Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

English

Empirical precedents indicate the positive impact of income-generating initiatives on the lives of vulnerable populations around the world. However, there is limited research on such interventions with street-working children. A social development model is proposed for street-working children and their parents as a means to curb child street migration.

French

L'expérience confirme l'impact positif des initiatives de production de revenus sur la vie des populations vulnérables dans le monde. Toutefois, il existe peu de recherche concernant de telles initiatives auprès des enfants qui travaillent dans la rue. Cette recherche propose un modèle de développement social à l'intention des enfants qui font du travail de rue et de leurs parents afin de faire fléchir la migration des enfants vers la rue.

Spanish

Precedentes empíricos indican que las iniciativas que generan ingresos tienen un impacto positivo en las vidas de poblaciones vulnerables de todo el mundo. Sin embargo se ha hecho poca investigación sobre tales intervenciones con niños que trabajan en la calle. Se propone un modelo de desarrollo social para estos niños y sus padres, al objeto de disminuir la migración de niños a la calle.

Keywords

alternative income generation child labor social development street work youth

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Basu, K. (1999) ‘Child Labor: Cause, Consequence, and Cure with Remarks on International Labor Standards’ , Journal of Economic Literature 37: 1083-1119 .

Basu, K. (2003) ‘The Economics of Child Labor’ , Scientific American (October): 84-91 .

Bosch, A. E. (1998) ‘Popular Education, Work Training, and the Path to Women’s Empowerment in Child’ , Comparative Education Review 42(2): 163-182 .

Counts, A. (1996) Give Us Credit. New York: Times Books .

Crowley, L. and M. Johnson (2004) ‘Hazardous Child Labor’, Child Labor Module Series from the University of Iowa Center for Human Rights, Child Labor Research Initiative. Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa Center for Human Rights .

Fallon, P. and Z. Tzannotos (1998) Child Labor: Issues and Direction for the World Bank. Washington, DC: World Bank .

Ferguson, K. (2002) ‘Intra-regional Assessment of the Structural Influences of the Street-Children Phenomenon in Latin America: the Case of Brazil and Mexico’ , Social Development Issues 24(2): 23-32 .

Filho, G. C. and G. Neder (2001) ‘Social and Historical Approaches Regarding Street Children in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in the Context of the Transition to Democracy’ , Childhood 8(1): 11-30 .

Grootaert, C. and H. A. Patrinos , eds (1999) The Policy Analysis of Child Labor: A Comparative Study. Washington, DC: World Bank .

10.

International Labour Organization (ILO) (1973) ‘C138 Minimum Age Convention, 1973’ (Article 2). Available online at: http://www.ilo.org (accessed 20 August 2005).

11.

ILO (1999) ‘C182 Worst Form of Child Labour Convention, 1999’ (Article 3). Available online at: http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/convdisp1.htm

12.

ILO (2002) ‘A Future without Child Labour: Global Report under the Follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work’. Geneva: ILO .

13.

ILO (2003) ‘Investing in Every Child: An Economic Study of the Costs and Benefits of Eliminating Child Labour’. ILO, International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour. Geneva: Author .

14.

Klees, S. J. , I. Rizzini and A. Dewees (2000) ‘A New Paradigm for Social Change: Social Movements and the Transformation of Policy for Street and Working Children in Brazil’, in R. A. Mickelson (ed.) Children on the Streets of the Americas: Globalization, Homelessness and Education in the United States, Brazil and Cuba, pp. 79-98. New York: Routledge .

15.

Le Roux, J. and C. S. Smith (1998) ‘Causes and Characteristics of the Street Child Phenomenon: a Global Perspective’ , Adolescence 33(131): 683-688 .

16.

Mickelson, R. A. (2000) ‘Globalization, Childhood Poverty, and Education in the Americas’, in R. A. Mickelson (ed.) Children on the Streets of the Americas: Globalization, Homelessness and Education in the United States, Brazil and Cuba, pp. 11-39. New York: Routledge .

17.

Midgley, J. (1995) Social Development. The Developmental Perspective in Social Welfare. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications .

18.

Peralta, F. (1995) ‘Status Report on Street Children in Mexico City after the 1994 Financial Crisis’, in N. Tello (ed.) Rediseñando el futuro: Retos que exigen nuevas respuestas, pp. 75-87. Mexico: D.R. Plaza and Valdes, UNAM .

19.

Rosemberg, F. (2000) ‘From Discourse to Reality: A Profile of the Lives and an Estimate of the Number of Street Children and Adolescents in Brazil’, in R. A. Mickelson (ed.) Children on the Streets of the Americas: Globalization, Homelessness and Education in the United States, Brazil and Cuba, pp. 118-135. New York: Routledge .

20.

Rostow, W. W. (1964) ‘The Stages of Economic Growth’, in D. E. Novak and R. Lekachman (eds) Development and Society: The Dynamics of Economic Change. New York: St Martins .

21.

Sachs, Jeffrey D. (2005) The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time. New York: Penguin .

22.

Sanders, C. (2004) ‘Employment Options for Low-Income Women: Microenterprise versus the Labor Market’ , Social Work Research 28(2): 83-92 .

23.

Sandoval Avila, A. (1999) Pobreza y Niños de la Calle. Guadalajara, Mexico: University of Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades.

24.

Sutherland, A. and S. Richardson (1998) ‘Micro-enterprise Credit for Street Youth. The Experiences of Street Kids International’. Available online at: http://www.streetkids.org (accessed 5 November 2004).

25.

UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (1997) State of the World’s Children. Oxford: Oxford University Press .

26.

UNICEF (2005) ‘State of the World’s Children: Childhood under Threat’. Available online at: http://www.unicef.org/publications/files/SOWC_2005_(English).pdf (accessed 4 September 2005).

27.

US Department of Labor (2000) By the Sweat and Toil for Children, Vol. VI, An Economic Consideration of Child Labor. Washington, DC: US Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs .

28.

Van Acker, J. , B. R. Oostrom and R. de Kemp (1999) ‘Street Children in Nairobi: Hakuna Matata?’ , Journal of Community Psychology 27(4): 393-404 .

29.

Veale, A. (1998) ‘Developmental and Responsive Prevention’, in Consortium for Street Children UK (ed.) Resource Pack: Prevention of Street Migration, pp. 6-18. London: Consortium for Street Children UK .

30.

Wallerstein, I. (1974) The Modern World System. New York: Academic Press .

31.

Wilson, W. J. (1987) The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass and Public Policy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press .

32.

Woolcock, M. (1998) ‘Social Capital and Economic Development: Toward a Theoretical Synthesis and Policy Framework’ , Theory and Society 27(2): 151-208 .

33.

Yunus, M. (1998) ‘Poverty Alleviation: Is Economics Any Help? Lessons from the Grameen Bank Experience’ , Journal of International Affairs 52(1): 47-65 .

34.

Yunus, M. (2003) ‘Halving Poverty by 2015’. Commonwealth lecture, delivered at the Commonwealth Institute, London on 11 March 2003. Available online at: http://www.grameen-info.org/ (accessed 5 November 2004).

Responding to children’s street work with alternative income-generation strategies

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References