The Volunteer Subject

ABELES, N. , ISCOE, I. & BROWN, W. F. (1954-55). Some factors influencing the random sampling of college students . Publ. Opin. Quart. 18, 419-423 .

BELL, C. R. (1961). Psychological versus sociological variables in studies of volunteer bias in surveys . J. appl. Psychol. 45, 80-85 .

BELSON, W. A. (1960). Volunteer bias in test room groups . Publ. Opin. Quart. 24, 115-126 .

BLAKE, R. R. , BERKOWITZ, H. , BELLAMY, R. Q. & MOUTON, JANE S. (1956). Volunteering as an avoidance act . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho?. 53, 154-156 .

BROWER, D. (1948). The role of incentive in psychological research . J. gen. Psycho?. 39, 145-147 .

BRUNSWIK, E. (1956). Perception and the representative design of psychological experiments. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press .

CAPRA, P. C. & DITTES, J. E. (1962). Birth order as a selective factor among volunteer subjects . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho?. 64, 302-302 .

COCHRAN, W. G. , MOSTELLER, F. & TUKEY, J. W. (1953). Statistical problems of the Kinsey report . J. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 48, 673-716 .

COFFIN, T. E. (1941). Some conditions of suggestion and suggestibility . Psychol. Monogr. 53, No. 4 (Whole No. 241).

CROWNE, D. P. (1961). The motive for approval: studies in the dynamics of influencibility and stereotypical self-acceptability. Unpublished manuscript, Ohio State University.

DITTES, J. E. (1961). Birth order and vulnerability to differences in acceptance . Amer. Psychologist 16, 358-358 (abstract).

EDGERTON, H. A. , BRITT, S. H. & Norman, R. D. (1947). Objective differences among various types of respondents to a mailed questionnaire . Amer. Sociol. Rev. 4, 435-444 .

FOSTER, R. J. (1961). Acquiescent response set as a measure of acquiescence . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho?. 63, 155-160 .

FREY, A. H. & BECKER, W. C. (1958). Some personality correlates of subjects who fail to appear for experimental appointments . J. consult. Psychol. 22, 164-164 .

FRYE, R. L. & ADAMS, H. E. (1959). Effect of the volunteer variable on leaderless group discussion experiments . Psychol. Rep. 5, 184-184 .

GREENE, E. B. (1937). Abnormal adjustments to experimental situations . Psychol. Bull. 34, 747-748 (abstract).

HEILIZER, F. (1960). An exploration of the relationship between hypnotizability and anxiety and/or neuroticism . J. consult. Psychol. 24, 432-436 .

HIMELSTEIN, P. (1956). Taylor scale characteristics of volunteers and nonvolunteers for psychological experiments . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho!. 52, 138-139 .

HOWE, E. S. (1960). Quantitative motivational differences between volunteers and nonvolunteers for a psychological experiment . J. appl. Psychol. 44, 115-120 .

HYMAN, H. & SHEATSLEY, P. B. (1954). The scientific method. In D. P. Geddes (Ed.), An analysis of the Kinsey reports. New York: New American Library . Pp. 93-118.

LASAGNA, L. & VON FELSINGER, J. M. (1954). The volunteer subject in research . Science 120, 359-361 .

LEIPOLD, W. D. & JAMES, R. L. (1962). Characteristics of shows and no-shows in a pyschological experiment . Psychol. Rep. 11, 171-174 .

LOCKE, H. J. (1954). Are volunteer interviewees representative? Soc.Probl. 1, 143-146 .

LONDON, P. (1961). Subject characteristics in hypnosis research: Part I. A survey of experience, interest, and opinion . Int. J. clin. exper. Hypnosis 9, 151-161 .

LONDON, P., COOPER, L. M. & JOHNSON, H. J. (1961). Subject characteristics in hypnosis research. II: Attitudes towards hypnosis, volunteer status, and personality measures. III: Some correlates of hypnotic susceptibility. Unpublished manuscript, University of Illinois.

LUBIN, B. , LEVITT, E. E. & ZUCKERMAN, M. (1962). Some personality differences between responders and nonresponders to a survey questionnaire . J. consult. Psycho!. 26, 192-192 .

