Abstract
An analytical solution to the batch distillation equations for packed columns is presented.
The dynamic model thus formed has been compared with experimental results for a 4-inch packed column separating a binary mixture.
The computer time for a solution was only a few seconds, thus rendering the model useful for on line optimisation purposes.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Archer
D. H.
Rothfus
R. R.
‘The Dynamics and Control of Distillation Units and other Mass Transfer Equipment’ , Chem. Eng. Prog. Symp . Series, 1961 , 36 , 2 .
2.
Rosenbrock
H. H.
‘The Transient Behaviour of Distillation Columns and Heat Exchangers’ , Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1962 , 40 , 376 .
3.
Bogart
M. J.
‘The Design of Equipment for Fractional Batch Distillation’ , Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1937 , 33 , 139 .
4.
Edgworth-Johnstone
R.
‘Batch Rectification—Effect of Fractionation and Column Holdup’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1943 , 35 , 407 .
5.
Idem
, ‘Batch Rectification—Yields at Finite Reflux Ratios’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1944 , 36 , 1068 .
6.
Rose
A.
Welshans
L. M.
‘Sharpness of Separation in Batch Fractionation’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1940 , 32 , 668 .
7.
Rose
A.
Welshans
L. M.
Long
H. H.
‘Calculation of Maximum Sharpness of Separation When Holdup is Appreciable’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1940 , 32 , 673 .
8.
Rose
A.
‘General Equation for a Batch Fractionation Curve’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1940 , 32 , 675 .
9.
Smoker
E. H.
Rose
A.
‘Graphic Determination of Batch Distillation Curves for Binary Mixtures’ , Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1940 , 36 , 285 .
10.
Rose
A.
Williams
T. J.
Prevost
C.
‘Holdup in Batch Distillation—Critical Reflux Ratio’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1950 , 42 , 1876 .
11.
Rose
A.
O'Brien
V. J.
‘Effect of Holdup/Charge Ratio in Laboratory Ternary Batch Distillation’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1952 , 44 , 1480 .
12.
Rose
A.
Curtis-Johnson
R.
Williams
T. J.
‘Stepwise Plate to Plate Computation of Batch Distillation Curves’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1951 , 43 , 2459 .
13.
Rose
A.
Curtis-Johnson
R.
Williams
T. J.
‘Batch Fractional Distillation’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1950 , 42 , 2145 .
14.
Pigford
R. L.
Tepe
J. B.
Garrahan
C. J.
‘Effect of Column Holdup in Batch Distillation’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1951 , 43 , 2592 .
15.
Bowman
W. H.
Clark
J. D.
‘Analogue Simulation of Batch Distillation’ , Chem. Eng. Prog. , 1963 , 59 , 54 .
16.
Huckaba
C. E.
Danly
D. E.
‘Calculation Procedures for Binary Batch Rectification’ , A.I.Ch.E. Jnl. , 1960 , 6 , 335 .
17.
Jaswon
M. A.
Smith
W.
‘Countercurrent Transfer Processes in the Non-steady State’ , Proc. Roy. Soc. , 1954 , A225 , 226 .
18.
Bowman
J. R.
Briant
R. C.
‘Theory of the Performance of Packed Rectifying Columns’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1947 , 39 , 745 .
19.
Cohen
K.
‘Packed Fractionating Columns and the Concentration of Isotopes’ , J. Chem. Phys. , 1940 , 8 , 588 .
20.
Coulson
E. A.
, ‘Loss Effects and Equilibrium Times for Packed Fractionating Columns of High Efficiency’ , J. Soc. Chem. Ind. (Transactions) , 1945 , 64 , 101 .
21.
Armstrong
W. D.
Wood
R. M.
‘The Dynamic Response of a Distillation Column to Changes in the Reflux and Vapour Flow Rates’ , Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1961 , 39 , 65 .
22.
Armstrong
W. D.
Wood
R. M.
‘An Introduction to the Theoretical Evaluation of the Frequency Response of a Distillation Column to a Change in Reflux Flow Rate’ , Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1961 , 39 , 80 .
23.
Davidson
J. F.
‘The Transient Behaviour of Plate Distillation Columns’ , Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1956 , 34 , 44 .
24.
Rose
A.
Johnson
C. L.
Williams
T. J.
‘Transients and Equilibrium Time in Continuous Distillation’ , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 1956 , 48 , 1173 .
25.
Voetter
H.
‘Response of Concentrations in a Distillation Column to Disturbances in the Feed Composition in Plant and Process Dynamic Characteristics’ , 1957 , Butterworth .
26.
Wilkinson
W. L.
Armstrong
W. D.
‘An Approximate Method of Predicting Composition Response of a Fractionating Column’ , Chem. Eng. Sci. , 7 , 1 .
27.
Sater
V. E.
‘Non-Ideal Flow in Packed Bed Design’ , Ph.D. Thesis, 1963 , Illinois Institute of Technology .
28.
De Maria
F.
White
R. E.
‘Transient Response Study of Gas Flowing through Irrigated Packing’ , A.I.Ch.E. Jnl. , 1963 , 5 , 473 .
29.
de Waal
K. J. A.
van Mameren
A. C.
, ‘Pressure Drop, Liquid Holdup and Distribut on, Residence Time Distributions, and Interfacial Area between Gas and Liquid in One Packed Column’ , Paper presented to A.I.Ch.E.-I.Chem.E. Joint Meeting, London, 1965 .
30.
Britten
I. M.
Woodburn
E. T.
‘The Influence of Axial Dispersion on Carbon Dioxide Absorption Tower Performance’ , A.E.Ch.E. Jnl. , 1966 , 12 , 541 .
31.
McHenry
K. W.
Wilhelm
R. H.
‘Ax al Mixing of Binary Gas Mixtures Flowing in a Bed of Spheres’ , A.I.Ch.E. Jnl. , 1957 , 3 , 83 .
32.
Otake
T.
Kungugita
E.
‘Mixing Characteristics of Irrigated Packed Towers’ , Chem. Eng. (Japan) , 1958 , 22 , 144 .
33.
Harrison
D.
Lane
M.
Walne
D.
‘Axial Mixing of Liquid on a Column of Spheres’ , Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1962 , 40 , 214 .
34.
Levenspiel
O.
Smith
W. K.
‘Notes on the Diffusion-type Model for Longitudinal Mixing of Fluids in Flow’ , Chem. Eng. Sci. , 1956 , 6 , 227 .
35.
Laan
E. T.
‘Notes on the Diffusion-type Model for the Longitudinal Mixing in Flow’ , Chem. Eng. Sci. , 1957 , 7 , 187 .
36.
Colburn
A. P.
Stearns
R. F.
‘The Effect of Column Holdup on Batch Distillation’ , Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1941 , 37 , 291 .
37.Errata , Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Engrs. , 1941 , 37 , 727 .
38.
Berg
C.
James
I. J.
‘Rate of Approach to Equilibrium of Fractionating Columns’ , Chem. Eng. Prog. , 1948 , 44 , 307 .
