This article compares two human service professions-social work and organization development-on a number of dimensions, including values, ethics, theories, practice skills, and client systems. Sufficient similarities (and distinct differences) emerged from this analysis to indicate the utility of social work incorporating organization development technologies into administrative social work practice and education. It is suggested that such inclusion can strengthen the capacity of social work administrators to make the organizational changes needed to adapt to the changing social conditions of the 1990s.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Ad Hoc Committee on Advocacy
. (1969). The social workers as advocate: Champion of social victims. Social Work, 14, 16-66.
2.
Anderson, J.
(1988). Foundations of social work practice. New York: Springer.
3.
Austin, D. M.
, & Hasenfeld, Y. (1985). A prefatory essay on the future administration of human services. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 21(4), 351-364.
4.
Bartlett, H. M.
(1970). The common base of social work practice. New York: National Association of Social Workers.
5.
Beckhard, R.
(1969). What is organization development? In W. L. French, C. H. Bell, & R. A. Zawacki (Eds.), Organization development: Theory, practice, and research. Plano, TX: Business Publications, Inc.
6.
Beer, M.
(1980). Organization change and development. Santa Monica, CA: Goodyear.
7.
Brager, G.
, & Holloway, S. (1978). Changing human service organizations-Politics and practice. New York: Free Press.
8.
Briar, S.
, & Miller, H. (1971). Problems and issues in social casework. New York: Columbia University Press.
9.
Brown, L. D.
, & Covey, J. G. (1989). Organizational development in social change organizations: Some implications by practice. In W. Sikeset al. (Eds.), The emerging practice of organizational development (pp. 27-39). San Diego: University Associates, Inc.; Alexandria, VA: NTL Institute.
10.
Carter, R.
(1983). The accountable agency. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
11.
Chess, W.
, & Norlin, J. M. (1988). Human behavior and the social environment. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
12.
Connaway, R. S.
, & Gentry, M. E. (1988). Social work practice. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
13.
Donovan, F.
, & Jackson, A. C. (1991). Managing human service organizations (p. 13). Sydney: Prentiss-Hall.
14.
Feinstein, K. W.
(1985). Innovative management in turbulent times: Large scale agency change. Administration in Social Work, 9(3), 35-46.
15.
Fink, A. E.
, Pfouts, J. H., & Dobelstein, A. W. (1985). The field of social work. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
16.
French, W. L.
, & Bell, C. H. (1984). Organization development: Behavioral science interventions for organization improvement (3rd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
17.
French, W. L.
, Bell, C. H., & Zawacki, R. A. (1983). Organization development: Theory, practice, and research. Plano, TX: Business Publications, Inc.
18.
Friedlander, F.
, & Brown, F. (1974). Organizational development. In W. L. French, C. H. Bell, & R. A. Zawacki (Eds.), Organization development: Theory, practice. and research. Plano, TX: Business Publications, Inc.
19.
Friedlander, F.
, & Brown, L. D. (1974). Organization development. Annual Review of Psychology, 25, 3 13-341.
20.
Gerrand, V.
(1985, August). Raising the standards without losing the battle. Plenary address delivered at the 19th Biennial Conference of AASW Melbourne, Australia.
21.
Glaser, E. M.
(1981). Ethical issues in consultation practice with organizations. Consultation, 12-16.
22.
Googins, B.
, & Godfrey, J. (1988). Occupational social work. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
23.
Gordon, W. E.
(1962). A critique of the working definition. Social Work, 3-13.
24.
Gould, G. M.
, & Smith, M. L. (Eds.). (1988). Social work in the workplace. New York: Springer.
25.
Hansen, P. G.
, & Lubin, B. (1989). Answers to questions frequently asked about organization development. In W. Sikeset al. (Eds.), The emerging practice of organization development. San Diego: University Associates, Inc.; Alexandria, VA: NTL Institute.
26.
Howe, D.
(1987). An introduction to social work theory. Worchester, GB: Billing & Sons Limited.
27.
Huse, E. F.
(1985). Organization development and change. St. Paul, MN: West.
28.
Jerril, J. M.
