A nation's behavior is a product of its unique history, form of government, religion, natural resources, and so on. A nation's behavior is also shaped by its relationships with other nations-particularly win-lose relationships derived from warfare. This paper examines the shift in productivity trends that have occurred since World War II in Japan and in the United States. The authors apply theories of intergroup conflict under competitive conditions to a comparative analysis of Japan's response to defeat and America's response to victory. They also discuss implications for the future in terms of the win-lose paradigm and its pervasive effects on individual and national attitudes and behaviors.
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