Five mood thermometers were developed for measuring self-reported tension, confusion, anger, fatigue, and depression among adolescents by using numerical estimation to create adjectives and then subjecting the results to Thurstone scaling. Use of the instrument three times in an exercise study along with the Profile of Mood States provided data for intercorrelations and factor analyses yielding evidence of the reliability and validity of the thermometers as a measure of mood state.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Gondola, J. C. and Tuckman, B. W. (1982). Psychological mood state in "average" marathon runners. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 55, 1295-1300.
2.
Hettena, C. M. and Ballif, B. L. (1981). Effects of mood on learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73, 505-508.
3.
McNair, D. M. , Lorr, M., and Droppleman, L. F. (1973). Profile of Mood States. San Diego: Educational & Industrial Testing Service.
4.
Spielberger, C. D. , Goruch, R. L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., and Jacobs. G. A. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y). Palo Alto, CA.: Consulting Psychologists Press.
5.
Zajonc, R. B. (1980). Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences. American Psychologist, 35, 151-175.