Indications for Translaryngeal Intubation

AARC Clinical Practice Guideline. Management of airway emergencies. Respir Care 1995;40(7):749–760.

Bishop MJ . Airway Management. In: Tobin MJ , editor. Principles and practice of mechanical ventilation. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1994.

Plummer AL , Gracey DR . Consensus conference on artificial airways in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Chest 1989;96(1):178–180.

Reed AP . Current concepts in airway management for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Mayo Clin Proc 1995;70(12):1172–1184.

McIntyre JWR . Oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways. Can J Anaesth 1996;43(6):629–635.

Greenberg RS , Brimacombe J , Berry A , et al. A randomized controlled trial comparing the cuffed oropharyngeal airway and the laryngeal mask airway in spontaneously breathing anesthetized adults. Anesthesiology 1998;88(4):970–977.

Atherton GL , Johnson JC . Ability of paramedics to use the Combitube in prehospital cardiac arrest. Ann Emerg Med 1993;22(8):1263–1268.

Staudinger T , Tesinsky P , Klappacher G , Brugger S , Rintenlen C , Locker G , et al. Emergency intubation with the Combitube in two cases of difficult airway management. Eur J Anaesthesiol 1995;12(2):189–193.

Alexander R , Hodgson P , Lomax D , Bullen C. A comparison of the laryngeal mask airway and Guedel airway, bag and facemask for manual ventilation following formal training. Anaesthesia 1993;48(3):231–234.

The use of the laryngeal mask airway by nurses during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Results of a multicentre trial. Anaesthesia 1994;49(1):3–7.

Arosio EM , Conci F. Use of the laryngeal mask airway for respiratory distress in the intensive care unit. Anaesthesia 1995;50(7):635–636.

Asai T , Morris S. The laryngeal mask airway: its features, effects and role. Can J Anaesth 1994;41(10):930–960.

Bailey AR , Hett DA . The laryngeal mask airway in resuscitation. Resuscitation 1994;28(2):107–110.

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Bogetz MS . The laryngeal mask airway–role in managing the difficult airway. Int Anesthesiol Clin 1994;32(4):109–117.

Devitt JH , Wenstone R , Noel AG , O'Donnell MP . The laryngeal. mask airway and positive-pressure ventilation. Anesthesiology 1994;80(3):550–555.

Reinhart DJ , Simmons G. Comparison of placement of the laryngeal mask airway with endotracheal tube by paramedics and respiratory therapists. Ann Emerg Med 1994;24(2):260–263.

Samarkandi AH , Seraj MA , el Dawlatly A , Mastan M , Bakhamees HB . The role of laryngeal mask airway in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation 1994;28(2):103–106.

Sasada MP , Gabbott DA . The role of the laryngeal mask airway in pre-hospital care. Resuscitation 1994;28(2):97–102.

Weiler N , Latorre F , Eberle B , Goedecke R , Heinrichs W. Respiratory mechanics, gastric insufflation pressure, and air leakage of the laryngeal mask airway. Anesth Analg 1997;84(5):1025–1028.

Brimacombe JR , Berry A. The incidence of aspiration associated with the laryngeal mask airway: a meta-analysis of published literature. J Clin Anesth 1995;7(4):297–305.

Kil HK , Bishop MJ . Head position and oral vs nasal route as factors determining endotracheal tube resistance. Chest 1994;105(6):1794–1797.

Guttmann J , Eberhard L , Fabry B , Bertschmann W , Wolff G. Continuous calculation of intratracheal pressure in tracheally intubated patients. Anesthesiology 1993;79(3):503–513.

Gal TJ . Pulmonary mechanics in normal subjects following endotracheal intubation. Anesthesiology 1980;52(1):27–35.

Bolder PM , Healey TE , Bolder AR , Beatty PC , Kay B. The extra work of breathing through adult endotracheal tubes. Anesth Analg 1986;65(8):853–859.

