The past decade has seen a significant in- crease in the clinical and educational use of manual signs, gestures, and mime with autis- tic, retarded, aphasic, and other individuals with severe communication disorders. Such unaided systems1 have been found to be effective as a temporary means of communi- cation until such time as vocal communication can be established as the principal means of communication for individuals who are unable to produce spoken communication, and in some cases as a facilitator of the de- velopment of spoken communication. A review of the literature shows an in- creasing number of journal articles, chapters, and books on this topic. Presentations at the annual conventions of the American Association on Mental Deficiency (AAMD), Ameri- can Psychological Association (APA), Ameri- can Speech and Hearing Association (ASHA), and the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) also reflect increased professional in- terest in nonspeech communication.
AbkarianG. G., & BrownS. R.An adventitiously nonverbal child: ASL as a transitional step. Asha, 1978, 20, 760, [Α].
3.
AbramsP.Simultaneous Language Program for Non-verbal Pre-school Children. Chicago, Dysfunctioning Child Center, Michael Reese Medical Center, 1975.
4.
Adam Developmental Center Speech and Hearing DepartmentJ. N.Symbols are Bliss. Asha, 1977, 19, 104.
5.
AdlerE. P.Severely handicapped and multiply disabled deaf adults. Journal of Rehabili-tation of the Deaf, 1971, 4(3), 96–100.
6.
AlajouanineT., & LhermitteF.Non-verbal communication in aphasia. In DeReuckA.V.S. & O'ConnorM. (Eds.), Disorders of Language. London: J. & A. Churchill, 1964.
7.
AlarconM. M.The effects of signed speech on the development of oral language in noncommunicative autistic children. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of New Orleans, 1977.
8.
AlpertC. L., & RuderK. F.Determining the preferred nonverbal language mode of autistic-like children. Asha, 1978, 20, 746, [A].
9.
Amerind Dictionary, Part One: Action Words. Kenosha, Wis. Speech & Hearing Program, Columbus Special Education Center, 1977.
10.
Amerind Sign: Gestural Communication for the Speechless. A series of four videotapes (VC 1 PT. 1-PT. 4). St. Louis, MO.: Veterans Administra-tion Hospital Learning Resources Center, 1974.
11.
Amerind Video Dictionary. (VC 76 PT. 1-PT. 3). St. Louis, MO.: Veterans Administration Hospital Learning Resources Center, 1975.
12.
AndreasJ., BellD., BentleyJ., BuckG., & KleeD.Let Your Fingers Do the Talking: A Teach-ing Manual for Use with Non-Verbal Retardates. Sonyea, N.Y.: Department of Communication Disorders and Education and Training, Craig Developmental Center, 1975. (ERIC Docu-ment Reproduction Service, No. ED 121034)
AnthonyD.The Seeing Essential English Manual. Greeley, Colo.: The University of Northern Colorado Bookstore, 1974.
15.
AnthonyD. A., & Associates (Eds.). Seeing Essential English. Anaheim, Calif.: Educational Services Division. Anaheim Union High School District, 1971.
16.
AntunesK.The effect of the presence of manual signs on a paired-associates learning task. Unpublished Master's thesis, Purdue University, 1978.
17.
AntunesK., & FristoeM.Manual signs as mediators in a paired-associates learning task. Asha, 1978, 20, 822, [Α].
18.
ArndtM., & YossK. A.Onset of speech facilitated by signing with an autistic child. Asha, 1978, 20, 798, [Α].
19.
BabbiniB. E.An Introductory Course in Manual Communication: Fingerspelling and Language of Signs. Northridge, Calif. San Fernando Valley State College, 1965.
20.
BabbiniB. E.Manual Communication: Fingerspelling and the Language of Signs: A Course of Study Outline. (Two volumes, one for in-structors, one for students.) Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1971.
21.
BadyJ. A., & SilvermanF. H.A videotape approach to teaching interpretation of Amerind signs. Asha, 1978, 20, 760, [Α].
22.
BadyJ., & SilvermanF. H.A videotape approach to teaching interpretation of Amerind signs. Perceptual and Motor Skills, in press.
23.
BalickS., SpeigelD., & GreenG.Mime in language therapy and clinician training. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilita-tion, 1976, 57, 35–38.
24.
BarnesS. v.d. H.The use of sign language as a technique for language acquisition in autistic children: An applied model bridging verbal and non-verbal theoretical systems. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. California School of Professional Psychology, San Francisco, 1973.
25.
BaronN., IsenseeL., & DavisA.Iconicity and learnability: Teaching sign language to autistic children. A paper presented at the 2nd Boston University Conference on Language Development, September-October, 1977, 10–11 [A].
26.
BattisonR.Some observations of sign languages, semantics, and aphasia. Unpublished manuscript, University of California, San Diego, 1971.
27.
BattisonR. & MarkowiczH.Sign aphasia and neurolinguistic theory. Unpublished manuscript, Linquistics Research Lab, Gallaudet College, Washington, D.C., 1974.
28.
BattisonR., MarkowiczH., & WoodwardJ.A good rule of thumb: Variable phonology in American Sign Language. In ShuyR. & FasoldR. (Eds.), Analyzing Variation in Language. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 1975.
29.
BellugiU.Studies in sign language. In O'RourkeT. J. (Ed.), Psycholinguistics and Total Communication, The State of Art. Washington, D.C.: American Annuals of the Deaf, 1972, pp. 68–84, Chap. 7.
30.
BellugiU., & FischerS.A comparison of sign language and spoken language. Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 1972, 1, 173–200.
31.
BellugiU., & KlimaE. S.The roots of language in the sign talk of the deaf. Psychology Today, 1972, 6(1), 60–64, 76.
32.
BellugiU., & KlimaE. S.Aspects of sign language and its structure. In KavanaghJ. F. & CuttingJ. E. (Eds.), The Role of Speech in Language. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1975, pp. 171–203.
33.
BellugiU., & KlimaE.Two faces of sign: Iconic and abstract. In HarnadS. R. (Ed.), Origins and Evolution of Language and Speech. New York: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 280, 1976, pp. 514–538.
BenaroyaS., WesleyS., OgilvieH., KleinL. S., & MeaneyM.Sign language and multisensory input training of children with communication and related developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1977, 7, 23–31.
36.
BenderM., & ValletuhiP. J. (with Bender, R.). Communication skills. In BenderM. and ValletuhiP. J. (Eds.), Teaching the Moderately and Severely Handicapped: Curriculum Objectives, Strategies, and Activities (Vol. II). Baltimore: University Park Press, 1976.
37.
BergerS.A clinical program for developing multimodal language responses with atypical deaf children. In McLeanJ. E., YoderD. E., & SchiefelbuschR. L. (Eds.), Language Intervention with the Retarded: Developing Strategies. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1972.
38.
BergerS. L.Systematic development of communication modes: Establishment of a multiple-response repertoire for noncommunicating deaf children. Report of the Proceedings of the 45th Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (Little Rock, Arkansas, Arkansas School for the Deaf, June 1971). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1972.
39.
BergesJ., & LezircI.The Imitation of Gestures. London: Spastics Society, 1965.
40.
BeukelmanD. R., & YorkstonK. M.Quantification of nonvocal communication performance. Asha, 1978, 20, 759, [Α].
41.
BinnieC. A., & ReynoldsB. W.The Danish mouth-hand-system for hearing-impaired adults. Asha, 1978, 20, 804, [Α].
42.
BlascoeM. O.Autistic echolalia reduction and language acquisition through total communication. Asha, 1978, 20, 746, [Α].
43.
BonvillianJ. D., & FriedmanR. J.Language development in another mode: The acquisition of signs by a brain-damaged adult. Sign Language Studies, 1978, 19, 111–120.
44.
BonvillianJ. D., & NelsonK. E.Sign language acquisition in a mute autistic boy. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1976, 41, 339–347.
45.
BonvillianJ. D., & NelsonK.Development of sign language in autistic children and other language-handicapped individuals. In SipleP. (Ed.), Understanding Language Through Sign Language Research. New York: Academic Press, 1978.
46.
BoothT.Early receptive language training for the severely and profoundly retarded. Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 1978, 9, 151–154.
47.
BornsteinH. A.A description of some current syntax systems designed to represent English. American Annals of the Deaf, 1973, 118, 454–463.
48.
BornsteinH.Signed English: A manual approach to English Language development. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1974, 39, 330–343.
49.
BornsteinH. et al. Gallaudet Signed English Series (Many titles are available from Gallaudet College Press, 7th and Florida Avenue, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20002).
50.