, & Kouzes, J. M. (1982). OD in mental health. Administration in Mental Health, 10(1).
29.
Kettner, R. M.
(1985). Initiating change in organizations and communities: A macropractice model. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
30.
Lippitt, G.
, & Lippitt, R. (1978). The consulting process in action. San Diego: University Associates, Inc.
31.
Lippitt, R.
, Watson, J., & Westley, B. (1958). The dynamics of planned change. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
32.
March, J. H.
(1981). Footnotes to organizational change. Administrative Science Quarterly, 26, 563-577.
33.
Margulies, N.
, & Raia, A. (I1972). Organization development: Values, process, and technology. New York: McGraw-Hill.
34.
Martin, P. Y.
, & O'Connor, G. G. (1989). The social environment: Open systems applications. New York: Longman.
35.
Martinko, M.
, & Tolchinsky, D. (1982). Critical issues for planned change in human service organizations: A case study. Group & Organization Studies, 7(2), 179-192.
36.
Miles, M. B.
, & Schmuck, R. A. (1976). The nature of organization development. In W. L. French, C. H. Bell, & R. A. Zawacki (Eds.), Organization development: Theory, practice, and research. Plano, TX: Business Publications, Inc.
37.
Minahan, A.
(1981). Purpose and objectives of social work revisited. Social Work, 26(1), 5-6.
38.
National Association of Social Workers
. (1987). Encyclopedia of social work. Silver Spring, MD: Author.
39.
NTL Institute for Applied Behavioral Science
. (1972). The reading book. Washington, DC: National Training Laboratories and National Education Association.
40.
Partin, J. J.
(1975). Current perspectives in organization development. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
41.
Patti, R.
(1987). Revitalizing management education in social work. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 1(1), 15-27.
42.
Pawlak, E.
(1976). Organizational tinkering. Social Work, 21, 376-380.
43.
Perlman, H.
(1976). Believing and doing: Values in social work education. Social Casework, 57.
44.
Piccard, B. J.
(1975). An introduction to social work: A primer. London: Dorsey Press.
45.
Pincus, A.
, & Minahan, A. (1973). Social work practice. In Model and method. Itasca, IL: F. E. Peacock.
46.
Polansky, N. A.
(1975). Theory construction and the scientific method. In Social work research: Methods for the helping professions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
47.
Rapp, C. A.
, & Poertner. (1987). Managing for service effectiveness in social welfare organizations. Administration in Social Work, 11(3/4).
48.
Resnick, H.
(1987). Organization development in social work. Unpublished manuscript.
49.
Resnick, H.
, & Patti, R. (1980). Change from within. New York: Temple University Press.
50.
Sherwood, J. J.
(1972). An introduction to organization development. In The 1972 annual handbook for group facilitators. San Diego: University Associates, Inc.
51.
Siporin, M.
(1975). Introduction to social work practice. New York: Macmillan.
52.
Skidmore, R. A.
, & Thackeray, M. G. (1982). Introduction to social work. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
53.
Stevenson, O.
, & Parsloe, P. (1978). Social service teams: The practitioner's view. London: Department of Health and Social Services.
54.
Tannenbaum, R.
, & Davis, S. A. (1969). Values, man, and organizations. In W. L. French, C. H. Bell, & R. A. Zawacki (Eds.), Organization development: Theory, practice, and research. Plano, TX: Business Publications, Inc.
55.
Taubman, S.
(1986). Developing productivity in mental health organizations. Administration in Mental Health, 13(4).
56.
Walker, J.
(1990). The place in social group work in organization. In New management in human services.
57.
Weissman, H. H.
(1987) Fantasy and reality of staff involvement in organizational change. Administration in Social Work, 6, 38-99.
58.
White, L. P.
, & Wooten, K. C. (1986). Professional ethics and practice in organizational development: A systematic analysis of issues, alternatives, and approaches. New York: Praeger.
59.
Wooten, K. C.
, & White, L. P. (1983). Ethical problems in the practice of organization development. Training and Development Journal, 16-23.
60.
Young, F. E.
, & Norris, J. A. (1988). Leadership charge and action planning: A case study. Public Administration Review, 48(1), 564-578.
