Ultrasonics can be used in industrial processes to measure a number of variables. Liquid level can be determined by pulse-echo techniques. Flowrates can be measured by time-of-flight or doppler methods. The latter can also provide flow distributions. Fluid temperature and solute concentrations can be deduced from the sonic velocity. Particle and gas contents can also be monitored. Ultrasonics is essentially a non-invasive technique, and technology suitable for high temperature or corrosive conditions is available.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
MusioL JEskinaziDGreenS (1989) Acoustic pyrometry: a new boiler diagnostic tool, Power Engineering Nov. 1989, 49–52.
2.
TakedaY (1986) Velocity profile measurement by ultrasound doppler shift method, Int. J. Heat & Flow 0412–727X/86/040313–06.
3.
HaywoodBScrubyC B, Process acoustic monitoring. Pamphlet issued by AEA Technology, Harwell.
4.
WillisPFothergillJ RWaywellS (1989) Development of high temperature ultrasonic transducers for under-sodium viewing applications, Brit. J. of NDT, 31, No. 5, May, 259–264.
5.
WatkinsR DBarrettL MMcKnightJ A (1988), Ultrasonic waveguide for use in the sodium coolant of fast reactors, Nucl. Energy27, No. 2, Apr., 85–89.
