Bilayer graded Al/B 4 C/rice husk ash composite: Wettability behavior,thermo-mechanical,and electrical properties

Abstract

In this study, wettability behavior of B₄C substrate as well as B₄C/crystalline rice husk ash and B₄C/amorphous rice husk ash substrates with two aluminum alloys were studied. The electrical resistivity, thermal expansion coefficients, and thermal diffusivity of bilayer Al/B₄C/rice husk ash composite fabricated by one-step pressureless infiltration were measured and the obtained data were systemically analyzed using the Taguchi method and analysis of variance. Boron carbide substrates after addition of amorphous or crystalline rice husk ash display good wettability with molten aluminum alloys. The results show that, electrical resistivity of Al/B₄C/rice husk ash composites is mainly influenced by initial preform porosity, while the coefficient of thermal expansion of composites is determined by the chemical composition of infiltrated alloys. The measured values for coefficient of thermal expansion (10.5 × 10⁻⁶/℃) and electrical resistivity (0.60 × 10⁻⁵ Ω.m) of Al/B₄C/rice husk ash composites, fabricated according to analysis of variance's optimal conditions are in good agreement with those of the projected values (11.02 × 10⁻⁶/℃ and 0.65 × 10⁻⁵ Ω.m, respectively). The difference between the corresponding values obtained from verification tests and projected values, for electrical resistivity and coefficient of thermal expansion are less than 5%. Finally, as a material selection approach, the strengths and weaknesses of the composites have been graphed in the form of radar diagrams.