McNEMAR, Q. (1946). Opinion-attitude methodology . Psycho!. Bull. 43, 289-374 .

MARLOWE, D. & CROWNE, D. P. (1961). Social desirability and response to perceived situational demands . J. consult. Psychol. 25, 109-115 .

MARTIN, R. M. & MARCUSE, F. L. (1957). Characteristics of volunteers and nonvolunteers for hypnosis . J. clin. exper. Hypnosis 5, 176-180 .

MARTIN, R. M. & MARCUSE, F. L. (1958). Characteristics of volunteers and nonvolunteers in psychological experimentation . J. consult. Psycho!. 22, 475-479 .

MASLOW, A. H. (1942). Self-esteem (dominance feelings) and sexuality in women . J. soc. Psycho!. 16, 259-293 .

MASLOW, A. H. & SAKODA, J. M. (1952). Volunteer error in the Kinsey study . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho!. 47, 259-262 .

NEWMAN, M. (1957). Personality differences between volunteers and nonvolunteers for psychological investigation: self-actualization of volunteers and non-volunteers for research in personality and perception . Dissert. Abstr. 17, 684-684 (abstract).

NORMAN, R. D. (1948). A review of some problems related to the mail questionnaire technique . Educ. psycho!. Measmt. 8, 235-247 .

PERLIN, S. , POLLIN, W. & BUTLER, R. N. (1958). The experimental subject: 1. The psychiatric evaluation and selection of a volunteer population . A.M.A. Arch Neurol. Psychiat. 80, 65-70 .

POLLIN, W. & PERLIN, S. (1958). Psychiatric evaluation of 'normal control' volunteers . Amer. J. Psychiat. 115, 129-133 .

RICHARDS, T. W. (1960). Personality of subjects who volunteer for research on a drug (mescaline) . J. pro. Tech. 24, 424-428 .

RIECKEN, H. W. (1962). A program for research on experiments in social psychology. In Washburne, N. F. (Ed.), Decisions, values and groups, Vol. II. New York: Pergamon Press . Pp. 25-41.

RIGGS, MARGARET M. & KAESS, W. (1955). Personality differences between volunteers and nonvolunteers . J. Psycho!. 40, 229-245 .

ROSEN, E. (1951). Differences between volunteers and nonvolunteers for psychological studies . J. appl. Psycho!. 35, 185-193 .

ROSENBAUM, M. E. (1956). The effect of stimulus background factors on the volunteering response . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho!. 53, 118-121 .

ROSENBAUM, M. E. & Blake, R. R. (1955). Volunteering as a function of field structure . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho!. 50, 193-196 .

SCHACHTER, S. (1959). The psychology of affiliation. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press; London: Tavistock Publications , 1961.

SCHACHTER, S. & HALL, R. (1952). Group-derived restraints and audience persuasion . Hum. Relat. 5, 397-406 .

SCHEIER, I. H. (1959). To be or not to be a guinea pig: preliminary data on anxiety and the volunteer for experiment . Psycho!. Rep. 5, 239-240 .

SCHUBERT, D. S. P. (1960). Volunteering as arousal seeking . Amer. Psychol. 15, 413-413 (abstract). (Extended report available.)

SIEGMAN, A. (1956). Responses to a personality questionnaire by volunteers and nonvolunteers to a Kinsey interview . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho!. 52, 280-281 .

STAPLES, F. R. & WALTERS, R. H. (1961). Anxiety, birth order and susceptibility to social influence . J. abnorm. soc. Psycho!. 62, 716-719 .

STRICKLAND, BONNIE R. & CROWNE, D. P. (1962). Conformity under conditions of simulated group pressure as a function of the need for social approval . J. soc. Psychol. 58, 171-182 .

WALLIN, P. (1949). Volunteer subjects as a source of sampling bias . Amer. J. Sociol. 54, 539-544 .

WEISS, J. M. , WOLF, A. & WILTSEY, R. G. (1963). Birth order, recruitment conditions, and preferences for participation in group versus non-group experiments . Amer. Psychol. 18, 356-356 (abstract).