The Second Moon of the Earth

Bakich Michael , The Cambridge planetary handbook (Cambridge, 2000), 145–9. Ashbrook Joseph , “Other satellites of the Earth”, Sky and telescope, xiv (1955), 334. See also Schlyter Paul , “Hypothetical worlds — Earth's second moon”, Arcturus, i (2003), 2003–6, and identical in http://www.nineplanets.org/hypo.html.

Hunt Gary E. Moore Patrick , The planet Venus (London, 1982), 92–99.

Clap T. , Conjectures upon the nature and motion of meteors, which are above the atmosphere (Norwich, CT, 1781), 11. See also Burke John G. , Cosmic debris: Meteorites in history (Berkeley, 1986), 23 and 65–66, and Greene John C. , “Some aspects of American astronomy 1750–1815”, Isis, xlv (1954), 1954–58, pp. 348–9.

Farley J. , “On the nature of those meteors called shooting stars”, [Nicholson's] Journal of natural philosophy, chemistry, and the arts , xxix (1811), 285–6, p. 286. See also Farley , “On the connection between shooting stars and the large meteors”, ibid., xxxiv (1813), 1813–300.

On the history of the Toulouse observatory, see http://www.imcce.fr/fr/ephemerides/astronomie/Promenade/pages5/549.html.

Petit F. , “Sur le bolide du 21 mars 1846, et sur les conséquences qui sembleraient devoir résulter de son apparition”, Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences, xxiii (1846), 704–9.

Petit F. , “Sur le bolide du 23 juillet 1846”, Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences, xxv (1847), 259–62.

Leverrier U. , “Remarques à l'occasion de la dernière communication de M. Petit sur les bolides”, Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences, xxxii (1851), 561–6, p. 566.

E.g., Petit F. , “Résultat de quelques recherches sur le bolide du 29 octobre 1857”, Astronomische Nachrichten, l (1859), cols 59–62.

Arago F. , Astronomie populaire (4 vols, Paris, 1854–60), iv, 281.

Guillemin A. , La Lune (Paris, 1866), 192–3.

On Verne and astronomy, see Crovisier Jacques , “L'astronomie de Jules Verne”, a paper delivered to the Colloque international Jules Verne: Les machine et la science, held in Nantes in October 2005. Online as http://www.lesia.obspm.fr/∼crovisier/JV/cro05_nantes.htm.

Verne J. , Round the Moon, transl. by Mercier Lewis P. King Eleanor E. (London, 1873). Online as http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/sherwood/R-II-d.htm.

Verne J. , Hector Servadac, voyages et aventures à travers le monde solaire (Paris, 1877). The following year an English translation appeared as Hector Servadac, or the career of a comet. Later editions were published with different titles, such as Off on a comet, or Hector Servadac. The work is available online, see http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au.

Waltemath G. , Aufruf an die Herren Astronomen und Freunde der Astronomie: Ein zweiter Mond der Erde (Hamburg, 1898).

Cassini J. D. Maraldi G. F. , “Taches dans le soleil observées le 29. mars 1701”, Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences (for 1701), iii (1707), 101–3.

London Chronicle or Universal Evening Post , ix, no. 699 (16–18 June 1761). The second edition of the Encyclopédie included a lengthy article on Venus's satellite. Lalande, the author of the article, provided an account of the English observation. See de Laserre J.-A. (ed.), Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers (Berne and Lausanne, 1778–82), xxxv, 259.

Science, viii, issue of 12 August 1898, 185, section on “Scientific notes and news”.

Pickering E. C. to Hall Asaph , 10 February 1888, quoted in Owen Gingerich, “The discovery of the satellites of Mars”, Vistas in astronomy, xxii (1978), 127–32, p. 129.

Further details on the search for a lunar satellite are given in Baum Richard , The planets: Some myths and realities (Newton Abbot, 1973), 19–47. Baum states, incorrectly, that after 1888 “No further attempts were made from Harvard” to search for a lunar satellite (p. 32).

Pickering E. C. Pickering W. H. , “Photographic search for a lunar satellite”, Annals of Harvard College Observatory, xviii (1890), 77–83, p. 83.

“Studying the eclipse; how the Harvard observers viewed the Moon”, New York Times, 22 November 1891, 17–18.

Barnard E. E. , “On a photographic search for a satellite to the Moon”, Astrophysical journal, ii (1895), 347–9, p. 347. See also Baum , The planets (ref. 20), 33–34, and William Sheehan, The immortal fire within: The life and work of Edward Emerson Barnard (Cambridge, 1995), 288.

Barnard , op. cit. (ref. 23), 348.

See Baum , The planets (ref. 20), 41–47.

See T. J. J. , “Dynamical theory of the capture of satellites and of the division of nebulae under the secular action of a resisting medium”, Astronomische Nachrichten, clxxxi (1909), cols 333–50, col. 345. See also See, “The capture theory of satellites”, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, xxi (1909), 1909–73. According to the New York Times of 26 June 1909, See had proved by “rigid mathematics” that “the moon is a planet captured by the earth from space”. On See and his chequered career, see Sheehan William , “The tragic case of T. J. J. See”, Mercury, xxxi/6 (2002), 34–39.

Hoyt William G. , “W. H. Pickering's planetary predictions and the discovery of Pluto”, Isis, lxvii (1976), 551–64.

Pickering W. H. , “A meteoritic satellite”, Popular astronomy, xxxi (1923), 82–85.

Kritzinger H. H. , “Das Rätsel des zweiten Erdmondes”, Sirius, lix (1926), 184–6, which includes Spill's observation report. See also the same volume, 231–2.

Kritzinger , op. cit. (ref. 29), 184.

Hoffmeister C. , “Entdeckung eines zweiten Erdmondes?”, Die Sterne, vi (1926), 210–11.

Spill W. , “Ein dunkles Körperschen vor der Sonne?”, Sirius, lix (1926), 256.

See Bakich , Cambridge planetary handbook (ref. 1), 148–9, and Schlyter Schlyter , “Hypothetical worlds” (ref. 1), 5.

Connors Martin , “Discovery of an asteroid and quasi-satellite in an Earth-like horseshoe orbit”, Meteoritics & planetary science, xxxvii (2002), 1435–41.