The Effect of Situational vs. Behavioral Problem Statements on Solution Quality

Abstract

This experiment explores whether the manner in which a problem is stated to a group influences the nature of the solution. Groups of three, including a discussion leader-member, were asked to develop at least two solutions toward improving output of a circular five-man assembly line. Productivity is limited to the pace of a slow man who must be retained. Many solutions are possible. One solution, rotation, is clearly superior to all others, yet is rarely developed. Leaders were given one of four prepared problem statements to read aloud to their groups prior to 20-minute discussions. The statements differed primarily on a behavioral versus situational dimension. Results indicate that problem statements designed to orient discussion toward situational factors significantly more often cause groups to develop the insightful solution than do behaviorally oriented problem statements. More generally, the results suggest that leader use of basic principles for stating problems can upgrade the quality of the group product.