The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the eye fixations as they occurred while flying instruments in two panel configurations. The first panel was equipped with vertical moving tape instruments; the second was equipped with round dial instruments. The study was conducted in a MBS Simulator with the flight-characteristics of a high performance jet aircraft. A standardized flight profile was used allowing comparison of both instrument panels across identical representative maneuvers. System performance measurements were taken during scoring periods for which a film record of the pilots' eyes were also taken. Thus the data collected in this study allows an analysis of system performance, eye movements, and the correlation of performance and eye movements for each combination of maneuvers and instrument panels.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
ByfordG. H.The corneoretinal potential in eye movement recording: What does it measure? FPRC Memo 163, Flying Personnel Research Center, England, July, 1961.
2.
ByfordG. H.A simple technique for recording small eye movements. FPRC Memo 162, Flying Personnel Research Center, England, September, 1961.
3.
FittsP. M.JonesR. E.MiltonJ. L.Eye movements of aircraft pilots during instrument landing approaches. Aero. Engng. Review, 1950, IX(2), 1–6.
4.
FittsP. M.JonesR. E.MiltonJ. L.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: III. Frequency, duration, and sequence fixations when flying Air Force Ground Controlled Approach System (GCA). USAF Technical Report No. 5967, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, February, 1950.
5.
HardwickeR. M.PazeraE. E.A study of pilot eye movements during visual flight conditions in army fixed-wing liaison-reconnaissance-type aircraft. Technical Development Report No. 389, Federal Aviation Agency, Indianapolis, Indiana, March, 1959.
6.
JonesR. E.MiltonJ. L.FittsP. M.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: I. A review of prior-eye-movement studies and a description of a technique for recording the frequency, duration, and sequences of eye fixations during instrument flight. USAF Technical Report No. 5837, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, September, 1949.
7.
JonesR. E.MiltonJ. L.FittsP. M.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: IV. Frequency, duration and sequence of fixation during routine instrument flight. USAF Technical Report No. 5975, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, December, 1949.
8.
KrisE. C.A technique for electrically recording eye position. USAF Technical Report No. 58-660, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, December, 1958.
9.
MackworthJ. F.MackworthN. H.Eye fixations recorded on changing visual scenes by the television eye-marker. FPRC Report 1032, Flying Personnel Research Center, England, January, 1958.
10.
MiltonJ. L.JonesR. E.FittsP. M.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: II. Frequency, duration, and sequence of fixations when flying the USAF Instrument Lour Approach System (ILAS). USAF Technical Report No. 5839, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, October, 1949.
11.
MiltonJ. L.JonesR. E.FittsP. M.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: V. Frequency, duration and sequence of fixations when flying selected maneuvers during instrument and visual flight conditions. USAF Technical Report No. 6018, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, August, 1950.
12.
MiltonJ. L.McIntoshB. B.ColeE. L.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: VI. Fixations during day and night ILAS approaches using an experimental panel arrangement. USAF Technical Report No. 6570, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, October, 1951.
13.
MiltonJ. L.McIntoshB. B.ColeE. L.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: VII. Fixations during day and night GCA approaches. USAF Technical Report No. 6709, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, February, 1952.
14.
MiltonJ. L.WolfeF. J.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: VIII. Fixations during zero reader approaches in a jet aircraft. USAF Technical Report No. 52-17, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, February, 1952.
15.
MiltonJ. L.McIntoshB. B.ColeE. L.Eye fixations of aircraft pilots: IX. Koutine maneuvers under day and night conditions using an experimental panel arrangement. USAF Technical Report No. 53-220, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, March, 1954.
16.
OdehR. E.OldsE. G.Notes on the analysis of variance of logarithms of variance. USAF Technical Noter 59-82, Wright Air Development Center, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, March 1959.
