It is often of great importance in engineering to know precisely the properties of a material used with regard to its strength, its plasticity or its brittleness, its elasticity, and some other properties. For this purpose, material samples are tested in a tensile test by clamping the sample with a known starting cross-section in a tensile testing machine and loading it with a tensile force F. The force is then graphically displayed over the length change ΔL caused. This curve is called the force-extension diagram. In this study, a new measurement method enables for the first time, depending on the applied uniaxial stress, an insight at the atomic level into various energy dissipation processes at cement-based materials with the help of infrared spectroscopy. The samples are modified by adding SiO2 particles, which are coated by a polymer (PEG-MDI-DMPA) of different PEG molecular weights. Results show that elongating and breakage of and bonds play an essential role in the strain energy dissipation. Compared to the pure cement, the modified samples are affected more by elongating and breakage of as the admixture can effectively reduce the energy barrier of the hydrolytic reaction. The incorporating of particles into the cement matrix induces new mechanisms for energy dissipation by stretching of bending vibrations. Stretching vibration of the group indicates that part of the energy is dissipated by breakage of hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl group and PEG chains. Besides, a higher value of the ultimate fracture force following an increase in the molecular weight of PEG shows stronger bonding between particles and the cement matrix. As the chain-length of PEG is increased, less energy is absorbed through the other processes (especially at a higher level of strain). Thus, there is a balance between the whole deformation (toughness) and the strength of samples with the increase of the PEG molecular weight.
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