Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The residual tensile strength of a cracked ARALL (ARamid-fibre-reinforced-polymer/ALuminium Laminates) sandwich with an aramid-fibre/epoxy ply in the middle and two aluminium alloy plies on the outside is studied in this paper. It is assumed that both a Dugdale strip yielding zone in the aluminium layers and a strip damage zone in the fibre composite layer are developed concurrently at the crack tip. Two important parameters have been identified and these are the maximum separation displacement δ₀ of the fibre composite damage zone and the metal deformation parameter J _c/σ_ys where J _c is the critical J-integral and σ_ys is the yielding strength of the metal. The requirement that the strength of ARALL is comparable to that of their metal counterpart can be met if δ0 is close to J _c/σ_ys

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

1. Marissen, R. and L. B. Vogelsang . 1981. "Development of a New Hybrid Material: ARALL," Int. SAMPE Meeting, Cannes, France.

2. Vogelsang, L. B. , R. Marissen and J. Schijve . 1981. "A New Fatigue Resistant Material: Aramid Reinforced Aluminium Laminate (ARALL)," 11th ICAF Symp., Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands.

3. Gunnink, J. W. , L. B. Vogelsang and J. Schijve . 1982. "Application of a New Hybrid Material (ARALL) in Aircraft Structures," ICAS-82-2.6.1, 13th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, Seattle, Washington, pp. 990-1000.

4. Vogelsang, L. B. and J. W. Gunnink . 1986. "ARALL: A Materials Challenge for the Next Generation of Aircraft," Materials and Design, 7:287-300.

5. Teply, J. L. , B. DiPaolo and R. J. Bucci . 1987. "Residual Strength of ARALL Laminate Panels," The Nations Future Materials Needs, Vol. 19, Intl. SAMPE Tech. Conf. Ser., p. 353.

6. Macheret, Y. and J. L. Teply . 1988. "Residual Strength of ARALL Laminates," Mechanics of Composite Materials, AMD, Vol. 92, ASME, p. 53.

7. Bucci, R. J. , L. N. Mueller , L. B. Vogelsang and J. W. Gunnink . 1989. "ARALL Laminates," Treatise on Materials Science and Technology, 31:295-321.

8. Bucci, R. J. and Y. Macheret . 1991. "Size Effects in Aluminum Laminate Notch Strength Determinations," AEROMAT'91, Advanced Aerospace Materials/Processes Conference & Expositions, Long Beach, CA.

9. Macheret, Y. , R. J. Bucci and M. Kulak . 1990. "Metal Plasticity and Specimen Size Effects in Evaluation of ARALL Laminates Notched Panel Residual Strength," Fracture Behaviour and Design of Materials and Structures: Proc. 8th European Conf. on Fracture, Torino, Italy.

10.

10. Macheret, Y. and R. J. Bucci . 1992. "A Crack Growth Resistance Curve Approach to Fiber/Metal Laminate Fracture Toughness Evaluation," Report No. 57-92-06, Alcoa Laboratories, Alcoa Center, Pennsylvania.

11.

11. Dugdale, D. S. 1960. "Yielding of Steel Sheets Containing Slits," J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 8:100-108.

12.

12. Christensen, R. M. 1979. "Mechanics of Composite Materials," Wiley, New York.

13.

13. Hull, D. 1981. "An Introduction to Composite Materials," Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

14.

14. Xia, Z. C. , R. R. Carr and J. W. Hutchinson . 1993. "Transverse Cracking in Fiber-Reinforced Brittle Matrix, Cross-Ply Laminates," Acta Metall. Mater., 41:2365-2376.

15.

15. Krenk, S. 1979. "On the Elastic Constants of Plane Orthotropic Elasticity," J. Composite Materials, 13:108-116.

16.

16. Erdogan, F. and B. Wu . 1993. "Interface Crack Problems in Layered Orthotropic Materials," J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 41:889-917.

17.

17. McCartney, L. N. 1989. "New Theoretical Model of Stress Transfer Between Fibre and Matrix in a Unidirectionally Fibre-Reinforced Composite," Proc. R. Soc. Lond, A425:215-244.

18.

18. Marshall, D. B. , B. N. Cox and A. G. Evans . 1985. "The Mechanics of Matrix Cracking in Brittle-Matrix Fiber Composites," Acta Metall., 33:2013-2021.

19.

19. McCartney, L. N. 1987. "Mechanics of Matrix Cracking in Brittle-Matrix Fibre Reinforced Composites," Proc. R. Soc. London, A409:329-350.

20.

20. Gao, Y. C. , Y.-W. Mai and B. Cotterell . 1988. "Fracture of Fiber-Reinforced Materials," J. Appl. Math. Phys. ZAMP, 39:550-572.

21.

21. Hutchinson, J. W. and H. M. Jensen . 1990. "Models of Fiber Debonding and Pullout in Brittle Composites with Fraction," Mech. of Mater., 9:139-163.

22.

22. Foote, R. M. L. , Y.-W. Mai and B. Cotterell . 1986. "Crack Growth Resistance Curves in Strain-Softening Materials," J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 34:593-607.

23.

23. Muskhelishvili, N. I. 1953. "Singular Integral Equations," Noordhoff, Groningen.

24.

24. Erdogan, F. , G. D. Gupta and T. S. Cook . 1973. "Numerical Solution of Singular Integral Equations," Mechanics of Fracture, Vol. 1, G. C. Sih, ed., Leyden: Noordhoff, pp. 368-425.

25.

25. Rose, L. R. F. 1987. "Crack Reinforcement by Distributed Springs," J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 35:383-405.

26.

26. Jin, Z.-H. and Y.-W. Mai . 1995. "Effects of Damage on Thermal Shock Residual Strength Behavior of Ceramics," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 78:1873-1881.

27.

27. Suo, Z. , S. Ho and X. Gong . 1993. "Notch Ductile-to-Brittle Transition due to Localized Inelastic Band,"; ASME J. Engng. Materials and Technology, 115:319-326.

Residual Strength of an ARALL Laminate Containing a Crack

Abstract

Get full access to this article

References