativity: Similarities and differences among mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwanese Chinese. Journal of Creative Behavior, 25, 311-319.
53.
RuncoM. A.JohnsonD. J. (2002). Parents’ and teachers’ implicit theories of children’s creativity: A cross-cultural perspective. Creativity Research Journal, 20, 427-438.
54.
RuncoM. A.JohnsonD. J.BearP. K. (1993). Parents’ and teachers’ implicit theories of children’s creativity. Child Study Journal, 23, 91-113.
55.
SalamanG.StoreyJ. (2005). Achieving “fit”: Managers’ theories of how to manage innovation. In SalamanG.StoreyJ.BillsberryJ. (Eds.), Strategic human resource management: Theory and practice. A reader (2nd ed., pp. 91-115). Open University, Milton Keynes: Sage.
56.
SchwartzS. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. In ZannaM. P. (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, 25, 1-26. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
57.
SchwartzS. H. (1994). Are there universal aspects in the structure and contents of human values?Journal of Social Issues, 50, 19-45.
58.
SchwartzS. H.CieciuchJ.VecchioneM.DavidovE.FischerR.BeierleinC.. . . KontyM. (2012). Refining the theory of basic individual values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103, 663-688.
59.
SchwartzS. H.MelechG.LehmannA.BurgessS.HarrisM. (2001). Extending the cross-cultural validity of the theory of basic human values with a different method of measurement. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 519-542.
60.
ShaneS. (1992). Why do some societies invent more than others?Journal of Business Venturing, 7, 29-46.
61.
ShinS. J.ZhouJ. (2003). Transformational leadership, conservation, and creativity: Evidence from Korea. Academy of Management Journal, 46, 703-714.
62.
SternbergR. J. (1985). Implicit theories of intelligence, creativity and wisdom. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 607-627.
63.
SternbergR. J. (Ed.). (1988). The nature of creativity. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
64.
StyhreA.BörjessonS. (2006, March20-22). Innovativeness and creativity in bureaucratic organizations: Evidence from the pharmaceutical and the automotive industry. Submitted to OLKC 2006 Conference at the University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
65.
WestM. A. (2004). Effective teamwork: Practical lessons from organizational research (2nd ed.). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
Wong-On-WingB.LuiG. (2013). Beyond cultural values: An implicit theory approach to cross-cultural research in accounting ethics. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 25(1), 15-36.
68.
ZhouJ.SuY. (2010). A missing piece of the puzzle: The organizational context in cultural patterns of creativity. Management and Organization Review, 6, 391-413.
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
