This study examined the association between stress and the leisure needs and activities of four occupational groups: professional, managerial, clerical, and trades. It was found that stress was associated with passive/recuperative leisure needs and activities among managerial employees. Professionals also showed evidence of a correlation between stress and leisure needs and activities which revealed a partly recuperative, partly active-compensatory leisure pattern. Among clerical and trades employees there was little association between stress and leisure. Occupational differences in the sources and effects of stress, and differences in coping patterns need to be explained.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
BEEHR, T. A. , & BHAGAT, R. S. (Eds.). Human stress and cognition in organizations: An integrated perspective. New York: Wiley , 1985.
2.
BEUTELL, N. J. , & GREENHAUS, J. H.Integration of home and nonhome roles: Women's conflict and coping behavior . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1983, 68, 43-68 .
3.
CHAMPOUX, J. E.A sociological perspective on work involvement . International Review of Applied Psychology, 1981, 30, 65-80 .
4.
CHERRY, N.Stress, anxiety and work: A longitudinal study . Journal of Occupational Psychology, 1978, 51, 259-270 .
5.
CHERRY, N.Nervous strain, anxiety and symptoms amongst 32-year-old men at work in Britain . Journal of Occupational Psychology, 1984, 59, 95-105 .
6.
COOPER, C. L. , & PAYNE, R.Stress at work. Chichester: Wiley , 1978.
7.
COOPER, C. L. , & PAYNE, R.Current concerns in occupational stress. Chichester: Wiley , 1980.
8.
CUMMINGS, L. L.Organizational behavior . Annual Review of Psychology, 1982,33, 541-579 .
9.
DUMAZEDIER, J.Toward a society of leisure. New York: Free Press , 1967.
10.
FRESE, M.Occupational socialisation and psychological development: An underemphasized research perspective in industrial psychology . Journal of Occupational Psychology, 1982, 55, 209-224 .
11.
JACKSON, S.Participation in decision making as a strategy for reducing job-related strain . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1983, 68, 3-19 .
12.
KABANOFF, B.Work and non-work: A review of models, methods and findings . Psychological Bulletin, 1980, 88, 60-77 .
13.
KABANOFF, B.Validation of a task attributes description of leisure . Australian Journal of Psychology, 1981, 33, 260-269 .
14.
KABANOFF, B.Occupational and sex differences in leisure needs and satisfaction . Journal of Occupational Behavior, 1982, 3, 233-245 .
15.
KABANOFF, B.Two further validations of the task attributes method of describing leisure behavior . Australian Journal of Psychology, 1985, 37, 99-106 .
16.
KABANOFF, B. , & O'BRIEN, G. E.Work and leisure: A task attributes analysis . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1980, 65, 596-609 .
17.
KABANOFF, B. , & O'BRIEN, G. E.Relationships between work and leisure attributes across occupational and sex groups in Australia . Australian Journal of Psychology, 1982, 34, 165-182 .
18.
KANDO, T. , & SUMMERS, W.The impact of work on leisure . Pacific Sociological Review, 1971, 14, 310-327 .
19.
KELLY, J. R.Work and leisure: A simplified paradigm . Journal of Leisure Research, 1972, 4, 50-62 .
20.
KELLY, J. R.Leisure socialisation: Replication and extension . Journal of Leisure Research, 1977, 9, 121-132 .
21.
KELLY, J. R.Situational and social factors in leisure decisions . Pacific Sociological Review, 1978, 21, 313-330 .
22.
KESSLER, R. C. , PRICE, R. H. , & WORTMAN, C. B.Social factors in psychopathology: Stress, social support and coping processes . Annual Review of Psychology, 1985, 36, 531-572 .
23.
KLEIBER, D. A.Free time activity and psycho-social adjustment in college students: A preliminary analysis . Journal of Leisure Research, 1980, 12, 205-212 .
24.
MURPHY, C. R.Occupational stress management: A review and appraisal . Journal of Occupational Psychology, 1984, 57, 1-15 .
25.
NEWTON, T. S. , & KEENAN, A.Coping with work-related stress . Human Relations, 1985, 38, 107-126 .
26.
O'BRIEN, G. E.Locus of control, previous occupation and satisfaction with retirement . Australian Journal of Psychology, 1981, 33, 305-318 .
27.
O'BRIEN, G. E. , DOWLING, P. , & KABANOFF, B.Work, health and leisure. National Institute of Labor Studies, Flinders University , Working Paper Series No. 28, 1978.
28.
PARKER, D. F. , & De COTIIS, T. A.Organizational determinants of job stress . Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 1983, 32, 160-177 .
29.
PEARLIN, L. I. , & SCHOOLER, C.The structure of coping . Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 1978, 9, 2-21 .
30.
SEEMAN, M.The urban alienations: Some dubious theses from Marx to Marcuse . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1971, 19, 135-143 .
31.
SHAW, J. B. , & RISKIND, J. H.Predicting job stress using data from the Position Analysis Questionnaire . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1983, 68, 253-261 .
32.
TAYLOR, K. F. , KELSO, G. I. , COX, G. N. , ALLOWAY, W. J. , & MATTHEWS, J. P.Applying Holland's vocational categories to leisure activities . Journal of Occupational Psychology, 1979, 55, 199-207 .
33.
WILLENSKY, H. L.Work, careers and social integration . International Social Science Journal, 1960, 12, 543-560 .
