An Evaluation of the Relationship Between Medication Regimen Complexity as Measured by the MRC-ICU to Medication Errors in Critically Ill Patients

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between medication regimen complexity-intensive care unit (MRC-ICU) score at 24 hours and medication errors identified throughout the ICU. Methods: A single-center, observational study was conducted from August to October 2021. The primary outcome was the association between MRC-ICU at 24 hours and total medication errors identified. During the prospective component, ICU pharmacists recorded medication errors identified over an 8-week period. During the retrospective component, the electronic medical record was reviewed to collect patient demographics, outcomes, and MRC-ICU score at 24 hours. The primary outcome of the relationship of MRC-ICU at 24 hours to medication errors was assessed using Pearson correlation. Results: A total of 150 patients were included. There were 2 pharmacists who recorded 634 errors during the 8-week study period. No significant relationship between MRC-ICU and medication errors was observed (r² = .13, P = .11). Exploratory analyses of MRC-ICU relationship to major interventions and harm scores showed that MRC-ICU scores >10 had more major interventions (27 vs 14, P = .27) and higher harm scores (15 vs 7, P = .33), although these values were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Medication errors appear to occur independently of medication regimen complexity. Critical care pharmacists were responsible for mitigating a large number of medication errors.