Amin, S. (1971) Neo-Colonialism in West Africa. New York: Monthly .
2.
Amponsem, B. (1979) "Pan-Africanism makes transition." The Guardian: The Independent Radical Newspaper (July 25): 17. (See also Parts II and III of this same article in the Guardian, August 15, 1979, p. 17, and August 22, p. 17.)
3.
Carmichael, S. (1971) Stokely Speaks: Black Power Back to Pan-Afncanism. New York: Random House.
4.
Chinweizu, (1975) The West and the Rest of Us: White Predators, Black Slaves and the African Elite. New York: Random House.
5.
Clark, J. H. [ed.] (1974) Marcus Garvey and the Vision of Africa. New York: Vintage.
6.
Davidson, B. (1966) A History of West Africa to the Nineteenth Century. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
7.
Draper, T. (1970) The Rediscovery of Black Nationalism. New York: Viking.
8.
DuBios, W.E.B. (1970) The Negro . London: Oxford Univ. Press.
9.
DuBios, W.E.B.(1965)The World and Africa: An Inquiry into the Part Which Africa Has Played in World History. New York: International .
10.
DuBios, W.E.B.(1946) Quote in H. Fuller, Journey to Africa. Chicago: Third World, 1971.
11.
DuBios, W.E.B.(1933) " Marxism and the Negro problem." Crisis (May). (Reprinted in T.Vincent [ed.] Voices of a Black Nation: Political Journalism in the Harlem Renaissance. San Francisco: Ramparts, 1973.)
12.
DuBios, W.E.B.(1919) " Africa and Africans." Crisis (February). (Reprinted in T. Vincent [ed.] Voices of a Black Nation: Political Journalism in the Harlem Renaissance. San Francisco: Ramparts, 1973.)
13.
Fanon, F. (1967a) Toward the African Revolution. New York: Grove .
14.
Fanon, F.(1967b) Black Skin, White Masks. New York: Grove.
15.
Fanon, F.(1963) The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Grove.
16.
Garvey, A. J. [ed.](1970) Garvey and Garveyism. New York: Collier-Macmillan .
17.
Garvey, M. (1967) The Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey or Africa for the Africans. London: Frank Cass.
18.
Garvey, M.(1927) " Prediction for Africa," in A. J. Garvey (ed.) Garvey and Garveyism. New York: Collier-Macmillan, 1970.
19.
Garvey, M.(1926a) " Sacrifices for Africa." Negro World (September 24). (Reprinted in T. Vincent [ed.] Voices of a Black Nation: Political Journalism in the Harlem Renaissance . San Francisco: Ramparts, 1973)
20.
Garvey, M.(1926b) " The emancipation of the race." Negro World (June 26). (Reprinted in T. Vincent [ed.] Voices of a Black Nation: Political Journalism in the Harlem Renaissance . San Francisco: Ramparts, 1973.)
21.
Garvey, M.(1924) Editorial in Negro World (February 2). Quoted in E. Brath, "An apostle of revolutioinary Pan-Africanism ." Caribbean Perspective1, 3: 25-28.
22.
E. Brath(1921a) " The African republic and white politics."Negro World (February 12). (Reprinted in T. Vincent [ed.] Voices of a Black Nation: Political Journalism in the Harlem Renaissance. San Francisco: Ramparts , 1973.)
23.
E. Brath(1921b) " What Garvey thinks of DuBois." Negro World (January 1).(Reprinted in T. Vincent [ed.] Voices of a Black Nation: Political Journalism in the Harlem Renaissance . San Francisco: Ramparts, 1973.)
24.
James, C.L.R. (1977) Nkrumah and the Ghana Revolution. Westport, CT: Lawrence Hill.
25.
James, C.L.R.(1969) History of Pan-African Revolt. Washington, DC: Drum and Spear.
26.
James, C.L.R.(1969) The Black Jacobins: Toussaint l'Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution . New York: Vintage.
27.
Lumumba, P. (1972) Lumumba Speaks: The Speeches and Writings of Patrice Lumumba, 1958-1961 (J. Van Lierde, ed.). Boston: Little, Brown.
28.
Malcolm X (1970) By Any Means Necessary. New York: Pathfinder .
29.
Malcolm X(1968) The Speeches of the Malcolm X at Harvard. New York: Morrow.
30.
Malcolm X(1965) Malcolm X Speaks. New York: Grove .
31.
Malcolm X(1964) Malcolm X: Struggle for Freedom (filmed interview of Malcolm X in Paris . New York: Grove.
32.
Markovitz, I. L. (1977) Power and Class in Africa: An Introduction to Change and Conflict in African Politics . Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall .
33.
M'Buyinga, E. (1982) Pan-Africanism or Neo-Colonialism: The Bankruptcy of the O.A.ULondon : Zed.
34.
Nkrumah, K. (1973) Revolutionary Path. New York: International.
35.
Nkrumah, K.(1970) Class Struggle in Africa. New York: International.
36.
Nkrumah, K.(1968a) " Nkrumah outlines the role of the Party overseas." Quoted in Kwame Nkrumah. London: Panaf, 1974.
37.
Nkrumah, K.(1968b) Handbook of Revolutionary Warfare: A Guide to the Armed Phase of the African Revolution. New York: International .
38.
Nkrumah, K.(1965) Neo-Colonialism: The Last Stage of Imperialism. New York : International.
39.
Nkrumah, K.(1964) Consciencism: Philosophy and Ideology for Decolonization. New York: Monthly Review.
40.
Nkrumah, K.(1963) Africa Must Unite. New York: International .
41.
Nkrumah, K.(1957) Ghana: The Autobiography of Kwame Nkrumah. New York: International.
42.
Nyerere, J. (1962) "Ujamaa—the basis of African socialism," pp. 1-12 in J. Nyerere, Ujamaa: Essays in Socialism. New York: Oxford.
43.
Padmore, G. (1972) Pan-Africanism or Communism. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
44.
Padmore, G.(1959) " A guide to Pan-African socialism," in W. H. Friedland and C. G. Roseberge (eds.) African Socialism. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press, 1964.
45.
Padmore, G.(1931) The Life and Struggle of Negro Toilers. London: Red International of Labor Unions.
46.
Panaf (1974) Kwame Nkrumah. London: Author.
47.
Progress (1974) The Fundamentals of Marxist-Leninist Philosophy.Moscow: Author.
48.
Rodney, W. (1974) How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Washington, D.C: Howard University.
49.
Stuckey, S. (1972) Ideological Origins of Black Nationalism. Boston: Beacon.
50.
Thompson, V. (1969) Africa and Unity: The Evolution of Pan-Africanism. London: Longman.
51.
Toure, S. (1980) The United States of Africa. Guinea: Imprimerie Nationale Patrice Lumumba.
52.
Toure, S.(1977) Strategy and Tactics of the Revolution. Conakry: Press Office.
53.
Toure, S.(1973) " A dialectical approach to culture," pp. 3-15 in R. Chrisman and N. Hare (eds.) Contemporary Black Thought: The Best from the Black Scholar. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
54.
Toure, S.(1962) The International Policy and Diplomatic Action of the Democratic Party of Guinea. Cairo: S.O.P.
55.
Williams, M. W. (1983) "Marcus Garvey and Kwame Nkrumah: a case of ideological assimilation, advancement and refinement." Western J. of Black Studies7 (Summer): 94-102.
56.
---(1981) "The relationship between Nkrumahism and twentieth century leftist thought in the African world." Ph.D dissertation.