BornsteinH., & HamiltonL.Recent National Dictionaries of Signs, Sign Language Studies, 1972, 1, 42–63.
51.
BornsteinH., & HamiltonL. B.Signed English. In TebbsT. (Coordinator), Ways and Means. Houndsmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Globe Education, 1978.
52.
BornsteinH., HamiltonL. B., SaulnierK. L., & RoyH. L.Signed English Dictionary for Pre-School and Elementary Levels. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet College Press, 1975.
53.
BornsteinH., KannapellB. M., SaulnierK. L., HamiltonL. B., & RoyH. L.Basic Pre-School Signed English Dictionary. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet College Press, 1973.
54.
BornsteinH., SaulnierK. L., & HamiltonL. B.A Guide to the Selection and Use of the Teaching Aids of the Signed English System. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet College Press, 1976.
55.
BowlerD. M.The development of gestural imitation in infants and its significance for communication in the handicapped. Unpublished manuscript, Thomas Coram Research Unit, University of London, 1978.
56.
BradyD. O.The effects of simultaneous treatments for language acquisition in an autistic child. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma, 1975.
57.
Brenn-WhiteB.The LADSE SCPI manual: simultaneous communication-Peer interaction method for moderately to severely handicapped students. La Grange, Ill.: La Grange Area Department of Special Education, 1978.
58.
BrickerD. D.Imitative sign training as a facilitator of word-object association with low func-tioning children. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1972, 76, 509–516.
59.
BrockM. S., & GardnerJ. O.Advantages of using sign language with nonverbal hearing children. Asha, 1978, 20, 746, [Α].
60.
BronowskiJ., & BellugiU.Language, name, and concept. Science, 1970, 168, 669–673.
61.
BrooknerS. P., & MurphyN. O.The use of a total communication approach with a non-deaf child: A case study. Language, Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 1975, 6, 131–139.
62.
BrownG. E., La RoeG., & NewmanP.From self-stimulation to pre-vocational training-A total program for autistic children. Paper presented at the 55th Annual International Convention of the Council for Exceptional Children, Atlanta, April 1977. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 139176 EC 100751).
63.
BrownR.Why are signed languages easier to learn than spoken languages?-Part Two. Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1978, 32(3), 25–44. (An extension of a keynote address presented at the National Association of the Deaf Symposium, Chicago, June 1977.)
64.
BurnettG. E.Nonverbal communication skills in deaf and autistic children. Unpublished master's thesis, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 1978.
65.
BurrowsN. L., & LloydL. L.Programming considerations for the deaf-retarded. Report of the Proceedings of the 45th Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (Little Rock, Ark., Arkansas School for the Deaf, June 1971). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1972.
CaccamiseF. (Guest Editor) Sign language and simultaneous communication: Linguistic, psychological, and instructional ramifications. American Annals of the Deaf. 1978, 123, (7) (Special Issue).
68.
CaccamiseF., & NorrisC.Food in Signs. Eureka, Calif.: Alinda Press, 1974. (There are three other primers in coloring book form in this series on Animals, Home, and Community.)
69.
CaccamiseF., & NorrisC.Code Book: Sign Language for Messages to and from Deaf People. Eureka, Calif.: Alinda Press, 1975.
70.
California State Education Department, Southwestern Region Deaf-Blind Center. Learning Steps: A Handbook for Persons Working with Deaf-blind Children in Residential Settings. Sacramento: California State Education De-partment, 1976.
71.
Campbell-JonesS. (Producer). The first signs of Washoe (NOVA series). Distributed by WGBH-TV, 125 Western Avenue, Boston, Mass. 02134, 1974.
72.
CarlsonF., HarlanN. T., JamesC. A., & LeachE.Application of non-oral communication. Asha, 1978, 20, 731–732, [Α].
73.
CarrE. G.Teaching autistic children to use sign language: Some research issues. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, in press.
74.
CarrE. G., BinkoffJ. A., KologinskyE., & EddyM.Acquisition of sign language by autistic children; I: Expressive labelling. Reprinted from Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1978, 11, (4), 489–501.
CaseyL.Development of communicative behavior in autistic children: A parent program using signed speech. Devereux Forum, 1977, 12(1), 1–15.
77.
CaseyL. O.Development of communicative behavior in autistic children: A parent program using manual signs. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1978, 8, 45–59.
78.
Catalog of Captioned Films for the Deaf: Theatrical Films and Educational Films for Adults. Washington, D.C.: Captioned Films for the Deaf Distribution Center of the Conference of Executives of American Schools for the Deaf, Inc., c. 1976. (Includes films giving manual communication training and practice.)
79.
CharlipR., MillerM. B., & AnconaG.Handtalk: An ABC of Fingerspelling and Sign Language. New York: Parents' Magazine Press, 1974.
80.
ChenL. Y."Talking hand" for aphasic patients. Geriatrics, 1968, 23, 145–148.
81.
ChenL. Y.Manual communication by combined alphabet and gestures. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 1971, 52, 381–384.
82.
ChesterS. L., & EgolfD. B.Nonverbal communication and aphasia therapy. Asha, 1972, 14, [Α].
83.
ClarkC. R., & GrecoJ. A.MELDS Glossary of Rebuses and Signs. Minneapolis: Research, Development, and Demonstration Center in Education of Handicapped Children, University of Minnesota, 1973.
84.
ClarkT. A.American Sign Language and the recently devised sign systems. Asha, 1976, 18, 590, [Α].
CohenE., NamirL., & SchlesingerI. M.A New Dictionary of Sign Language. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, Besprechungsabteilung, 1977.
87.
CohenL. K.Communication Aids for the Brain Damaged Adult. Minneapolis: Sister Kenny Institute, 1976.
88.
CokelyD. R., & GawlikR.A position paper on the relationship between manual English and sign. The Deaf American, May, 1973, 7, 7–11.
89.
ConlinD., & PaivioA.The associative learning of the deaf: The effects of word imagery and sign-ability. Memory & Cognition, 1975, 3, 335–340.
90.
CornettR. O.Cued speech. American Annals of the Deaf, 1967, 112, 3–13.
91.
CornettR. O.Cued speech and oralism. Audiology and Hearing Education, September1975, 1(1), 26; 28–29; 32–34.
92.
CornforthA. R. T., JohnstonK., & WalkerM.Makaton Vocabulary: Teaching sign language to the deaf mentally handicapped. Apex, June 1974, 2(1), 23–24.
93.
CouchJ. B.Differential cerebral hemispheric information processing in gestural-communicating deaf subjects. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma, 1977.
94.
CoxJ. Z., & BertramP. M.Using signed English to expand the expressive language of TMI students. Asha, 1978, 20, 814, [Α].
CraigE.The Paget-Gorman Sign System A report of the research project (1970-73). Unpublished paper, Department of Linguistic Science, University of Reading, England, c. 1973.
97.
CraigE.Introducing the Paget-Gorman Sign System. In TebbsT. (Coordinator), Ways and Means. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Globe Education, 1978.
98.
CreedonM. P. (Ed.). Appropriate Behavior Through Communication: A New Program in Simultaneous Language for Non-Verbal Children, (2nd ed.), Chicago, Ill.: Dysfunctioning Child Center, Michael Reese Medical Center, 1975. (See chapters by Candy Haight and Candy H. Smith.)
99.
CrystalD., & CraigE.Contrived sign language. In SchlesingerI. M. & NamirL. (Eds.), Sign Language of the Deaf: Psychological, Linguistic, and Sociological Perspectives. New York: Aca-demic Press, 1978.
100.
CoxJ. Z., & BertramP. M.Using signed English to expand the expressive language of TMI students. Asha, 1978, 20, 814, [Α].
101.
DartnallN. A.Manual sign training as an aid to language learning by autistic children. Journal of Childhood Communication Disorders, in press.
102.
DavisA.The Language of Signs: A Handbook for Manual Communication with the Deaf. New York: Executive Council of the Episcopal Church, 1966.
103.
DayanM., HarperB., MolloyJ. S., & WittB. Т.Communication for the Severely and Profoundly Handicapped. Denver: Love Publishing, 1977.
104.
DeverR. B.Discussion summary - Nonspeech communication. In SchiefelbuschR. L. & LloydL. L. (Eds.), Language Perspectives-Acquisition, Retardation, and Intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1974.
105.
DixonB. L., & PolancihM. R.An alternative communication program: AUTO-COM instruction integrated with signed English. Asha, 1978, 20, 831, [Α].
106.
