The Indian Constitution divides responsibility for legislalion in varous substantive areas between the Central Government and State Governments, grouping the subjects respectively under the Central List and the State List. There is also a Concurrent List, which includes areas in which both Central and State Governments can legislate.
2.
More recently, the iudiciary has been attached to the Ministry of Law.
3.
Except for a few States where they are located under the Dept. of Home Affairs.
4.
These are groups of political terrorists.
5.
In the 12 States and 2 Union Territories mentioned above.
6.
Of 79,842 admitted to prisons, including Central District, Classes I, II and III, Taluka sub-jails and police lock-ups, 23,923 were in the Bombay and Byculla District Prisons. (A toluka is on administrative unit smaller than a district).
7.
The data in fact refer to only ten states and one Union Territory.
8.
These figures conceal the variation of averages between States.
9.
This difference may have to do with the nature of the nature of the crime; figures for murder may be very different from those for other offences.
10.
* Data applies to 10 States and I Union Territory.
11.
* Figures based on 10 States and 1 Union Territory.
12.
This item covers the cost of food, medical attention, clothing, bedding and sanitation and miscellaneous services and supplies.
13.
Data drawn from nine States and one Union territory in the years 1961-65.
14.
This item covers the costs of establishment, transportation, travelling allowances contingencies and other unusual expenses.
15.
For the period 1960-70, only three jails for women are reported.
16.
Administrative unit smaller than a district, consisting of several villages.
17.
It was reported in an unpublished survey that less than one fourth of women convicts expected their vocational training (primarily tailoring, stitch-craft and bidi-making) to be useful on release. The rest had no faith in the advantages of such training.
18.
The same survey suggested that about 90% of women convicts were ignorant of aftercare services. The rest said that they would like to have help on release to find employment, to improve their relationships with in-laws, and in finding temporary shelter if relatives refused to accept them.
19.
The percentages of sentences below three months in 1968 was reported as 38.4% for U.K. as against 50% for India (and 76% for U.K. in 1938).
20.
One way of beating this disparity is through setting up a prisoner release fund to cover fines/security costs in deserving cases. In order to operate justly, very efficient criteria will need to be developed in terms of who and what qualifies for the Fund's assistance.
21.
* Undertrials unlike convicts cannot be automatically drawn into prison work programmes.
22.
Central Bureau of Correctional Services, Department of Social Welfare, Govt. of India. July 1973. Probation and Prisons. A Statistical Analysis.
23.
Government of Maharashtra, 1968: Annual Administration Report on the Prisons in Maharashtra State, Yeravda Press, Poona, 1971.
24.
Sivaramkrishnan, K.1972: Probation in the Context of Overall Correctional and Social Defence Policy, Yeravdo Prison PressPoona.
25.
Sivoromkrishnan, K.1973: Problems in Prison Administration, p.
