This longitudinal study examined antecedents and consequences of psychological burnout among human service professionals. Antecedents of psychological burnout included individual and situational characteristics, work stressors, and measures of social support. Consequences of psychological burnout emphasized satisfaction and emotional and physical well-being variables. Participants in the study were 362 school-based educators (teachers and administrators) employed by the same school board. Respondents completed questionnaires sent to them at their schools at two points in time, 1 year apart. Regression analyses of time-lagged data replicated many empirical findings from cross-sectional studies.
BEEHR, T. A., & McGRATH, J. E.Social support, occupational stress and anxiety. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 1992, 5, 7-20.
2.
BURKE, R. J., & DESZCA, E.Correlates of psychological burnout phases among police officers. Human Relations, 1986, 39, 487-502.
3.
BURKE, R. J., & GREENGLASS, E. R.Type A behavior and non-work activities. Personality and Individual Differences, 1990, 18, 322-328.
4.
BURKE, R. J., & GREENGLASS, E. R.A longitudinal study of progressive phases of phases of psychological burnout. Journal of Health and Human Resources Administration, 1991, 13, 390-408.
5.
BURKE, R. J., & RICHARDSEN, A. R.Psychological burnout in organizations. In R. T. Golembiewski (Ed.), Handbook of organizational behavior. Dekker. In press.
6.
BURKE, R. J., SHEARER, J., & DESZCA, G.Burnout among men and women in police work: an examination of the Cherniss model. Joumal of Health and Human Resources Administration, 1984, 7, 162-188.
7.
CAPLAN, R. D., COBB, S., FRENCH, J. R. P., HARRISON, R. V., & PINNEAU, S. R.Job demands and worker health. Cincinnati, Ohio: NIOSH Research Report, 1975.
8.
CHERNISS, C.Professional burnout in human service organizations. New York: Praeger, 1980.
9.
CHERNISS, C.Burnout in new professionals: A long-term follow-up study. Journal of Health and Human Resources Administration, 1989, 12, 11-24.
10.
CHERNISS, C.Natural recovery from burnout: Results of a 10-year follow-up study. Journal of Health and Human Resources Administration, 1990, 13, 132-154.
11.
DEROGATIS, L. R., LIPMAN, R. S., RICKELS, K., UHLENHUTH, ELTT, & COVI, L.The Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL): A self-report symptom inventory. Behavioral Science, 1979, 19, 1-15.
12.
FREUDENBERGER, H. J.Burnout: The high cost of high achievement. New York: Anchor Press, 1980.
13.
GOLEMBIEWSKI, R. T.An orientation to psychological burnout: Probably something old, definitely something new. Joumal of Health and Human Resources Administration, 1984, 7, 153-161.
14.
GOLEMBIEWSKI, R. T., & MUNZENRIDER, R. F.Phases of burnout: Development in concepts and applications. New York: Praeger, 1988.
15.
GOLEMBIEWSKI, R. T., MUNZENRIDER, R. F., & STEVENSON, J.Stress in organizations. New York: Praeger, 1986.
16.
GOLEMBIEWSKI, R. T., HILLES, R., & DALY, R.Some effects of multiple OD interventions on burnout and work site features. Joumal of Applied Behavioral Science, 1987, 23, 295-313.
17.
GOLEMBIEWSKI, R. T., BOUDREAU, R., KIM, B. S., MUNZENRIDER, R. F., & PARK, S.Burnout in cross-cultural settings: Are the MBI sub-domains idiosyncratic or generic?Journal of Health and Human Resources Administration, 1990, 13, 182-191.
18.
GREENGLASS, E. R.Burnout and gender: Theoretical and organizational implications. Canadian Psychology, 1991, 32, 562-572.
19.
GREENGLASS, E. R., & BURKE, R. J.Burnout over time. Joumal of Health and Human Resources Administration, 1990, 13, 192-204.
20.
HOUSE, J. S.Work stress and social support. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 1981.
21.
JACKSON, S. E., SCHWAB, R. L., & SCHULER, R. S.Toward an understanding of the burnout phenomenon. Joumal of Applied Psychology, 1986, 71, 630-640.
22.
KASL, S. V., & WELLS, J. A.Social support and health in the middle years. In S. Cohen & S. Syme (eds.), Social support and health, 1985, Orlando, Fla.: Academic Press.
23.
LEITER, M.The dream denied: Professional burnout and the constraints of human service organizations. Canadian Psychology, 1991, 32, 547-555.
24.
MASLACH, C.Burnout: The cost of caring. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1982.
25.
MASLACH, C., & JACKSON, S. E.The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 1981, 2, 99-113.
26.
ORDEN, S., & BRADBURN, N.Dimensions of marriage happiness. American Joumal of Sociology, 1968, 73, 715-731.
27.
PINES, A., ARONSON, E., & KAFRY, D.Burnout: From tedium to personal growth, New York: The Free Press, 1981.
28.
QUINN, R. P., & SHEPARD, L.The 1972 quality of employment survey. Ann Arbor: Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.
29.
RUSSELL, D. W., ALTMAIER, E., & VAN VELZEN, D.Job-related stress, social support and burnout among classroom teachers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1989, 72, 269-274.
30.
SHIROM. Burnout in work organizations. In C. L. Cooper and I. T. Robertson (Eds.), International review of industrial and organizational psychology. New York: John Wiley, 1989, pp. 25-48.
31.
WELLS, J. A.Social support as a buffer of stressful job conditions. Joumal of Organizational Behavior, 1982, 2, 218-226.