Donnellan-WalshA., GossageL. D., LaVignaG. W., SchulerA., & TraphagenJ. D.Implementing teaching procedures. In Teaching Makes a Difference: A Guide for Developing Classes for Autistic and Other Severely Handicapped Children (Teachers Manual). Santa Barbara, Calif.: Santa Barbara County School, 1976. (a)
107.
Donnellan-WalshA.GossageL. D., LaVignaG. W., SchulerA., & TraphagenJ. D.Issues in teaching communicative skills. In Teaching Makes a Difference: A Guide for Developing Classes for Autistic and Other Severely Handicapped Children (Teachers Manual). Santa Barbara, Calif.: Santa Barbara County Schools, 1976. (b)
108.
Donnellan-WalshA.GossageL. D., LaVignaG. W., SchulerA., & TraphagenJ. D.Teaching Makes a Difference: A Guide for Developing Classes for Autistic and Other Severely Handicapped Children (Teachers Manual). Santa Barbara, Calif.: Santa Barbara County School, 1976. (c)
109.
DuffyJ. R., WattJ., & DuffyR. J.Deficits of nonverbal communication in aphasic patients: A test of some current causal theories. In BrookshireR. H. (Ed.), Clinical Aphasiology: Conference Proceedings. Minneapolis: BRK Publishers, 1978.
110.
DuffyR. J., & DuffyJ. R.The relationships among deficits in pantomime recognition, pantomime expression, and aphasia. Asha, 1978, 20, 751, [Α].
111.
DuffyR. J., DuffyJ. R., & PearsonK. L.Impairment of gestural ability in aphasics. Asha, 1973, 16, 432, [Α].
112.
DuffyR. J., DuffyJ. R., & PearsonK. L.Pantomime recognition in aphasics. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1975, 18, 115–132.
113.
DuffyR. J., LilesB. Z., & BisantzJ.Implications of nonverbal communication deficits for a theory of aphasia. Asha, 1976, 18, 620, [A].
114.
DuffyR. J., & McEwenW. J.An investigation of gestural sign and symbol processing in aphasics. Asha, 1975, 17, 613, [Α].
115.
DuncanJ. L., & SilvermanF. H.Impacts of learning American Indian Sign Language on mentally retarded children: A preliminary report. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 1977, 44, 1138.
116.
DuncanJ. L., & SilvermanF. H.Impacts of learning Amerind sign language on mentally retarded children. In AndrewsJ. R. & BurnsM. S. (Eds.), Remediation of Language Disorders. Evanston, Ill.: Institute for Continuing Professional Education, 1978.
117.
EaglesonH. M., VaughnR., & KnudsonA. В.Hand signals for dysphasia. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 1970, 51, 111–113.
118.
EganJ. J., AnthonyG. M., & HonkeL. E. Joan. A case study of manual language with a severe cerebral palsied dysarthric. Asha, 1976, 18, 588, [Α].
119.
EgolfD. B., & ChesterS. L.Nonverbal communication and the disorders of speech and language. Asha, 1973, 15, 511–518.
120.
EllsworthS., & KotkinR.If only Jimmy could speak. Hearing and Speech Action, 1975, 43 (6), 6–10.
121.
Elwyn Institute. Signs for Everyday: Books 1 and 2. Elwyn Institute, c. 1975.
122.
EnglishS. T., & PruttingC. A.Teaching American Sign Language to a normally hearing infant with tracheostenosis: A case study. Clinical Pediatrics, 1975, 14, 1141–1145.
123.
Everything you always wanted to know about sign systems-Panel Discussion. Asha, 1976, 18, 590, [Α].
124.
FalbergR. M.The Language of Silence. Wichita, Kans.: Wichita Social Services for the Deaf, 1963.
125.
FantL. J., Jr. Say It with Hands. Washington, D.C.: American Annals of the Deaf, 1964.
126.
FantL. J., Jr. Ameslan: An Introduction to American Sign Language. Silver Spring, Md.: National Association for Deaf, 1972.
127.
FennG.The development of syntax in a group of severely subnormal children. Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, University of Cambridge, 1973.
128.
FennG., & RoweJ. A.An experiment in manual communication. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 1975, 10, 3–16.
129.
The first signs of Washoe. Film produced by SimonCampbell-Jones and distributed by WGBH-TV, 125 Western Avenue, Boston, Mass., 1974.
130.
FitchJ. L.Treatment of a case of cerebral palsy with hearing impairment. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1972, 37, 373–378.
131.
FosterE.Programmed Vocabulary Workbook for Multiply Handicapped Deaf Children. Indianapolis: Indiana School for the Deaf, 1971.
132.
FosterE.Programmed Language Workbooks for Multiply Handicapped Deaf Children. Indianapolis: Indiana School for the Deaf, 1972.
133.
FosterE., LevyJ., & CullisonS.Learning Activities for Multiply Handicapped Deaf Children. Indianapolis: Indiana School for the Deaf, 1972. (Two booklets identified as Parts 1 and 2.)
134.
FoutsR. S.Acquisition and testing of gestural signs in four young chimpanzees. Science, 1973, 180, 978–980.
135.
FoutsR. S.Comparative psychology: Language in chimpanzees and children. Asha, 1976, 18, 579, [Α].
136.
FoutsR. S.From chimpanzees to children: Implications and applications for language intervention. Asha, 1978, 20, 770, [A].
137.
FoutsR. S.The use of guidance in teaching sign language to a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 1972, 80, 515–522.
138.
FoutsR. S., CouchJ. B., & O'NeilC. R.Strategies for primate language training. In SchiefelbushR. L. & HollisJ. H. (Eds.), Language Intervention From Ape to Child. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1979. (Paper presented at the Conference on Non-speech Communication, Gulf Shores, Ala., March, 1977.)
139.
FoutsR. S., ShapiroG., & O'NeilC.Studies of linguistic behaviors in apes and children. In SipleP. (Ed.), Understanding Language Through Sign Language Research. New York: Academic Press, 1978.
140.
FreimanR.Using pantomime therapy with aphasics. Unpublished master's thesis, Herbert H. Lehman College, 1977.
141.
FriedmanL. (Ed.). On the Other Hand: New Perspectives on American Sign Language. New York: Academic Press, 1977.
142.
FrishbergN.Arbitrariness and iconicity: Historical change in American Sign Language. Language, 1975, 51, 676–710.
143.
FristoeM.Language Intervention Systems for the Retarded: A Catalog of Original Structured Language Programs in Use in the U.S.Montgomery, Ala. Alabama Department of Education, 1975. (Order from Language Inter-vention Systems for the Retarded, L. B. Wallace Developmental Center, P.O. Box 2224, Decatur, Ala. 35601. This resource lists training programs using manual communication and systems developed to teach manual communication to the retarded.)
144.
FristoeM.Language intervention for the retarded: Findings of a national survey. Asha, 1976, 18, 622, [Α].
145.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Effects on learning of instructed use of manual signs. Asha, 1979, 21, 792, [Α].
146.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Effects of the presence of manual signs in a delayed paired associates learning task. Manuscript in preparation.
147.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.A first sign lexicon for non-speaking severely/profoundly impaired individuals, based on cognitive and psycholinguistic considerations. Paper presented at the 11th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research in Mental Retardation, March 1978.
148.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.A first sign lexicon for non-speaking severely/profoundly impaired individuals based on cognitive and psycholinguistic considerations. Paper presented to the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association on Mental Deficiency, Miami, Fla., May 1979.
149.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Functional sign vocabularies used in sign communication training with persons having severe communication impairment. Manuscript submitted for publication.
150.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Language Intervention Systems: A Clinical and Educational Guide. Baltimore: University Park Press, in preparation.
151.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Manual communication for the retarded and others with severe communication impairment: A resource list. Mental Retardation, 1977, 15, 18–21.
152.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Nonspeech communication. In EllisN. R. (Ed.), Handbook of Mental Deficiency: Psychological Theory and Research. (2nd ed.) New York: Earlbaum Associates, 1979, pp. 104–130, Chap. 11.
153.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Non-speech communication: Systems and symbols. A 3-hour seminar presented at the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association on Mental Deficiency, Denver, Colo., May 1978.
154.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Planning an initial expressive sign lexicon for persons with severe communication impairment. Manuscript submitted for publication. (A revision of the 1978 Gatlinburg and 1979 AAMD presentations.)
155.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.Signs used in manual communication training with persons having severe communication impairment. AAESPH Review, 1979, 4, in press.
156.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.A survey of the use of non-speech systems with the severely communication impaired. Mental Retardation, 1978, 16(2), 99–103.
