American Society of Free Persons of Color ( 1931) Proceedings of the Convention, 1930. Philadelphia: J. W. Allen.
2.
Brewer, W. M. (1928) "Henry Highland Garnet." J. of Negro History13 (January): 26-52.
3.
Cobb, W. M. (1952) "Martin Robison Delany." J. of National Medical Assn. 44 (May): 72 ff.
4.
Convention of Colored People (1832) Minutes and Proceedings of the Second Annual Convention for the Improvement of the Free People of Color in These United States. Philadelphia : Martin & Boden.
5.
Delany, M. R. (1861) Official Report of the Niger Valley Exploring Party. New York: Thomas Hamilton.
6.
--- ( 1952) The Condition, Elevation, Emigration, and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States. Philadelphia : King & Baird.
7.
Draper, T. (1970) The Rediscovery of Black Nationalism. New York: Viking.
8.
Foster, C. I. (1953) "The colonization of free Negroes, in Liberia, 1816-1835." J. of Negro History38 (January): 41-66.
9.
Fox, E. L. (1919) "The American Colonization Society, 1817-1840." Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies in Historical and Pol. Sci.37: 44-57.
10.
Hite, R. W. (1971) "The search for an alternative: the rhetoric of black separatism, 1850-1860." Ph.D. dissertation. University of Oregon.
11.
Holly, J. T. (1857) A Vindication of the Capacity of the Negro Race for Self-Government and Civilized Progress as Demonstrated by Historical Events of the Haytian Revolution. New Haven: Afric-American Printing Company.
12.
Imes, W. L. (1919) "The legal status of free Negroes and slaves in Tennessee." J. of Negro History4 (July): 260-272.
13.
Landon, F. (1936) "Agriculture among Negro refugees in Upper Canada." J. of Negro History (July) 21: 304-312.
14.
--- ( 1920) "Negro migration to Canada after the passing of the Fugitive Slave Act." J. of Negro History5 (January): 22-36.
15.
Litwack, L. F. (1961) North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free States, 1790-1860. Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.
16.
McCurdy, A. (1958) "Henry Walton Bibb." Negro History Bull.22 (October): 19-21.
17.
Malone, D. [ed.] (1932) Dictionary of American Biography. New York: Charles Scribner's.
18.
National Negro Convention (1833) Minutes and Proceedings of the Third Annual Convention for the Improvement of the Free People of Color in These United States. New York.
19.
--- ( 1831) Minutes and Proceedings of the First Annual Convention of the People of Color. Philadelphia.
20.
Nuermberger, R. K. (1942) The Free Produce Movement. Durham, N.C.: Duke Univ. Press.
21.
Osofsky, G. (1969) Puttin' On Ole Massa: The Slave Narratives of Henry Bibb, William Wells Brown, and Solomon Northrup. New York: Harper & Row.
22.
Rollin, F. A. (1868) Life and Public Services of Martin R. Delany. Boston: Lee & Shepard.
23.
Sherwood, H. N. (1917) "The formation of the American Colonization Society." J. of Negro History2 (July): 209-228.
Shiffrin, S. H. (1971) "The rhetoric of black violence in the ante bellum period: Henry Highland Garnet." J. of Black Studies2 (September): 45-56.
26.
Simmons, W. J. (1887) Men of Mark. Cleveland: Geo. M. Rewell .
27.
Staudenraus, P. J. (1961) The African Colonization Movement. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
28.
Syndor, C. S. (1929) "The free Negro in Mississippi before the war." Amer. Historical Rev . 32 (July): 756-772.
29.
Wander, P. C. (1971) "Salvation through separation: the image of the Negro in the American Colonization Society ." Q. J. of Speech62 (February): 57-67.
30.
Weisbord, R. G. (1968) "The back-to-Africa idea." History Today18 (January): 30-37.