The Impact of PROCESS: Self-Administered Exercises for Personal and Interpersonal Development

Abstract

This report describes the content and evaluation of a program of eight self-administered exercises for personal and interpersonal development, called PROCESS. The program was designed as an educational experience for students and others interested in gaining a better understanding of themselves and the way in which they relate to others. It is based on the laboratoty method of learning and involves a series of learning activities within a small, selfdirected group setting. The program materials obviate the necessity for a professionally trained leader.

The program was evaluated in a field experiment using a holdout control procedure. In general, the results indicated that participants in the program improved their concept of themselves, were more able to see themselves as their peers did, and reacted favorably to the total experience.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Bass, B. M. Trainer's manual to accompany a Program of Exercises for Management and Organizational Psychology. Management Research Center, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 1968.

Berzon, B. , Reisel, J. , & Davis, D. PEER: An audio-tape program for selfdirected small groups. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 1969, 9, 71-87.

Bills, R. E. , Vance, E. L. , & McLean, D. S. An index of adjustment and values. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1951, 51, 254-259.

Blake, R. R. , & Mouton, J. S. The instrumented training laboratory. In I. R. Weschler and E. H. Schein (Eds.), Issues in training. Washington, D.C.: NTL-NEA, 1962. Pp. 61-77.

Blake, R. R. , & Mouton, J. S. The managerial grid. Houston, Tex.: Gulf Publishing Co., 1964.

Crowne, D. P. , & Marlowe, D. The approval motive. New York: Wiley, 1964.

Crowne, D. P. , & Marlowe, D. The approval motive: Studies in evaluative despondence. New York: Wiley, 1967.

Kerlinger, F. , & Rokeach, M. The factorial nature of the David F. scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1966, 4, 391-399.

Leary, T. Interpersonal diagnosis of personality. New York: Ronald Press, 1957.

10.

Lorr, M. , Katz, M. M. , & Rubenstein, E. A. The prediction of length of stay in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1958, 22, 321-327.

11.

Luft, J. , & Ingham, H. The Johari Window, a graphic model of interpersonal awareness. Proceedings of the Western Training Laboratory in Group Development, U.C.L.A. Extension Office, August 1955.

12.

Massarik, F. A sensitivity training impact model: Some first (and second) thoughts on the evaluation of sensitivity training. Explorations in human relations training and research, No. 3. Washington, D.C.: NTL, 1965.

13.

Rokeach, M. Political and religious dogmatism: An alternative to the authoritarian personality. Psychological lonographs, 1956, 70 (Whole No. 425).

14.

Rokeach, M. The open and closed mind. New York: Basic Books, 1960.

15.

Shepard, H. Explorations in observant participation. In L. P. Bradford , J. R. Gibb , and K. D. Benne (Eds.), T-group theory and laboratory method. New York: Wiley, 1964. Pp. 80-136.

16.

Solomon, L. N. , Berzon, B. , & Davis, D. P. A personal growth program for selfdirected groups. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 1970, 6, 427-452.

17.

Solomon, L. N. , Berzon, B. , & Weedman, C. W. The programmed group: A new rehabilitation resource. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 1968, 18, 199-219.

18.

Weschler, I. R. , & Schein, E. H. (Eds.) Issues in training. Washington, D.C.: NTL-NEA, 1962.