157.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.The use of manual communication with the retarded. Invited paper presented at the 10th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research in Mental Retardation, March 10, 1977. (An extensive revision and expansion will be published in N. R. Ellis (Ed.), Handbook of Mental Deficiency, New York: Earlbaum Assoc., 1979.)
158.
FristoeM., & LloydL. L.The use of manual communication with the retarded. A paper presented at the convention of the Council for Exceptional Children, Chicago, 1976.
159.
FristoeM., LloydL. L., & WilburR. B.Non-speech communication: Systems and symbols. Asha, 1977, 19, 541–542, [Α]. (A Short Course presented at the 52nd Annual Convention of the American Speech and Hearing Association, Chicago, November 1977.)
160.
FulwilerR. L., & FoutsR. S.Acquisition of American Sign Language by a noncommunicating autistic child. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1976, 6, 43–51.
161.
FurthH. G.A psychologist's view on the slow learning deaf child. Report of the Proceedings of the 40th Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (Oregon School for the Deaf, Salem1961). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1962, pp. 189–196.
162.
GainottiG., & LemmoM. A.Comprehension of symbolic gesture in aphasia. Brain and Language, 1976, 3, 451–460.
163.
GardnerR. A., & GardnerB. T.Early signs of language in child and chimpanzee. Science, 1975, 187, 752–753. (Reprinted in R. L. Schiefelbusch and J. H. Hollis (Eds.), Language Intervention From Ape to Child. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1979.) (a)
164.
GardnerR. A., & GardnerB. T.Teaching sign language to a chimpanzee. Science, 1969, 165, 664–672. (Reprinted in R. L. Schiefelbusch and J. H. Hollis (Eds.), Language Intervention From Ape to Child. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1979.) (b)
165.
Gestures help the retarded, Dialogue, 1975, 6 (3), 1, 4.
166.
GitlisK. R.Rationale and precedents for the use of simultaneous communication as an alternate system of communication for non-verbal children. Asha, 1975, 50, 667, [Α].
167.
GoehlH.Applicability of work with chimpanzees to treatment of language disorders. Asha, 1978, 20, 746, [Α].
168.
GoldM. W., & RittenhouseR. K.Task analysis for teaching eight practical signs to deaf-blind individuals. Teaching Exceptional Children, 1978, 10, 34–37.
169.
GoldojarbM. F.The use of video confrontation in teaching AMERIND to adult aphasics. Asha, 1976, 18, 592, [Α].
170.
GoldsteinH., & CameronH.New method of communication for the aphasic patient. Arizona Medicine, 1952, 8, 17–21.
171.
GoodglassH., & KaplanE.Disturbances of gesture and pantomime in aphasiaBrain, 1963, 86, 703–720.
172.
GoodmanL., WilsonP. S., & BornsteinH.Results of a national survey of sign language programs in special education. Mental Retardation, 1978, 16(2), 104–106.
173.
GoodmanL., WilsonP. S., & BornsteinH.Sign system questionnaire report. Report of an ad hoc committee of the Division of Speech Pathology and Audiology presented at the 101st annual convention of the American Association of Mental Deficiency, New Orleans, May 1977. (Partially published as Goodman, et al., 1978)
174.
GrahamL. W.Language programming and intervention. In LloydL. L. (Ed.), Communication Assessment and Intervention Strategies. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1976.
175.
GreccoR. V.Manual language program. Mansfield Depot, Conn.: Mansfield Training School, 1972.
176.
GreenL. C.Acquisition of words vs signs in receptive language therapy with severely retarded, institutionalized children. Asha, 1975, 50, 668, [Α].
Green-SmithJ. W.Teaching sign language to a non-verbal Moebius Syndrome child. Asha, 1978, 20, 760, [Α].
179.
GriffithP. L.Sign systems for non-verbal handicapped persons: What teachers need to know. Journal of Childhood Communication Disorders, in press.
180.
GriffithP. L., & RobinsonJ. H.Iconicity and phonological similarity upon sign learning in retarded learners. Asha, 1979, 21, 782, [A].
181.
GrinnellM., DetamoreK., & LippkeB.Sign it successful-manual English encourages expressive communication. Teaching Exceptional Children, 1976, 8, 123–124.
182.
GrosjeanF.A study of timing in a manual and spoken language: American Sign Language and English. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 1979, 8, 379–405.
183.
GuessD., SailorW., & BaerD. M.A behavioral-remedial approach to language training for the severely handicapped. In SontagE., SmithJ., & CertoN. (Eds.), Educational Programming for the Severely and Profoundly Handicapped. Reston, Va.: Division on Mental Retardation, CEC, 1977.
GustasonG., & RosenR.Effective sign communication for instructional purposes: Manual English and American Sign Language. Report of the Proceedings of the 47th Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (Greensboro, N.C., Royal Villa Hotel, June 1975). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975, pp. 455–461.
186.
GuyetteT. W.Functional workshop sign manual for developmentally disabled adults. Missoula, Mont.: The Easter Seal Society for Crippled Children and Adults of Montana, 1978.
187.
HaagR. F.A residential program for deaf multi-handicapped children. American Annals of the Deaf, 1978, 123, 475–478.
188.
HaightC.Modification of signs to maximize the learning of concepts. In CreedonM. P. (Ed.), Appropriate Behavior Through Communication: A New Program in Simultaneous Language. Chicago: Dysfunctioning Child Center, Michael Reese Medical Center, 1975, pp. 75–84.
189.
HallS. M., & TalkingtonL. W.Evaluation of a coordinated programming effort for deaf retarded. Journal of Rehabilitation of the Deaf, 1973, 6(3), 41–45.
190.
HallS. M., & TalkingtonL. W.Evaluation of a manual approach to programming for deaf retarded. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1970, 65, 378–380.
191.
HallS. M., & TalkingtonL. W.Learning by doing: A unit approach for deaf retarded. Mental Retardation Research Series, No. 18, November 1970.
192.
HallS. M., & TalkingtonL. W.The Redwood Project. Mental Retardation Research Series, No. 20, November 1970.
193.
HallS. M., & TalkingtonL. W.The Redwood project. Training School Bulletin, 1972, 69, 10–12.
194.
HansonW. R.Measuring gestural communication in a brain-injured adult. Asha, 1976, 18, 655, [A].
195.
HarrisT. L.The language spectrum: Using total communication with the severely handicapped. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 1978, 13, 85–89.
196.
HayesH. T. P.The pursuit of reason. The New York Times Magazine, June 12, 1977.
197.
HelfrichK. R.Total communication with an oral apractic child. Asha, 1976, 18, 676, [A].
198.
HenegarM. E., & CornettR. O.Cued speech: Handbook for parents. Washington, D.C.: Cued Speech Program, Gallaudet College, 1971.
199.
HinermanM. P. S., WalkerG. R., & JensonW. R.Manual communication as a language mediator with an autistic boy. Asha, 1979, 21, 780, [Α].
200.
HinkleC.We Have Hands: A Teaching Manual for Those Concerned With Our Deaf. Greeneville, Tenn.: Green Valley Developmental Center, 1974.
201.
HobsonP. A., & DuncanP.Sign learning and profoundly retarded people. Mental Retardation, 1979, 17(1), 33–37.
202.
HoemannH. W. (Ed.). Improved Techniques for Communications: A Training Manual for Use with Severely Handicapped Deaf Clients. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University, 1970.
203.
HoemannH. W.The transparency of meaning of sign language gestures. Sign Language Studies, 1975, 7, 151–161.
204.
HoemannH. W.The American Sign Language: Lexical and Grammatical Notes with Translation Exercises. Silver Spring, Md.: National Association for the Deaf, 1976.
205.
HoemannH. W.Communicating with Deaf People: A Resource Manual for Teachers and Students of American Sign Language. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1978.
206.
HoemannH. W., & HoemannS. A.Sign Language Flash Cards. Silver Spring, Md.: National Association for the Deaf, 1976. (This material, in perforated book form, re-places the 1973 Sign Language Flash Cards.)
207.
HoemannS. A.Children's Sign Language Playing Cards. Silver Spring, Md.: National Association for the Deaf, 1973.
208.
HoffmeisterR. J., & FarmerA.The development of manual sign language in mentally retarded deaf individuals. Journal of Rehabilitation of the Deaf, 1972, 6, 19–26.
209.
HoffmeisterR. J., GoodhartW. C., & DworskiS.Symbolic gestural behavior in deaf and hearing children. Asha, 1978, 20, 762, [Α].
210.
HollanderF. M., & JuhrsP. D.Orff-Schulwerk, an effective treatment tool for autistic children. Journal of Music Therapy, 1974, 11, 1–12.
211.