Conti G , De Blasi RA , Lappa A , Ferretti A , Antonelli M , Bufi M , Gasparetto A. Evaluation of respiratory system resistance in mechanically ventilated patients: the role of the endotracheal tube. Intensive Care Med 1994;20(6):421–424.

Heyer L , Louis B , Isabey D , Lofaso F , Brochard L , Fredburg JJ , Harf A. Noninvasive estimate of work of breathing due to the endotracheal tube. Anesthesiology 1996;85(6):1324–1333.

Lofaso F , Louis B , Brochard L , Harf A , Isabey D. Use of the Blasius resistance formula to estimate the effective diameter of endotracheal tubes. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992;146(4):974–979.

Sullivan M , Paliotta J , Saklad M. Endotracheal tube as a factor in measurement of respiratory mechanics. J Appl Physiol 1976;41(4):590–592.

Tipping TR , Sykes MK . Tracheal tube resistance and airway and alveolar pressures during mechanical ventilation in the neonate. Anaesthesia 1991;46(7):565–569.

Shapiro M , Wilson RK , Casar G , Bloom K , Teague RB . Work of breathing through different sized endotracheal tubes. Crit Care Med 1986;14(12):1028–1031.

Yung MW , Snowdon SL . Respiratory resistance of tracheostomy tubes. Arch Otolaryngol 1984;110(9):591–595.

van Surell C , Louis B , Lofaso F , Beydon L , Brochard L , Harf A , et al. Acoustic method to estimate the longitudinal area profile of endotracheal tubes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994;149(1):28–33.

Wright PE , Marini JJ , Bernard GR . In vitro versus in vivo comparison of endotracheal tube airflow resistance. Am Rev Respir Dis 1989;140(1):10–16.

Brochard L , Rua F , Lorino H , Lemarie F , Harf A. Inspiratory pressure support compensates for the additional work of breathing caused by the endotracheal tube. Anesthesiology 1991;75(5):739–745.

Fiastro JF , Habib MP , Quan SF . Pressure support compensation for inspiratory work due to endotracheal tubes and demand continuous positive airway pressure. Chest 1988;93(3):499–505.

Kuhlen R , Rossaint R. Electronic extubation is it worth trying it? (editorial). Intensive Care Med 1997;23(11):1105–1107.

Guttmann J , Bernhard H , Mols G , Benzing A , Hofmann P , Haberthur C , et al. Respiratory comfort of automatic tube compensation and inspiratory pressure support in conscious humans. Intensive Care Med 1997;23(11):1119–1124.

Fabry B , Haberthur C , Zappe D , Guttmann J , Kuhlen R , Stocker R. Breathing pattern and additional work of breathing in spontaneously breathing patients with different ventilatory demands during inspiratory pressure support and automatic tube compensation. Intensive Care Med 1997;23(5):545–552.

Esteban A , Alia I , Gordo F , Fernandez R , Solsona JF , Vallverdu I , et al. Extubation outcome after spontaneous breathing trials with T-tube or pressure support ventilation. The Spanish Lung Failure Collaborative Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156(2 Pt 1):459–465. Published erratum appears in Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156(6):2028.

Straus C , Louis B , Isabey D , Lemaire F , Harf A , Brochard L. Contribution of the endotracheal tube and the upper airway to breathing workload. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157(1):23–30.

Mehta S. The risk of aspiration in presence of cuffed endotracheal tubes. Br J Anaesth 1972;44(6):601–605.

Kollef MH , Silver P. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: an update for clinicians. Respir Care 1995;40(11):1130–1140.

McCleave DJ , Fisher M. Efficacy of high volume low pressure cuffs in preventing aspiration. Anesth Intensive Care 1977;5(2):167–168.

Macrae W , Wallace P. Aspiration around high-volume, low-pressure endotracheal cuff. Br Med J 1981;283(6301):1220.

Seegobin RD , van Hasselt GL . Aspiration beyond endotracheal cuffs. Can Anaesth Soc J 1986;33(3 Pt 1):273–279.

