The article grapples with the period of transition from ‘native’ to colonial rule. It comprehends the crisis of political-economy in transition by contextualising certain civil cases and petitions to understand how people exploited the ambiguity between power and authority—between the ideology of ‘tradition’ and the ‘method’ of colonial institutions—to elevate their social and economic status. While the colonial institutions could empower individuals and groups economically, only ‘traditional’ authority could legitimise their revision in social status. The strategy employed by the Jogis of Chamba in Himachal Pradesh, who petitioned the Raja while simultaneously exploring the legal framework and the land settlement regime of their British masters, indicates their comprehension of the system in transition. The institutional framework of the latter empowered them, while the nominal authority of the Raja was invoked to claim social status. This strategy, of social mobility and empowerment, undergirds the transformation in the agrarianscape, and contextualises the ascendance of religious orders/leaders who cut across caste and sectarian boundaries at the time when the state was in the process of transition.
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References
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The documents procured (cited, translated and transcribed) are from the portal of Charpat at Charpati Mohalla in Chamba town, Himachal Pradesh. The documents are land grants from 1774 to 1950, and consist of account sheets in possession of the Mahant (Late Mahant, Baijanath, made these accessible to me in 1996). These documents are in Takri script and Chambiyali language. The legal documents are in Urdu. The present Mahant, Som Nath, allowed me access to the documents in 2003. The settlement and administrative records for Charpatnath were accessed at the office of Tehsildar (revenue) in the District Headquarters Chamba. The documents used in the present article are:
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