Studies concerned with variables involving an individual's decision to leave an organization are categorized into process and content aspects. Variations in previous tests of causal content models are discussed. It was hypothesized that job type acts as a moderating factor affecting the variables indicated as important in the intention-to-leave decision. The results of this study support the hypothesis. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
ARNOLD, H. J. , & FELDMAN, D. C.A multivariate analysis of the determinants of job turnover . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1982, 67, 350-360 .
2.
ASHNER, H. B.Causal modeling. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage Publications , 1976.
BLUEDORN, A. C.A taxonomy of turnover . Academy of Management Review, 1978, 3, 647-651 .
5.
BLUEDORN, A. C.A unified model of turnover from organizations . Human Relations, 1982, 35, 135-153 . (a)
6.
BLUEDORN, A. C.The theories of turnover: Causes, effects, and meaning. In S. Bacharach (Ed.), Research in the sociology of organizations (Vol. 1). Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press , 1982. (b)
7.
BUCHANAN, B.Red tape and the service ethic, some unexpected differences between public and private managers . Administration and Society, 1975, 6, 423-444 .
8.
BURNS, T. , & STALKER, G. M.The management of innovation. London: Tavistock Publications , 1961.
9.
COOPER, H. M. , & ROSENTHAL, R.Statistical versus traditional procedures for summarizing research findings . Psychological Bulletin, 1980, 87, 442-449 .
10.
DALTON, D. R. , & TODAR, W. D.Turnover turned over: An expanded and positive perspective . Academy of Management Review, 1979, 4, 225-237 .
11.
GOODMAN, P. S. , SALIPANTE, P. , & PARANSKY, H.Hiring, training, and retraining the hard core unemployed: A selected review . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1973, 58, 23-33 .
12.
GOULDER, A. W.Cosmopolitans and locals: Toward an analysis of latent social roles-I . Administrative Science Quarterly, 1957, 2, 281-306 .
13.
GREENHALGH, L.A process model of organizational turnover: The relationship with job security as a case in point . Academy of Management Review, 1980, 5, 299-303 .
14.
GRIFFIN, L. J.Causal modeling of psychological success in work organizations . Academy of Management Journal, 1977, 20, 6-33 .
15.
HEISE, D.Problems in path analysis and causal interference. In E. Borgatta (Ed.), Sociological methodology, 1969. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass , 1969.
16.
JAUCH, L. R. , OSBORN, R. N. , & TERPENING, W. D.Goal congruence and employee orientations: The substitution effect . Academy of Management Journal, 1980, 23, 544-550 .
17.
KANTER, R. M.The impact of hierarchial structures on the work behavior of women and men . Social Problems, 1976, 23, 41S-43U .
18.
KERLINGER, F. N. , & PEDHAZUR, E. J.Multiple regression in behavioral research. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston , 1973.
19.
KERR, C.The Balkanization of labor markets. In E. Bakke (Ed.), Labor mobility and economic opportunity. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press , 1954.
20.
KRAUT, A. I.Predicting turnover of employees from measured job attitudes . Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 1975, 13, 233-243 .
21.
MANGIONE, T. W.Turnover-Some psychological and demographic correlates. In R. P. Quinn & T. W. Mangione (Eds.), The 1969-1970 survey of working conditions. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Survey Research Center , 1973, 335-371.
22.
MARSH, R. M. , & MANNARI, H.Organizational commitment and turnover: A predictive study . Administrative Science Quarterly, 1977, 22, 57-75 .
23.
MARTIN, T. N.A contextual model of employee turnover intentions . Academy of Management Journal, 1979, 22, 313-324 .
24.
MARTIN, T. N. , & HUNT , Social influence and intent to leave: A path-analytic process model . Personnel Psychology, 1980, 33, 505-527 .
25.
MERTON, R. K.Social theory and social structure. Glencoe: Free Press , 1957.
26.
MOBLEY, W. H.Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1977, 62, 237-240 .
27.
MOBLEY, W. H. , GRIFFETH, R. W. , HAND, H. H. , & MEGLINO, B. V.Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process . Psychological Bulletin, 1979, 86, 493-522 .
28.
