Moisture ingression was studied in several composite sandwich panels. No observable ingression was found in a panel with HRP core of density 0.13 g/cm3 (8.0 lb/ft3). Significant moisture ingression occurred in a panel with Korex 3.0-lb core with density 0.048 g/cm3, (3.0 lb/ft3). It was faster in the Y-axis (core ribbon) direction, per unit distance than in other directions
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
1. Fitzer, E.1985. Carbon Fibers and Their Composites. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
2.
2. Shirrell, C. D.1978. "Diffusion of Water Vapor in Graphite/Epoxy Composite,"Advanced Composite Materials—Environmental Effects, ASTM STP 658, pp. 21-42.
3.
3. Zheng, H. and R. J. Morgan. 1993. "Synergistic Thermal-Moisture Damage Mechanisms of Epoxies and Their Carbon Fiber Composites,"Journal of Composite Materials, 27(15): 1465-1478.
4.
4. Whitney, J. and C. Browning. 1978. "Some Anomalies Associated with Moisture Diffusion in Epoxy Matrix Composite Materials,"Advanced Composite Materials—Environmental Effects, ASTM STP 658, pp. 43-60.
5.
5. Loos, A. C. and G. S. Springer. 1979. "Moisture Absorption of Graphite-Epoxy Composites Immersed in Liquids and in Humid Air,"Journal of Composite Materials, 13:131-147.
6.
6. Mijovic, J. and S. A. Weinstein. 1985. "Moisture Diffusion in Graphite Epoxy Composite,"Polymer Communications, 26:237-239.
7.
7. DeIasi, R. and J. B. Whiteside. 1978. "Effect of Moisture on Epoxy Resins and Composites,"Advanced Composite Materials—Environmental Effects, J. R. Vinson (ed.), ASTM Publication STP 658, Phila., PA.
8.
8. Djumaev, A. and K. Takahashi. 1994. "Effect of Moisture Absorption on Damping Performance and Dynamic Stiffness of NY-6/CF Commingled Yarn Composite,"J. Materials Sci., 29:4736-4741.
9.
9. Gopalan, R., B. R. Somashekar and B. Dattaguru. 1989. "Environmental Effects on Fibre-Polymer Composites,"Polymer Degradation and Stability, 24:361-371.
10.
10. Shyprykevich, P. and W. Wolter. 1982. "Effects of Extreme Aircraft Storage and Flight Environments on Graphite/Epoxy," in Composites for Extreme Environments, ASTM STP 768, N. R. Adsit (ed.), ASTM, pp. 118-134.
11.
11. Rothschilds, R. J., L. B. Ilcewicz, P. Nordin and S. H. Applegate. 1988. "The Effect of Hygrothermal Histories on Matrix Cracking in Fiber Reinforced Laminates,"Journal of Eng. Mts. and Tech., 42:158-168.
12.
12. Doxee, L., W. Lee and G. Springer. 1985. "Temperature and Moisture Induced Deformations in Composite Sandwich Panels,"Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 4:326-353.
13.
13. Ilcewitcz, L. and B. Coxon. 1985. A Summary of Fundamental Concepts Supporting the D6-52951 Document Entitled, "Kevlar Composites Acceptance Criteria and Test Procedures,"Boeing Commercial Airplane Co. Report STRU-B8600-RW-C85-063, May 22.
14.
14. Hoffman, D. and R. Stoecklin. 1980. "737 Graphite Composite Flight Service Evaluation," Report for Contract NAS1-11668 by Boeing Commercial Airplane Co. to NASA Langley Research Center, Jan.
15.
15. Tarr, L. and P. Saelid. 1990. "Sources of Moisture and Stringer Drainage on Commercial Airplanes," Summary Report BMT-SR-7850, Boeing Aircraft Company, Mar. 14.
16.
16. Plunkett, J. D., R. Cohen, B. P. Kunz and J. P. Kunz. 1993. "Machine Produced Honeycomb Composites for Marine Use,"Sea Technology.34:43-50, April.
17.
17. Skelland, A. H. P.1985. Diffusional Mass Transfer, Krieger, Malabar, FL.
18.
18. Tucker, W. C. and R. Brown. 1989. "Moisture Absorption of Graphite/Polymer Composites under 2000 Feet of Seawater,"Journal of Composite Materials, 23:787-797.
19.
19. Augl, J. M.1994. "Use of Finite Element Analysis for Transient Moisture Diffusion Studies in Multilayer Composite AEM/S System Sandwich Materials," CARDIVNSWC-TR-94/019, Nov.
20.
20. Augl, J. M.1996. "Moisture Diffusion in Impact Damaged Face Sheets of Composite Sandwich Materials," NSWCCARDIV-TR-96/002, March.
21.
21. Waldsö, L.1994. "Describing Non-Fickian Water-Vapour Sorption in Wood,"Journal of Materials Science, 29:2367-2372.