Allen, R. L. (1970) Black Awakening in a Capitalist America. Garden City, NY: Doubleday Anchor.
2.
Associated Press (1981) "Births to the unwed found to have risen by 50% in 10 years." New York Times (October 26): 1, B11.
3.
Associated Press (1982) "Rising poverty in '70s linked to jump in divorce." Buffalo News (September 23): A11.
4.
Bell, D. (1980) Race, Racism and American Law. Boston: Little, Brown.
5.
Blauner, R. (1972) Racial Oppression in America. New York: Harper & Row.
6.
Bonacich, E. (1976) "Advanced capitalism and Black/White relations in the United States: a split labor market interpretation."Amer. Soc. Rev.41 (February): 34-51.
7.
Carper, J. and J. Naisbitt (1980) "More prison riots likely as public mood toughens." Buffalo News (March 9): E6.
8.
Center for the Study of Social Policy (1984 ) The "Flip-Side" of Black Families Headed by Women: The Economic Status of Black Men. Washington, DC: Author.
9.
Cleage, A. B., Jr. (1968) The Black Messiah. New York: Sheed and Ward.
10.
College Entrance Examination Board (1985) Equality and Excellence. New York: College Board.
11.
Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice (1967) Task Force Report: Science and Technology . Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
12.
Cox, O. C. (1948) Caste, Class and Race. Garden City, NY: Doubleday .
13.
Cummings, J. (1983a) "Breakup of Black family imperils gains of decades." New York Times (November 20): 1, 56.
14.
Cummings, J. (1983b) "Heading a family: stories of 7 Black women." New York Times (November 21): 1, B14.
15.
Dreyfuss, J. (1984) "Why '84 should please Blacks." New York Times (December 30): E13.
16.
Farley, R. (1984) Blacks and Whites: Narrowing the Gap?Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
17.
Feagin, J. R. (1978) Racial and Ethnic Relations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
18.
Feinberg, L. (1978) "Half of Blacks born in '76 illegitimate." Buffalo Evening News (May 10): 17.
19.
Gary, L. AND L. P. Brown (1975) Crime and Its Impact on the Black Community . Washington, DC: Howard Univ. Press.
20.
Geschwender, J. (1978) Racial Stratification in America. Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown.
21.
Goodman, W. (1984) "Dr. Kenneth B. Clark: bewilderment replaces 'wishful thinking' on race." New York Times (December 27): A14.
22.
Grant, G. P. (1985) English-Speaking Justice. Notre Dame, IN: Univ. of Notre Dame Press.
23.
Handlin, O. (1957) Race and Nationality in American Life. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
24.
Haskins, W. J. (1982) "A Black responsibility." New York Times (October 4): A19.
25.
Hitchens, C. (1982) "Minority report." Nation235 (October 16): 358-359.
26.
Joe, T. and P. Yu (1984) "Black men, welfare and jobs." New York Times (May 11): A31.
27.
King, M. L., Jr. (1968) Where Do We Go From Here?Boston: Beacon .
28.
Lieber, J. (1981) "The American prison: a tinderbox." New York Times Magazine (March 26): 26-30.
29.
Madhubuti, H. R. (1978) Enemies: The Clash of Races. Chicago: Third World.
30.
Maitland, L. (1983) "Bar group study finds 'retreat' on civil rights under Reagan." New York Times (September 16): A18.
31.
Martin, J. (1978) "Andrew Young is right." Nation227 (August 5-12): 99-101.
32.
National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders ( 1968) Report of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders . New York: Bantam .
33.
Nearing, S. (1929) Black America . New York: Vanguard.
34.
New York Times (1981) "Study urges cutting populations in crowded prisons." (March 26): A17.
35.
New York Times (1983) "Reagan said to 'berate' Blacks." (January 28): B8.
36.
New York Times (1984) "Pendleton assails Black leadership." (November 21): A14.
37.
New York Times (1985) "Advertisement." (September 23): A20.
38.
Newsweek (1985) "Playing both mother and father ." (July 15): 42-43.
39.
Noble, K. B. (1984) "Plight of Black family is studied anew." New York Times (January 29): E20.
40.
Park, R. E. (1913) "Negro home life and standards of living," Annals49 (September): 137-149.
41.
Patterson, W. L. (1970) We Charge Genocide. New York: International .
42.
Pear, R. (1983) "Poverty data and families," New York Times (September 29): A17.
43.
Perlo, V. (1975) Economics of Racism U.S.ANew York: International .
44.
Pinkney, A. (1976) Red, Black, and Green. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
45.
Piven, F. and R. A. Cloward (1977) Poor People's Movements. New York: Pantheon.
46.
Rohatyn, F. G. (1985) "Catching up." New York Times (January 20): E6.
47.
Rosenbaum, R. E. (1985) "Moynihan reassessing problems of families."New York Times (April 7): 1, 15.
48.
Rothberg, D. M. (1984) "Congress battle shaping up between Reagan, Democrats." Buffalo News (November 8): A10.
49.
Ryan, W. (1971) Blaming the Victim . New York: Vintage.
50.
Sartre, J. P. (1968) On Genocide . Boston: Beacon.
51.
Sparr, P. (1985) "Re-evaluating feminist economics." Dollars and Sense, 9 (September): 12-14.
52.
Szymanski, A. J. and T. G. Goertzel (1970) Sociology: Class, Consciousness, and Contradictions. New York: D. Van Nostrand.
53.
Tabb, W. K. (1970) The Political Economy of the Black Ghetto. New York: W. W. Norton.
54.
Takaki, R. T. (1979) Iron Cages: Race and Culture in Nineteenth-Century Amenca. New York : Alfred A. Knopf.
55.
Time (1985) "Snapshot of a changing America." (September 2): 16-18.
56.
United Press International (1983) "Black teen-age job plight: lack of skill and hope." New York Times (April 19): A14.
57.
U.S. Bureau of the Census (1980) Current Population Reports, Consumer Income, Series P-60, No. 123. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office .
58.
U.S. Department of Labor (1965) The Negro Family. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
59.
Valentine, C. (1968) Culture and Poverty. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
60.
Vaughn-Cooke, D. (1985) "No recovery in the economic status in Black America." Black Scholar (September/ October): 2-13.
61.
Wagner, R. F., Jr. (1985) "Suburban shift." New York Times (January 20): E6.
62.
Watson, D. L. (1985) "Four more years in the back of the bus?" New York Times (January 9): A23.
63.
Weitzman, L. (1985) The Divorce Revolution. New York: Free Press .
64.
Willhelm, S. M. (1970) Who Needs the Negro?Cambridge, MA: Schenkman .
65.
Willhelm, S. M. (1979) "Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Black experience in America." J. of Black Studies10 (September): 3-19.
66.
Willhelm, S. M. (1983) Black in a White America. Cambridge, MA: Schenkman.
67.
Willhelm, S. M. and E. H. Powell (1964) "Who needs the Negro?" SocietyI (September-October): 3-6.
68.
Williams, J. (1985) "U.S. 'restoring' anti-bias laws, report says." Buffalo News (February 8): A7.
69.
Williams, L. (1986) "Data show Blacks slicing income gap." New York Times (February 2).
70.
Wilson, W. J. (1978) The Declining Significance of Race. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
71.
Winston, H. (1977) Class, Race, and Black Liberation. New York: International.
72.
Yett, S. (1971) The Choice: The Issue of Black Survival in America. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
73.
Young, A. M. (1983) "Recent trends in higher education and labor force activity." Monthly Labor Rev. (February): 39-41.