WrightHelen, Explorer of the Universe (New York, 1966). This 480-page book was based on a meticulous reading of virtually every extant document about Hale or by him, including his private papers.
2.
Wright has also written a concise biography of Hale in the Dictionary of scientific biography, vi (1972), 26–34. The article by AdamsWalter S., “Biographical Memoir of George Ellery Hale” (Biographical memoirs, National Academy of Sciences, xxi (1940), 181–241), includes a bibliography of about 450 articles and books by Hale.
3.
Other informative but briefer biographies and obituary notices for Hale include: AbettiGiorgio, “George Ellery Hale”, Memorie della Societa Astronomica Italiana, xi (1938), 3; “George Ellery Hale”, Astrophysical journal, lxxxvii (1938); BabcockHarold D., “George Ellery Hale”, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1 (1938), 156–65; DunhamTheodoreJr, “Obituary Notice of George Ellery Hale”, Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, xcix (1939), 322–8; FoxPhilip, “George Ellery Hale”, Popular astronomy, xlvi (1938), 423–30; SearsF. H., “The Scientist Afield”, Isis, xxx (1939), 241–67; “Obituary Notices of Dr George Ellery Hale, Foreign Member of the Royal Society of London”, Nature (19 March 1938).
4.
National Academy of Science, Astronomy and astrophysics for the 1970's, i: Report of the Astronomy Survey Committee (Washington, D.C., 1972), 49–51.
5.
For many years The American Council on Education's reports have ranked Caltech's astronomy department as the first in the nation on the basis of both the quality of its graduate faculty and the effectiveness of its doctoral program: RooseKenneth D. and AndersonCharles J., A rating of graduate programs (Washington, D.C., 1970), 90–91.
6.
The selection reprinted here is from Harper's. Later, three years before his death, Hale published an article containing a more detailed account of the 200-inch telescope: HaleG. E., “The Astrophysical Observatory of the California Institute of Technology”, Astrophysical journal, lxxxii (1935), 111–39. An abridged version of it, dealing specifically with the Palomar telescope, was reprinted as the lead contribution in Shapley'sHarlowSource book in astronomy 1900–1950Cambridge, Mass., 1960), 3–12.
7.
Most of Hale's private papers and correspondence are contained in the George Ellery Hale Microfilm collection, Hale Obervatories Libráry, Pasadena, Calif. Copies of these 100 reels of microfilm are also in the collections at the Niels Bohr Library of the American Institute of Physics in New York and at the Mugar Library of Boston University.