HollisJ. H., & CarrierJ. K., Jr. Research implications for communication deficiencies. Exceptional Children, 1975, 41, 405–412.
212.
HollisJ. H., CarrierJ. K., Jr., & SpradlinJ. E.An approach to remediation of communication and learning deficiencies. In LloydL. L. (Ed.) Communication Assessment and Intervention Strategies. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1976.
213.
HollisJ. H., & SchiefelbuschR. L.A general system for language analysis: Ape and child. In SchiefelbuschR. L. & HollisJ. H. (Eds.), Language Intervention From Ape to Child. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1979.
214.
HollisJ. H., & WulzS. V.Application of manual signing to the development of reading skills. In SchiefelbuschR. L. & HollisJ. H., (Eds.), Language Intervention from Ape to Child. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1979.
HolmesJ.Manual signing with an aphasia patient. Abstract of a paper presented at the 13th Academy of Aphasia, Vancouver, British Columbia, 1975, [Α].
217.
HopperC., & HelmickR.Nonverbal communication and the severely handicapped: Some considerations. AAESPH Review, 1977, 2(2), 47–52.
218.
HuffmanJ. M.The hospital improvement program for the mentally retarded deaf minors at Sonoma State Hospital. Report of the Proceedings of the 43rd Meetings of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (West Hartford, Conn. The American School for the Deaf, June 1967). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1968.
219.
HuffmanJ., HoffmanB., GranssesD., FoxA., JamesJ., & SchmitzJ.Talk With Me: Communication with the Multi-Handicapped Deaf. Northridge, Calif.: Joyce Motion Picture Company, 1974. (This is the same as Sign Language for Everyone by the same authors and publisher, except for the addition of a chapter on "Suggested Activities," pp. 219-269.)
220.
IrwinD. L.Amerind. Asha, 1977, 19, 746.
221.
JamesW. C.Mentally retarded deaf children in a California state hospital. Report of the Proceedings of the 41st Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf. (Washington, D.C., Gallaudet College, June 1963). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964.
222.
JamesW. C.A hospital improvement program for mentally retarded deaf children at Sonoma State Hospital. Report of the Proceedings of the 43rd Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (West Hartford, Conn., The American School for the Deaf, June 1967). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1968.
223.
JarrowJ. E.The effects of temporal and semantic mismatch on comprehension of total communication. Unpublished disseration, Wichita State University, 1976.
224.
JarrowJ. E.Signing for communication in hearing youngsters: Further support. The Deaf American, April 1978, 13.
225.
JarrowJ. E., & GarveyK. A.Total communication with a child without hearing impairment: Case study. Asha, 1978, 20, 831, [A].
226.
JohnsonF. G., & RubensA.A case study: Visuo-linguistic disturbances following left occipital lobectomy. Asha, 1975, 17, 613, [A].
227.
JohnsonR. K.The institutionalized mentally retarded deaf. Report of the Proceedings of the 41st Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (Washington, D.C., Gallaudet College, June, 1963). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964.
228.
KahnJ. V.A comparison of manual and oral language training with mute retarded children. Mental Retardation, June 1977, 15 (3), 21–23.
229.
KannapellB. M., HamiltonL. B., & BornsteinW.Signs for Instructional Purposes. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet College Press, 1969.
230.
KelleyF. (Ed.) A Manual Communication Dictionary. Mansfield, Conn.: Mansfield Training School, 1974.
231.
KelschJ. E.Amer-Ind recognition in patients with aphasia. Unpublished master's thesis, Purdue University, August 1979.
232.
KentL.Language acquisition program for the severely retarded. Champaign, Ill.: Research Press, 1974.
233.
KiernanC.Alternatives to speech: A review of research on manual and other forms of communication with the mentally handicapped and other non-communicating populations. British Journal of Mental Subnormality, 1977, 23, 6–28.
234.
KiernanC.Characteristics of signs in three sign systems. Unpublished manuscript, Thomas Coram Research Unit, University of London, c. 1978.
235.
KiernanC.Report of work on mental handicap completed in the Thomas Coram Research Unit between September 1973 and December 1976. University of London, 1978.
236.
KiernanC.Summary of work on mental handicap completed in the Thomas Coram Research Unit between September 1973 and December 1976. University of London, 1978.
237.
KiernanC., JordanR., & SaundersC.Starting Off: Establishing Play and Communication in the Handicapped Child. London: Souvenir Press, 1978.
238.
KiernanC., JordanR., & SaundersC.Teaching the child to communicate. In Starting Off: Establishing Play and Communication in the Handicapped Child. London: Souvenir Press, 1978.
239.
KiernanC., JordanR., & SaundersC.Ways of communicating. In Starting Off: Establishing Play and Communication in the Handicapped Child. London: Souvenir Press, 1978.
240.
KiesowJ.Effective Communication Training for the Profoundly Retarded. Chippewa Falls, Wis.: Northern Wisconsin Center for the Developmentally Disabled (no date).
241.
KimbleS. L.Signed English: A language teaching technique with totally nonverbal, severely mentally retarded adolescents. Asha, 1975, 17, 667, [Α].
242.
KimuraD.The neural basis of language qua gesture. In WhitakerH. & WhitakerH. A. (Eds.), Studies in Neurolinguistics, Vol. 2. New York: Academic Press, 1976.
243.
KimuraD., BattisonR., & LubertB.Impairment of nonlinguistic hand movements in a deaf aphasic. Brain and Language, 1976, 3, 566–571.
244.
KirschnerA., AlgozzineB., & AbbottТ. В.Manual communication systems: A comparison and its implications. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 1979, 14, 5–10.
245.
KirschnerA. E.A comparison of two manual communication systems: Implications for training the non-verbal mentally retarded. Unpublished Masters thesis, University of Florida, 1977.
246.
KleinertJ. E. O., RosenwinkeP. J., & RobbinsR. L.A prespeech-sensorimotor model for remediation of severe language disorders. Asha, 1979, 21, 720, [A].
247.
KlimaE., & BellugiU.The Signs of Language. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1979.
248.
KlimaE. S., & BellugiU.Perception and production in a visually based language. In AaronsonD. & RieberR. W. (Eds.), Developmental Psycholinguistics and Communication Disorders. New York: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 263, 1975, pp. 225–235 (presented September 1975).
249.
KohlF. L., WilcoxB. L., & KarlanG. R.Effects of training conditions on the generalization of manual signs with moderately handicapped students. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 1978, 13, 327–335.
250.
Koko: The signs of language. Science News, 1977, 111, 172.
251.
KollerJ. J., SchlangerP. H., & GeffnerD. S.Identification of action words and activity pantomimes by aphasics. Asha, 1975, 17, 613, [Α].
252.
KonstantareasM. M.Simultaneous communication: An alternative to speech training with autistic children. Journal of Practical Approaches to Developmental Handicap, 1977, 1(1), 15–21.
253.
KonstantareasM. M., OxmanJ., & WebsterC. D.Simultaneous communication with autistic and other severely dysfunctional non-verbal children. Journal of Communication Disorders, 1977, 10(3), 267–282.
254.
KonstantareasM. M., OxmanJ., & WebsterC. D.Iconicity: Effects on acquisition of sign language by autistic and other severely dysfunctional children. In SipleP. (Ed.), Understanding Language Through Sign Language Research. New York: Academic Press, 1978.
255.
KonstantareasM. M., OxmanJ., WebsterC. D., FischerH., & MillerK.A Five Week Simultaneous Communication Programme for Severely Dysfunctional Children: Outcome and Implications for Future Research. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, 1975.
256.
KopchickG. A., & LloydL. L.Total communication for the severely language impaired: A 24-hour approach. In LloydL. L. (Ed.), Communication Assessment and Intervention Strategies. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1976.
257.
KopchickG. A., RombachD. W., & SmilowitzR.A total communication environment in an institution. Mental Retardation, 1975, 13, 22–23.
258.
KoselkaM. J., HannahE. P., GardnerJ. O., & ReaganW.Total communication therapy for a nondeaf child and his family. Asha, 1975, 17, 667–668, [Α].
259.
KotkinR., & SimpsonS.A sign in the right direction: Language development for the nonverbal child. AAESPH Review, 1976, 1(7), 75–81.
260.
KuminL. B., UlatowskaH., & KaplanE.Encoding, decoding, and imitation of symbolic gestures by adult aphasics. Asha, 1974, 16, 559, [Α].
261.
LakeJ.The Hand-Book. Tucson, Ariz.: Communication Skill Builders, 1976.
262.
LandesR. M.Approaches: A Digest of Methods of Learning the Language of Signs. Richmond, Va.: Virginia Baptist General Board, 1969.
