Ship position control is enabling extraction of oil and gas from hitherto inaccessible locations and in extreme conditions. It is now also assisting in the deployment and maintenance of installations for the burgeoning offshore renewable energy industry.
The paper examines the systems and control engineering challenges of providing safe ship positioning in an inhospitable environment. It looks at the shortcomings of a number of technologies and underlines the need for multiple diverse techniques to be brought together in a single system.
BalchenJ. G.JenssenN. A.MathisenE.SaelidS. (1980). A dynamic positioning system based on Kalman filtering and optimal control. Modelling Identification and Control, 1(3), pp. 135–163.
2.
BartonP. H. (1978). Dynamic positioning systems. GEC Journal for Industry, 2(3), pp. 119–125.
3.
BennettS. (1993). A history of control engineering, 1930–1955. Peter Peregrinus, Stevenage, UK.
4.
Det Norske Veritas (2004). Rules for Classification of Ships, Pt. 6 Ch.7, Dynamic Positioning Systems. DetNorske Veritas (DNV), Norway.
GrimbleM. J.PattonR. J.WiseD. A. (1979). The design of dynamic ship positioning control systems using extended Kalman filtering techniques. In Proc. IEEE Oceans '79 Conf., San Diego, USA, pp. 488–498.
7.
HathawayD. H.WilsonR. M.ReichmannE. J. (1999). A synthesis of solar cycle prediction techniques. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104(A10), pp. 22, 375–22, 388.
8.
IMCA (2009). Deep water acoustic positioning. Technical Report, IMCA M 200, IMCA S 013, International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA), London.
9.
KatebiM. R.GrimbleM. J.ZhangY. (1997). HI robust control design for dynamic ship positioning. IEE Proceedings Control Theory and Applications, 144(2), pp. 110–120.
10.
KintnerP. M.HumphreysT.HinksJ. (2009). GNSS and ionospheric scintillation: how to survive the next solar maximum. Inside GNSS, 4(4), pp. 22–31.
11.
LarsenM. B. (2009). Combined USBL and inertial navigation. In DP conference, 13–14 October 2009, Houston, TX, USA. Marine Technology Society.
12.
LoddickS.WatsonJ. (2010). APM, a new generation of ship propulsion motor. In 10th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition (INEC 2010), 11–13 May 2010, Portsmouth.
13.
MinorskyN. (1922). Automatic steering device. Patent US 1,436,280 (filed 1918).
14.
NewmanS. L. (2007). Dynamic positioning in offshore drilling: Increased importance— enhancing performance. In Dynamic Positioning Conference, October 9–10, 2007, Houston, TX, USA. Marine Technical Society.
15.
StephensR. I. (2004). Aspects of industrial dynamic positioning: reality-tolerant control. In 6th IFAC Conference on Control Applications in Marine Systems CAMS'04, 7–9 July 2004, Ancona, Italy, pp. 41–51.
16.
StephensR. I.BurnhamK. J.ReeveP. J. (1995). A practical approach to the design of fuzzy controllers with application to dynamic ship positioning. In 3rdIFAC Workshop on Control Applications in Marine Systems CAMS'95, 10–12 May 1995, Trondheim, Norway pp. 370–377.
17.
StephensR. I.ChildsJ. F. (2010). Optimising dynamically positioned vessel power systems using advanced converter control. In UKACC International Conference on Control (CONTROL 2010), 7–10 September 2010, Coventry, UK.
StephensR. I.CrétollierF.MorvanP.-Y.ChamberlainA. G. (2008). Integration of an inertial navigation system and DP. In Dynamic Positioning Conference, October 7–8, 2008, Houston, TX, USA. Marine Technical Society.