Magnetism and the Anti-Copernican Polemic

Gilbert William , De magnete (London, 1600), trans. by Thompson Sylvanus P. (New York, 1958), 212. Gilbert devoted Book VI to the discussion of terrestrial magnetism.

Ibid., 210.

Ibid., 231.

On the tenacity of Gilbert's influence and the appeal of magnetical philosophy in late seventeenth-century English astronomical thought see the excellent article of Bennett J. A. , “Cosmology and the magnetical philosophy, 1640–1680”, Journal for the history of astronomy, xii (1981), 165–77.

Kepler Johannes , Gesammelte Werke, ed. by von Dyck Walther and Caspar Max (Munich, 1937–75), xvi, 86. Letter to Johann Georg Brengger of 30 November 1607.

Kepler Johannes , Astronomia nova seu Physica coelestis (Prague, 1609), c. 23, p. 176.

Ibid., 176.

Ibid., 270, 272.

Kepler Johannes , Epitome astronomiae Copernicanae (1618–21), in Gesammelte Werke, vii, 299–300.

Galilei Galileo , Dialogo sopra i due Massimi Sistemi del Mondo Tolemaico e Copernicano (Florence, 1632), trans. and ed. by Drake Stillman (2nd edn, Berkeley, 1967), 406–13.

Opere di Galileo Galilei, ed. nazionale, ed. by Favaro A. (Florence, 1890–1910 and later printings), xiv, 34. Letter of Cesare Marsili to Galileo, 10 April 1629.

Cabeo Niccolo , Philosophia magnetica (Ferrara, 1629), 73–76.

Ibid., 77.

Ibid., 66.

For Kircher's accomplishments as an astronomer see Fletcher John E. , “Astronomy in the life and correspondence of Athanasius Kircher”, Isis, lxi (1970), 52–67.

Kircher Athanasius , Magnes sive De arte magnetica (Rome, 1641; 2nd edn, Cologne, 1643), 40.

Ibid., 475.

Ibid., 478–85.

Ibid., 478–85.

Ibid., 479.

Ibid., 486.

Ibid., 486.

Ibid., 492–502.

Ibid., 491.

Ibid., 498.

Ibid., 498–9.

Ibid., 475.

Ibid., 475.

For a thorough account of the clock see Monchamp Georges , Galilée et la Belgique (Saint-Trond, 1892), 127–41.

Silvestro di Pietra-Sancta, De symbolis heroicis (Antwerp, 1634), 145–6.

Galilei , Opere, xvi, 245 et seq. Letter of Claude Nicolas Fabri de Peiresc to Galileo, 1 April 1635.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Ibid.

Galilei Galileo , A long-lost letter from Galileo to Peiresc on a magnetic clock, trans. by Drake Stillman (Burndy Library, Norwalk, Conn., 1967), 52–56. This letter was not included in the Opere and remained unpublished until recently.

Ibid., 52.

Ibid., 55.

Ibid., 55.

Kircher , Magnes, 646.

Ibid., 274–5. For a discussion of the clockworks suggested by Galileo and Kircher to account for the globe's diurnal rotation see Drake's A long-lost letter, 49–51.

Nicolas Claude Fabri de Peiresc, Lettres de Peiresc, ed. by de Larroque Tamizey Philippe (Paris, 1888–98), iii, 332. Letter of Peiresc to DuPuy, June 1635.

Ibid., iv, 354. Peiresc to Gassendi, 2 March 1633.

Ibid., iv, 354.

Ibid., iv, 399. Peiresc to Gassendi, 24 December 1633.

For the diffusion of Galilean astronomy by seventeenth-century Jesuits in China see D'Elia Pasquale , Galileo in China: Relations through the Roman College between Galileo and the Jesuit scientist-missionaries (1610–1640), translated by Suter Rufus and Sciascia Matthew (Cambridge, Mass., 1960).

Correspondance du p. Marin Mersenne, religieux minime, published and ed. by Tannery Paul Mme and de Waard Cornelis (Paris, 1933), iii, 400. Letter of Jacques Grandami to Kircher, 9 May 1640.

Grandami Jacques , Nova demonstratio immobilitatis terrae petita ex virtute magnetica (Flexiae, 1645), preface.

Ibid., 32.

Ibid., 52.

Ibid., 54–55.

Ibid., 130.

Kircher , Magnes, 310.

Zucchi Niccolo , Nova de machinis philosophia (Rome, 1649), 186.

Ibid., 202.

Ibid., 205–11.

Ibid., 212 et seq.

Schott Gaspar , Magia universalis naturae et artis (Herbipoli, 1657–59), i, Prolegomena, 23.

Ibid., iv, 252.

Ibid., iv, 255.

Ibid., iv, 260.

Ibid., iv, 260.

Ibid., iv, 260.

Power Henry , Experimental philosophy (London, 1664), Book 3, c.4, p.165.

Ibid.

von Guericke Otto , Experimenta nova, ut vocantur magdeburgica de vacuo spacio (Amsterdam, 1672), 134.

Ibid., 135.