MOBLEY, W. H. , HORNER, S. D. , & HOLLINGSWORTH, A. T.An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1978, 63, 408-414 .
29.
MOWDAY, R. T. , STONE, E. F. , & PORTER, L. W.The integration of personality and job scope in predicting turnover , Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1979, 15, 78-79 .
30.
MUCHINSKY, P. M. , & MORROW, P. C.A multidisciplinary model of voluntary employee turnover . Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1980, 17, 263-290 .
31.
MUCHINSKY, P. M. , & TUTTLE, M.Employee turnover: An empirical and methodological assessmentJournal of Vocational Behavior, 1979, 14, 43-77 .
32.
NEWMAN, J. E.Predicting absenteeism and turnover: A field comparison of Fishbein's model and traditional job attitude measures . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1974, 59, 610-615 .
33.
NICHOLSON, N. , WALL, T. , & LISCHERON, J.The prediction of absence and propensity to leave from employees' job satisfaction and attitudes toward influence in decision-making . Human Relations, 1977, 30, 499-514 .
34.
NIE, N. H. , HULL, C. H. , JENKINS, J. G. , STEINBRENNER, K. , & BENT, D. H.Statistical package for the social sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill , 1975.
35.
NUNNALLY, J. C.Psychometric theory. New York: McGraw-Hill , 1967.
36.
OSTERMAN, P.An empirical study of labor market segmentation: Positive feedback and divergent development . American Economic Review, 1973, 63, 366-376 .
37.
PETTMAN, B. O.Labour turnover and retention. New York: Wiley , 1975.
38.
PIORE, M. J.Notes for a theory of labor market stratification. Working Paper No. 95, Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 1972.
39.
PORTER, L. W. , & STEERS, R. M.Organizational, work, and personal factors in employee turnover and absenteeism . Psychological Bulletin, 1973, 80, 151-176 .
40.
PRICE, J. L.The study of turnover. Ames: Iowa State University Press , 1977.
41.
PRICE, J. L. , & BLUEDORN, A.Intent to leave as a measure of turnover . Paper presented at the 37th National Academy of Management Meeting, Orlando, 1977.
42.
PRICE, J. L. , & MUELLER, C. W.Professional turnover: The case of nurses. New York: SP Medical and Scientific , 1981.
43.
REYNOLDS, L. G.The structure of labor markets. New York: Harper & Row , 1951.
44.
ROBINSON, D. D.Prediction of clerical turnover in banks by means of a weighted application blank . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1972, 56, 282 .
45.
SCHNEIDER, J.The “greener grass” phenomenon: Differential effects of a work context alternative on organizational participation and withdrawal intentions . Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 1976, 16, 308-333 .
46.
SMITH, C. B.Influence of internal opportunity structure and sex of worker on turnover patterns . Administrative Science Quarterly, 1979, 24, 362-381 .
47.
VICTORISZ, T. , & HARRISON, B.Labor market segmentation: Positive feedback and divergent development . American Economic Review, 1973, 63, 366-376 .
48.
VOLMER, H. M.Work activities and attitudes of scientists and research managers. Menlo Park, Calif.: Stanford Research Institute , 1965.
49.
WANOUS, J. P.Individual differences and reactions to job characteristics . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1974, 59, 616-622 .
50.
WATERS, L. K. , & ROACH, D.Relationship between job attitudes and two forms of withdrawal from the work situation . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1971, 55, 92-94 .
51.
WATERS, L. K. , & ROACH, D.Job attitudes as predictors of termination and absenteeism: consistency over time and across organizational units . Journal of Applied Psychology, 1973, 57, 341-342 .
52.
WATERS, L. K. , & ROACH, D.Job satisfaction, behavioral intentions, and absenteeism as predictors of turnover . Personnel Psychology, 1979, 32, 393-397 .
53.
WATERS, L. K. , ROACH, D. , & WATERS, C. W.Estimate of future tenure, satisfaction, and biographical variables as predictors of termination . Personnel Psychology, 1973, 29, 57-60 .
54.
WILLIAMS, A.Factors associated with labor turnover among ancillary staff in two London hospitals . Journal of Occupational Psychology, 1979, 52, 1-16 .
