Abstract
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Clark
L C
Lyons
C
, Ann NY Acad Sci
102 , 29 –45 , 1962 .
2.
Updike
S J
Hicks
G P
, Nature
214 , 986 –988 , 1967 .
3.
Carr
P W
Bowers
L D
, Immobilised Enzymes in Analytical and Clinical Chemistry , Wiley-Interscience , New York , 1980 .
4.
Aston
W J
Turner
A P F
, in: Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews 1 , ed
Russell
G E
, Intercept , Newcastle Upon Tyne , 1984 , pp 89 –120 .
5.
Cass
A E G
Davis
G
Francis
G D
Hill
H A O
Aston
W J
Higgins
I J
Plotkin
E V
Scott
L D L
Turner
A P F
, Anal Chem
56 , 667 –671 , 1984 .
6.
Cardosi
M
Turner
A P F
, in: Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications , eds
Turner
A P F
Karube
I
Wilson
G S
, Oxford University Press , Oxford , 1986 .
7.
Nilson
H
Akerland
A C
Mosbach
K
, Biocim Biophys Acta , 320 , 529 –534 , 1973 .
8.
Hikuma
M
Kubo
T
Yasuda
T
Karube
I
Suzuki
S
, Anal Chim Acta
116 , 61 –67 , 1980 .
9.
Karube
I
Suzuki
S
, Ion-Selec Rev
6 , 15 –58 , 1984 .
10.
Kuan
S S
Guilbualt
G G
, in: Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications , eds
Turner
A P F
Karube
I
Wilson
G S
, Oxford University Press , Oxford , 1986 .
11.
Danielsson
B.
Lundstrom
I
Mosbach
K
Stiblert
L
, Anal Lett
12 , 1189 –1199 , 1979 .
12.
Caras
S D
Janata
J
, Anal Chem
52 , 1935 –1937 , 1980 .
13.
Caras
S D
Petelenz
D
Janata
J
, Anal Chem
57 , 1920 –1923 .
14.
Blackburn
G
, in: Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications , eds
Turner
A P F
Karube
I
Wilson
G S
, Oxford University Press , Oxford , 1986 .
15.
Bergveld
P
, Biosensors
2 , 1986 (in press).
16.
Lowe
C R
, Int Patent WO84/03945, 1984 .
17.
Place
J F
Sutherland
R M
Dahne
C
, Biosensors 152 , 321 –353 , 1985 .
18.
Seitz
W R
, Anal Chem
16A , 1984 .
19.
Schultz
J S
, in: Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications , eds
Turner
A P F
Karube
I
Wilson
G S
, Oxford University Press , Oxford , 1986 .
20.
Goldfinch
M J
Lowe
C R
, Anal Biochem
138 , 430 –436 , 1984 .
21.
Carter
T
Dahne
C
Place
J F
, Eur Patent 0075353, 1983 .
22.
Liedberg
B
Nylander
C
Lund-Strum
I
, Sensors and Actuators
4 , 299 –304 , 1983 .
23.
Danielsson
B
Mosbach
K
, in: Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications , eds
Turner
A P F
Karube
I
Wilson
G S
, Oxford University Press , Oxford , 1986 .
24.
Guilbaut
G G
, Anal Chem
55 , 1682 –1684 , 1983 .
25.
Roederer
J E
Bastiaans
G J
, Anal Chem
55 , 2333 –2336 , 1983 .
26.
Turner
A P F
, in: The World Biotech Report 1: Europe , Online Publications , Pinner, Middlesex , 1985 , pp 181 –192 .
27.
Clarke
D J
Calder
M R
Carr
R J G
Blake-Coleman
B C
Moody
S C
Collinge
T A
, Biosensors
1 , 213 –320 , 1985 .
28.
Rusling
J F
Luttrell
G H
Cullen
L F
Parariello
G J
, Anal Chem
48 , 1211 –1215 , 1976 .
29.
Zabriske
D W
Humphrey
A E
, Biotechnol Bioeng
20 , 1295 –1301 .
30.
Chotani
G
Constantinides
A
, Biotechnol Bioeng
24 , 2743 –2745 , 1982 .
31.
Ghoul
M
Ronat
E
Engasser
J-M
, Biotechnol Bioeng
28 , 119 –21 , 1986 .
32.
Parker
C P
Gardell
M G
Di Biasio
D
, Am Biotechnol Lab Sept/Oct, 1985 .
33.
Hikuma
M
Kubo
T
Yasuda
T
Karube
I
Suzuki
S
, Anal Chim Acta
109 , 33 –38 , 1979 .
34.
Danielsson
B
Mattiasson
B
Karlsson
R
Winquist
F
, Biotechnol Bioeng
21 , 1749 –1766 , 1979 .
35.
Mattiasson
B
Mandenius
C F
Axelsson
J P
Danielsson
B
Hagander
P
, Ann NY Acad Sci
413 , 193 –196 , 1983 .
36.
Cleland
N
Enfors
S-O
, Eur J Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
18 , 141 –147 , 1983 .
37.
Cleland
N
Enfors
S-O
, Anal Chim Acta
163 , 281 –285 , 1984 .
38.
D'Costa
E J
Higgins
I J
Turner
A P F
, Biosensors
2 , 71 –87 , 1986 .
39.
Brooks
S L
Ashby
R E
Turner
A P F
Calder
M R
Clarke
D J
, Biosensors , 1987 (in press).