263.
LaneH.The Wild Boy of Aveyron. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1976.
264.
LarsonT.Communication for the Nonverbal Child. Academic Therapy, 1971, 6, 305–311.
265.
LarsonT.Communication for the Non-Verbal Child. Jamestown, Pa.: Mafex Associates, 1975.
266.
LawrenceE. D.Sign Language Made Simple. Springfield, Mo.: Gospel Publishing House, 1975.
267.
LebeisS., & LebeisR. F.The use of signed communication with the normal-hearing, nonverbal mentally retarded. Bureau Memorandum (Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction), 1975, 17(1), 28–30.
268.
LeiblJ., PettetA., & WebsterC. D.Two Behavior Modification Approaches to the Treatment of Autistic Children: Simultaneous Communications Vs. Vocal Imitation (Substudy 74-7). Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, 1974.
269.
LeshinG.Workshop I-Slow learning deaf child-evaluation and research. Report of the Proceedings of the 40th Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (Oregon School for the Deaf, Salem, June 1961.) Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1962.
270.
LevettL. M.A method of communication for non-speaking severely subnormal children. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 1969, 4, 64–66.
271.
LevettL. M.A Method of Communication for Non-Speaking Severely Subnormal Children. London: The Spastic Society, 1970.
272.
LevettL. M.Discovering how mime can help. Special Education, 1971, 60, 17–19.
273.
LevettL. M.A method of communication for non-speaking severely subnormal children-Trial results. British Journal of Disorders of Communication, 1971, 6, 125–128.
274.
LinvilleS. E.Signed English: A language teaching technique with totally nonverbal, severely mentally retarded adolescents. Language, Speech and Hearing Services in Schools, 1977, 8, 170–175.
275.
LloydL. L.Mental retardation and hearing impairment. In NorrisA. G. (Ed.), Deafness Annual (vol. 3), Silver Spring, Md.: Professional Rehabilitation Workers with the Adult Deaf, 1973.
276.
LloydL. L. (Ed.). Communication Assessment and Intervention Strategies. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1976.
277.
LloydL. L. (Chairman). Everything you always wanted to know about sign systems-Panel Discussion. Asha, 1976, 18, 590, [A]. A panel presented at the 51st Annual Convention of the American Speech and Hearing Association, Houston, Texas, November 1976. (Papers by T. Clark, R. B. Wilbur, and N. V. Robbins; discussant comments by M. Fristoe on Mental Retardation, R. Hirsch on Autism, and H. Corson on Hearing Impairment.)
278.
LloydL. L.The use of manual communication with the severely language impaired. A paper presented at the annual convention of the South Carolina Speech and Hearing Association, Charleston, April 1977.
279.
LloydL. L.Iconicity in the functional vocabulary used with the severely language impaired. Paper presented at the First World Congress on Future Special Education, Stirling, Scotland, June 1978.
280.
LloydL. L., & FristoeM.Iconicity of signs: Evidence for its predominance in vocabularies used with severely impaired individuals in contrast with American Sign Language vocabulary in general. Paper presented at the 11th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research in Mental Retardation, March 1978.
281.
LloydL. L., & FristoeM.Iconicity of signs in the functional vocabularies used with retarded individuals in contrast with American Sign Language vocabulary in general. Paper presented at the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association on Mental Deficiency, Miami, Florida, May 1979.
282.
LloydL. L., & FristoeM.Non-speech Communication. A short course presented at the Kentucky Speech and Hearing Association, Lexington, April 13, 1979.
283.
LloydL. L., & FristoeM.Non-speech communication: Systems and symbols. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the Council for Exceptional Children, Dallas, Tex., April 1979.
284.
LloydL. L., & FristoeM.Non-speech communication: Systems and symbols. A One-day Special Study Institute presented at the annual convention of the New York Speech and Hearing Association, Ellenville, New York, April 29, 1979. (This is an expansion of the 1977 Fristoe, Lloyd, & Wilbur ASHA short course.)
285.
LloydL. L., & FristoeM.Transparency of manual signs used with individuals having severe communication impairment. Manuscript in preparation for publication (a revision of the 1978 Gatlinburg and Stirling presentations and the 1979 AAMD presentation on iconicity).
286.
LloydL. L., LuftigR. L., GauthierR. A., & FreemanS. A.Dual stimuli P-A learning with auditory, graphic, and sign inputs. Asha, 1979, 21, 788, [Α].
287.
LongJ. S.The Sign Language: A Manual of Signs, (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet College Press, 1962.
288.
LucasE. V., & DeanM. B.An alternative approach to oral communication for an autistic child. Asha, 1976, 18, 599, [Α].
289.
LuftigR. L., GauthierR. A., FreemanS. A., & LloydL. L.Modality preference and combination effects in P-A learning with oral, graphic, and manual sign inputs. In preparation for publication, 1979 (based upon the Lloyd et al. ASHA paper).
290.
LuftigR. L., GauthierR. A., LloydL. L., & FreemanS. A.Dual stimuli P-A learning with graphic, oral, and sign inputs. In preparation for publication, 1979 (based upon the 1979 Lloyd et al. ASHA paper).
291.
LuftigR. L., & LloydL. L.Concreteness of referent vs. translucency of manual sign in the learning of signs. In preparation for publication, 1980.
292.
LuftigR. L., PageJ. L., & LloydL. L.Concreteness, meaningfulness, and translucency of signs. In preparation for publication, 1979.
293.
LuftigR. L., PageJ. L., & LloydL. L.Translucency of manual signs. In preparation for publication, 1979.
Macaluso-HaynesS., & TibbitsD. F.Acquisition of communicative signs in preschool language disordered and normal children. Asha, 1978, 20, 830, [Α].
296.
McKeeverW. F., HoemannW. H., FlorianV. A., & VanDeventerA. D.Evidence of minimal cerebral asymmetries for the processing of English words and American sign language in the congenitally deaf. Neuropsychologica, 1976, 14, 413–423.
297.
MadsenI.Conversational Sign Language: An Intermediate Manual. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet College Press, 1972.
298.
MalleyG.Sign language among North American Indians compared with that among other peoples and deaf mutes. In First Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of Smithsonian Institution 1879-1880. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1881.
299.
MandelM.Iconic devices in American Sign Language. In FriedmanL. (Ed.), On the Other Hand: New Perspectives in American Sign Language. New York: Academic Press, 1977, pp. 57–108. Chap. 3.
300.
ManganK. R.A state program of services for the mentally retarded deaf childReport of the proceedings of the 41st Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (Washington, D.C., Gallaudet College, June 1963). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1964.
301.
MarkowiczH.Aphasia and deafness. Sign Language Studies, 1973, 3, 61–71.
302.
MayberryR.If a chimp can learn sign languages, surely my non-verbal client can too. Asha, 1976, 18, 223–228.
303.
Members of the J. N. Adam Developmental Center, Speech and Hearing Department. Symbols are Bliss. Asha, 1977, 19, 104.
304.
MihrabianA.Communication without words. Psychology Today, 1968, 2, 52–55.
305.
MillerA., & MillerE. E.Cognitive-developmental training with elevated boards and sign language. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1973, 3, 65–85.
306.
MillingtonA.OT with signs solves problems of behavior. Occupational Therapy, July 1976, 184.
307.
MillsR. H., & KaufmanE.Gestural signing: Treatment for a letter writing to dictation impairment. Asha, 1978, 20, 760, [A].
308.
MooresD. F.Nonvocal systems of verbal behavior. In SchiefelbuschR. L. & LloydL. L. (Eds.), Language Perspectives - Acquisition, Retardation and Intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1974, pp. 377–417, Chap. 15.
309.
MooresD. F.Alternate communication modes: Visual-motor systems. Paper presented at the conference on Non-Speech Language Intervention, Gulf Shores, Ala.1977.
310.
MooresD. F.American Sign Language and manual communication. In Educating the deaf: Psychology, principles, and practices. Boston: Houghton Mifflon Co., 1978, pp. 153–185, Chap. 9.
311.
National Association of the Deaf. A selected annotated bibliography of books, films, and teaching media on sign language. Silver Spring, Md.: Author, 1970, (For revised copy see Tyberg, 1973.)
312.
NewtonL. F.Analysis of communicative interaction between teachers, deaf children, and autistic children. Unpublished master's thesis, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 1977.
313.
NowellR. C., LibenL. S., & PosanskyC. J.The relationship of sign language to memory processes in postsecondary deaf studentsReport of the Proceedings of the 47th Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf. (Greensboro, N.C., June 1975). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976.
314.