Petring OU , Adelhoj B , Jensen BN , Pedersen NO , Lomholt N. Prevention of silent aspiration due to leaks around cuffs of endotracheal tubes. Anesth Analg 1986;65(7):777–780.

Bernhard WN , Cottrell JE , Sivakumaran C , Patel K , Yost L , Turndorf H. Adjustment of intracuff pressure to prevent aspiration. Anesthesiology 1979;50(4):363–366.

Pavlin EG , Van Nimwegan D , Hornbein TF . Failure of a high-compliance low-pressure cuff to prevent aspiration. Anesthesiology 1975;42(2):216–219.

Rello J , Sonora R , Jubert P , Artigas A , Rue M , Valles J. Pneumonia in intubated patients: role of respiratory airway care. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996;154(1):111–115.

Mahul P , Auboyer C , Jospe R , Ros A , Guerin C , el Khouri Z , et al. Prevention of nosocomial pneumonia in intubated patients: respective role of mechanical ventilation subglottic secretions drainage and stress ulcer prophylaxis. Intensive Care Med 1992;18(1):20–25.

Valles J , Artigas A , Rello J , Bonsoms N , Fontanals O , Blanch L , et al. Continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia. Ann Intern Med 1995;122(3):179–186.

Sottile FD , Marrie TJ , Prough DS , Hobgood CD , Gower DJ , Webb LX , et al. Nosocomial pulmonary infection: possible etiologic significance of bacterial adhesion to endotracheal tubes. Crit Care Med 1986;14(4):265–270.

Inglis TJ , Millar MR , Jones JG , Robinson DA . Tracheal tube biofilm as a source of bacterial colonization of the lung. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27(9):2014–2018.

Bowman FP , Menegazzi JJ , Check BD , Duckett TM . Lower esophageal sphincter pressure during prolonged cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Ann Emerg Med 1995;26(2):216–219.

Ruben H , Knudsen EJ , Carugati G. Gastric insufflation in relation to airway pressure. Acta Anaesth Scand 1961;5:107–114.

Consensus statement: noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Respir Care 1997;42(4):365–369.

Pang D , Keenan SP , Cook DJ , Sibbald WJ . The effect of positive pressure airway support on mortality and the need for intubation in cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a systematic review. Chest 1998;114(4):1185–1192.

Keenan SP , Kennerman PD , Cook DJ , Martin CM , McCormack D , Sibbald WJ . Effect of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on mortality in patients admitted with acute respiratory failure: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 1997;25(10):1685–1692.

Keenan SP , Brake D. An evidence-based approach to noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Clin 1998;14(3):359–372.

Hess D. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation: predictors of success and failure for adult acute care applications. Respir Care 1997;42(4):424–431.

Hill NS . Complications of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Respir Care 1997;42(4):432–442.

AARC Clinical Practice Guideline. Postural drainage therapy. Respir Care 1991;36(12):1418–1426.

AARC Clinical Practice Guideline. Directed cough. Respir Care 1993;38(5):495–499.

AARC Clinical Practice Guideline. Nasotracheal suctioning. Respir Care 1992;37(8):898–901.

AARC Clinical Practice Guideline. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy assisting. Respir Care 1993;38(11):1173–1178.

AARC Clinical Practice Guideline. Use of positive airway pressure adjuncts to bronchial hygiene therapy. Respir Care 1993;38(5):516–521.

Bach JR. Mechanical insufflation-exsufflation. Comparison of peak expiratory flows with manually assisted and unassisted coughing techniques. Chest 1993;104(5):1553–1562.

Hardy KA , Anderson BD . Noninvasive clearance of airway secretions. Respir Care Clin N Am 1996;2(2):323–345.

Branson RD . The nuts and bolts of increasing arterial oxygenation: devices and techniques. Respir Care 1993;38(6):686. Discussion: 687-689.

Foust GN , Potter WH , Wilons MD , Golden EB . Shortcomings of using two jet nebulizers in tandem with an aerosol face mask for optimal oxygen therapy. Chest 1991;99(6):1346–1351.