Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) allows ventilation and oxygenation to occur at lower peak and mean airway pressures than conventional positive pressure ventilation. The use of APRV in adults is an effective method of ventilation for patients with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the use of APRV in children is less established. We report the use of APRV with a short release time of 0.2 s in a child with acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia.
GarnerW, DownsJB, StockMC, RasanenJ.Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV): A human trial. Chest1988;94(4):779–781.
2.
RasanenJ, CaneRD, DownsJB, HurstJM, JouselaIT, KirbyRR, et al. Airway pressure release ventilation during acute lung injury: a prospective multicenter trial. Crit Care Med1991;19(10):1234–1241.
3.
CaneRD, PeruzziWT, ShapiroBA. Airway pressure release ventilation in severe acute respiratory failure. Chest1991;100(2):460–463.
4.
SydowM, BurchardiH, EphraimE, SielmannS, CrozierTA. Long-term effects of two different ventilatory modes on oxygenation in acute lung injury. Comparison of airway pressure release ventilation and volume-controlled inverse ratio ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med1994;149(6):1550–1556.
5.
RasanenJ, DownsJB, StockMC. Cardiovascular effects of conven- tional positive pressure ventilation and airway pressure release ven- tilation. Chest1988;93(5):911–5.
6.
PutensenC, MutzNJ, Putensen-HimmerG, ZinserlingJ.Spontane- ous breathing during ventilatory support improves ventilation-perfu- sion distributions in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med1999;159(4 Pt 1):1241–8.
RoubyJJ, Ben AmeurM, JawishD, CherifA, AndreevA, DreuxS, et al. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs. intermittent mandatory pressure release ventilation (IMPRV) in patients with acute respiratory failure. Intensive Care Med1992;18(2):69–75.
9.
PetersenGW, BaierH.Incidence of pulmonary barotrauma in a medical ICU. Crit Care Med1983;11(2):67–9.
10.
PutensenC, RasanenJ, LopezFA, DownsJB. Effect of interfacing between spontaneous breathing and mechanical cycles on the venti- lation-perfusion distribution in canine lung injury. Anesthesiology1994;81(4):921–930.
11.
MartinLD, WetzelRC, BilenkiAL. Airway pressure release venti- lation (APRV) in a neonatal lamb model of acute lung injury. Crit Care Med1991;19(3):373–378.
12.
SchultzTR, DurningBS, NapoliLA, SchearsF.Airway pressure release ventilation in pediatrics: a case series (abstract). Respir Care1998;43:845.
13.
DurningSM, SchultzTR, NapoliLA, GodinezRI. Airway pressure release ventilation for a pediatric patient on extra-corporeal mem- brane oxygenation: a case study (abstract). Presented at the 1998 Open Forum of the International Respiratory Congress. Respir Care1998;43:842.
14.
SchultzTR, DurningSM, SchearsGJ, GodinezRI, HelfaerM.Air- way pressure release ventilation (APRV) oxygenation and ventilates at lower peak airway pressures (PAP) in children (abstract). Crit Care Med1999;27:A137:344.
15.
MartinLD, WetzelRC. Optimal release time during airway pressure release ventilation in neonatal sheep. Crit Care Med1994;22(3):486–493.
16.
The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network. Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med2000;342(18):1301–1308.