O'ConnorN.Educating the ineducable. New Society, 1964, 4(106), 18–19.
315.
OffirC. W.Visual speech: Their fingers do the talking. Psychology Today, 1976, 10(1), 72–76, 78.
316.
OlsonT.Return of the nonverbal. Asha, 1976, 18, 823.
317.
100 Essential Signs. Austin Tex.: Texas School for the Deaf, 1978.
318.
O'RourkeT. J.A basic course in manual communication. Silver Spring, Md.: National Association of the Deaf, 1973.
319.
O'RourkeT. J.A basic vocabulary: American Sign Language for parents and children. Silver Spring, Md.: T. J. Publishers, Inc., 1978.
320.
OwensM., & HarperB.Sign Language: A Teaching Manual for Cottage Parents of Non-Verbal Retardates. Pineville, La.: Pinecrest State School, c. 1970.
321.
OxmanJ., KonstantareasM. M., & WebsterC. D.The possible function of sign language in facilitating verbal communication in severely dysfunctional non-verbal children. (A version of this paper was presented at the University of Louisville Interdisciplinary Conference on Linguistics, Louisville, Kentucky, May 1976. ERIC Document Reproduction Service, No. ED 130471 EC 091582).
322.
PageJ., FristoeM., LloydL. L., & DickmanG.Translucency of manual signs used with individuals having severe communication impairment. Manuscript in preparation, 1979.
323.
PagetR.The New Sign Language. London: The Wellcome Foundation, 1951.
324.
PagetR.A systematic sign language, with instructions for performing the signs for the first 2,000 words. London: Publisher Not Indicated, 1969.
325.
PagetR.An Introduction to the Paget-Gorman sign system with examples. Reading, Berkshire, England: A. E. D. E. Publications Committee, 1971.
326.
PagetG., & GormanP.A Systematic Sign Language. London: Royal National Institute for the Deaf, 1968.
PagetR., GormanP., & PagetG.The Paget Gorman Sign System (formerly known as Systematic Sign Language). Sixth Edition. London: Association for Experiment in Deaf Education, Ltd., 1976.
329.
PaquinJ.Signes uniformises et universalies. (Uniform and universal signs.) Ami Sourds, May 1972, 65, 2–5.
330.
PattersonF.Conversations with a gorilla. National Geographic, October 1978, 154(4), 438–465.
331.
PattersonF.Linguistic capabilities of a lowland gorilla. In PengF. C. C. (Ed.), Sign Language and Language Acquisition-New Dimensions in Comparative Pedolinguistics. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press. (Reprinted in R. L. Schiefelbusch & J. H. Hollis (Eds.), Language Intervention From Ape to Child. Baltimore,: University Park Press, 1979.)
332.
PennerK. A., & WilliamsW. N.Comparison of signed versus verbal symbol training in retarded adults. Asha, 1979, 21, 681, [A].
333.
PetersL.Sign language stimulus in vocabulary learning of a brain-injured child. Sign Language Studies, 1973, 3, 116–118.
334.
PickettL.An assessment of gestural and pantomime deficits in aphasic populations. Acta Symbolica, 1974, 5(3), 69–86.
335.
PoiznerH., BattisonR., & LaneH.Cerebral asymmetry for perception of ASL: The effects of moving stimuli. Unpublished manuscript, Northeastern University, 1978.
336.
PrescottR.Take your cue from Swadley. Asha, 1978, 20, 460.
337.
PrinceS.Something new. Asha, 1976, 18, 880.
338.
RadkeA. M., & BonoD.A multipurpose communication system: Modified for the autistic total communication (M.A.T.C.). Asha, 1979, 21, 755, [Α].
339.
RaffinM. J. M., DavisJ. M, & GilmanL. A.Comprehension of inflectional morphemes by deaf children exposed to a visual English sign system. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 1978, 21, 387–400.
340.
RaoP., & HornerJ.Gesture as a deblocking modality in a severe aphasic patient. In BrookshireR. H. (Ed.), Clinical Aphasiology Conference Proceedings. Minneapolis,: BRK Publishers, 1978.
341.
ReichR.Gestural facilitation of expressive language in moderately/severely retarded preschoolers. Mental Retardation, 1978, 16(2), 113–117.
342.
ReidB., & KiernanC.Spoken words and manual signs as encoding categories in short-term memory for mentally handicapped children. Unpublished manuscript, Thomas Coram Research Unit, University of London, c. 1978.
343.
ReidB., & KiernanC.Spoken words and manual signs as encoding categories in short-term memory for mentally retarded children. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1979, 84, 200–203.
344.
RichardsonT.Sign language for the SMR and PMR. Mental Retardation, 1975, 13(3), 17.
345.
RiekehofL. L.Talk to the Deaf. Springfield, Mo.: Gospel Publishing House, 1963.
346.
RobbinsN.Selection of sign systems for use with the multiply handicapped. Asha, 1976, 18, 590, [Α].
347.
RobinsN., CaganJ., JohnsonC., KelleherH., RecordJ., & VernacchioJ.Perkins Sign Language Dictionary: A Sign Dictionary for Use With Multi-Handicapped Deaf Children in School. Watertown, Mass.: Perkins School for the Blind (Publication No. 29), 1975.
348.
RosenbekJ. C.Treatment of apraxia of speech: Prevention, facilitation, and reorganization. Asha, 1976, 18, 580, [A].
349.
RoweJ.Paget-Gorman Sign System: Manual communication as an alternative method. In TebbsT. (Coordinator), Ways and Means. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Globe Education, 1978, pp. 164–169.
350.
RoysterM. A.Games and Activities for Sign Language Classes. Silver Spring, Md.: National Association for the Deaf, c. 1974.
351.
SaitzR. L., & CervenkaE. J.Handbook of Gestures: Colombia and the United States. The Hague: Mouton, 1972.
352.
SalisburyC., WamboldC., & WalterG.Manual communication for severely handicapped: An assessment and instructional strategy. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 1978, 13, 393–397.
353.
SalvinA., RouthD. K., FosterR. E., & LovejoyK. M.Acquisition of modified American Sign Language by a mute autistic child. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1977, 7, 359–371(publication of the 1977 Gatlinburg presentation).
354.
SandersD. A.A model for communication. In LloydL. L. (Ed.), Communication Assessment and Intervention Strategies. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1976.
355.
SandersJ. I. (Ed.). The ABC's of Sign Language. Tulsa, Okla.: Manca Press, Inc., 1968.
356.
SarnoJ., SwisherL., & SarnoM.Aphasia in a congenitally deaf man. Cortex, 1969, 5, 398–414.
357.
SchaefferB., KollinzasG., MusilA., & McDowellP.Signed speech: A new treatment for autism. Paper presented at the annual convention of the National Society for Autistic Children, San Diego, Calif., 1975.
358.
SchaefferB., KollinzasG., MusilA., & McDowellP.Signed speech: A new treatment for autism. Paper presented at the meeting of the Southwestern Psychological Association, Houston, Texas, April 1975.
359.
SchaefferB., KollinzasG., MusilA., & McDowellP.Spontaneous Verbal Language for Autistic Children Through Signed Speech. Sign Language Studies, 1977, 17, 287–328. (Publication of the 1975 NSAC and SPA presentations.)
360.
SchaefferB., McDowellP., MusilA., & KollinzasG.Spontaneous verbal language for autistic children through signed speech. Research Relating to Children (ERIC Clearinghouse for Early Childhood Education), Bulletin37, 98–99, 1976. (See the 1977 reference to Sign Language Studies.)
361.
SchiefelbushR. L. (Ed.) Non-Speech Language and Communication Analysis and Intervention. Baltimore: University Park Press, in preparation. (These are additional papers from the 1977 Gulf Shores Conference, i.e., those not in-cluded in Schiefelbusch & Hollis, 1979.)
362.
SchiefelbushR. L., & HollisJ. H. (Eds.) Language Intervention from Ape to Child. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1979.
363.
SchlangerP. H.Training the adult aphasic to pantomime. Asha, 1976, 18, 606, [A].
364.
SchlangerP. H., GeffnerD. S., & DiCarradoC.A comparison of gestural communication with aphasics: Pre- and posttherapy. Asha, 1974, 16, 559, [A].
365.
SchlangerP. H., & SchlangerB. B.Adapting role-playing activities with aphasic patients. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1970, 35, 229–235.
366.
SchlesingerI. M., & NamirL. (Eds.). Sign Language of the Deaf: Psychological, Linguistic, and Sociological Perspectives. New York: Aca-demic Press, 1978.
367.
SchwartzL.A comparison of sign comprehension by global aphasics and brain damaged non-aphasics. Asha, 1974, 16, 559, [Α].
368.
ScoutenE.The Rochester method: An oral multisensory approach for instructing pre-lingual deaf children. American Annals of the Deaf, 1967, 112, 50–55.
369.
Sequoyah to Washoe: You talkin' to me?Science News, 1979, 115(5), 73.
ShapiroL. E., & CehnJ. T.Alternative Communication Test: A tool to determine a communication approach. Asha, 1979, 21, 781, [A].
373.
ShipleyK. G., & JarrowJ. E.An experimental university clinic training program for a non-language childJournal of the National Student Speech and Hearing Association, 1976, 4, 9–16.
374.
SiegmanA. W., & FeldsteinS. (Eds.). Nonverbal Behavior and Communication. New York: Halsted Press, 1978.
375.
Signs of Hope. Human Behavior, 1974, 3(12), 35.
376.
SilvermanF. H.A bibliography of literature relevant to nonspeech communication modes for the speechless. Ohio Journal of Speech and Hearing, 1977, 12, 83–102.
377.
SilvermanF. H.Why not Amerind?Asha, 1977, 19, 463.
378.
SilvermanF. H., & BadyJ. A.Need for coursework on nonvoval communication systems: A survey. Asha, 1978, 20, 1023.
SkellyM.Amer-ind sign communication scale with a daily notational system and a two figure measure of progress. Unpublished manuscript, St. Louis Veterans Administration Hospital, c. 1977.
384.
SkellyM.Amer-ind gestural code: A simplified communication system based on universal hand talk. New York: Elsevier North-Holland, Inc., in press.
385.
SkellyM., SchinskyL., SmithR. W., DonaldsonR. C., & GriffinJ. M.American Indian sign: A gestural communication system for the speechless. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 1975, 56, 156–160.
386.
SkellyM., SchinskyL., SmithR. W., & FustR. S.American Indian Sign (AMERIND) as a facilitator of verbalization for the oral verbal apraxic. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1974, 39, 445–456.
387.
SmeetsP. M., & StreifelS.Acquisition and cross modal generalization of receptive and expressive signing skills in a retarded deaf girl. Journal of Mental Deficiency Research, 1976, 20, 251–260.
388.
SmeetsP. M., & StreifelS.Acquisition of sign reading by transfer of stimulus control in a retarded deaf girl. Journal of Mental Deficiency Research, 1976, 20, 197–205.
389.
SmithC. H.Total communication utilizing the simultaneous method. In CreedonM. P. (Ed.), Appropriate behavior through communication: A new program in simultaneous language for non-verbal children (2nd ed.). Chicago: Dysfunctional Child Center, Michael Reese Medical Center, 1975.
390.
SnellM.Sign language and total communication. In KentL. (Ed.), Language Acquisition Program for the Severely Retarded. Champaign, Ill.: Research Press, 1974.
391.
SnyderL. K.Performative function as a variable in initial lexicalization training with severely retarded, nonverbal subjects. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, George Peabody College for Teachers, 1977.
392.
Snyder-McLeanL.Functional stimulus and response variables in sign training with retarded subjectsAsha, 1978, 20, 746, [Α].
393.
SpringerC. J.Talking with the Deaf. Baton Rouge, La.: Redemptorist Fathers, 1961.
394.
StarkweatherC. W.Disorders of nonverbal communication. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 1977, 42, 535–544.
StokoeW. C.Semiotics and Human Sign Languages. The Hague: Mouton, 1972.
399.
StokoeW., Jr., CasterlineD. C., & CronebergC. G.A Dictionary of American Sign Language on Linguistic Principles. Washington, D.C.: Gallaudet College Press, 1965.
400.
StrawsonP. C.Emergent signed semantic-syntactic relations of an autistic child. Unpublished master's thesis, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 1979.
401.
Stremel-CampbellK., CantrellD., & HalleJ.Manual signing as a language system and as a speech initiator for the nonverbal severely handicapped student. In SontagE., SmithJ., & CertoN. (Eds.), Educational Programming for the Severely and Profoundly Handicapped. Reston, Va.: Division on Mental Retardation, CEC, 1977, pp. 335–358.
402.
SutherlandG. F., & BeckettJ. W.Teaching the mentally retarded sign language. Journal of Rehabilitation of the Deaf. 1969, 2(5), 56–60.
403.
TalkingtonL. W., & HallS. M.A Manual Communication System for Deaf Retarded. Austin, Tex.: Austin State School, c. 1970.
404.
TamanT., & WebsterC. D.Teaching Autistic-Retarded Children Through Simultaneous (Gestural and Verbal) Communications (15 minute, 16 mm, black and white film). Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, 1973.
405.
TaylorA. P., & PollockB. E.A structured program of learning for moderately retarded deaf adultsVolta Review, 1968, 70, 114–117.
406.
TebbsT.Cued speech. In TebbsT. (Co-ordinator), Ways and Means. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Globe Education, 1978.
407.
TebbsT.Introduction, alternative means of communication. In TebbsT. (Coordinator), Ways and Means. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Globe Education, 1978.
TeitlbaumI.Communication for the paralyzed. Medical Times, November1950, 538–539.
410.
TewL. E.A review of approaches and out-comes in the use of manual systems with non-verbal autistic children. Journal of Child-hood Communication Disorders, 1978, 2(2), 76–85.
411.
Texas School for the Deaf (Parent Teacher Organization). 100 Essential Signs. Austin, Texas: Author, 1978.
412.
TheilL. S.Meeting the needs of the deaf child with cerebral palsy. Report of the Pro-ceedings of the 47th Meeting of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf (Greensboro, N.C., June, 1975). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976.
413.
TiescoJ. S.General outline and objective for manual communication. Unpublished paper, Beatrice (Nebraska) State Home, c. 1975.
414.
TomkinsW.Indian Sign Language. New York: Dover Publications, 1969.
415.
TopperS. T.Gesture Language for the Severely and Profoundly Mentally Retarded. Denton, Tex.: Denton State School, c. 1974.
416.
TopperS. T.Gesture language for a non-verbal severely retarded male. Mental Retardation, 1975, 13(1), 30–31.
417.
TurnerK. B.The story of the speech and hearing clinic signed for the deaf. Asha, 1978, 20, 731, [Α].
418.
TybergT.A selected annotated bibliography of books, films and teaching media on sign language. In O'RourkeT. J., A Basic Course in Manual Communication. Silver Spring, Md.: National Association of the Deaf, 1973.
419.
VahcicB. J., & BlumerJ. G.To sign or not to sign... that is the question. Asha, 1978, 20, 746, [Α].
420.
VailJ. L., & SpasD. L.A Manual Communication Program for Non-Verbal Retardates. DeKalb, Ill.: Graham Hall, Northern Illinois University, c. 1974.
421.
Van BiervlietA.Establishing words and objects as functionally equivalent through manual sign training. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1977, 82(2), 178–186.
422.
Van HookK. W., & StohrP. G.The development of manual communication in a profoundly retarded hearing population. Asha, 1973, 15, 437, [Α].
423.
van MeirloJ. M. A., & van DoremaeleJ. A. С. В.Communicator, dominolan, pelomilan, electronic choice-peeper, need seeker: Some technical solutions or communicational problems in multiple handi-capped people. “Zonhove”-Clinic, Nieuwstraat 70, SON (N.B.), The Netherlands, c. 1975.
424.
Van TatenhoveG. M.A curriculum guide for teaching sign language. Asha, 1979, 21, 680, [Α].
425.
WalkerM.An experimental evaluation of the success of a system of communication for deaf mentally handicapped. Unpublished M.SC. Thesis, Human Communication Studies, University of London, 1973.
426.
WalkerM.Line Drawing Illustrations for the Makaton Vocabulary (revised). London: Royal Association of the Deaf and Dumb, 1977.
427.
WalkerM.The Makaton Vocabulary. In TebbsT. (coordinator), Ways and Means. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Globe Education, 1978.
WalkerM. M.The Revised Makaton Vocabulary. London: The Royal Association in Aid of the Deaf and Dumb, 1976.
430.
WamplerD.Linguistics of visual English. Un-published manuscript, 1971. (Materials not currently available.)
431.
WarrenS. A.It is silence which isolates. Mental Retardation, April1974, 12(2), 2.
432.
WashburnA. O.A SEE Thesaurus: Grouping of Seeing Essential English Signs. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendal Hurst Publishing, 1973.
433.
Washington State School for the Deaf. An Introduction to Manual English. Vancouver, Wash.: The Washington State School for the Deaf, c. 1972.
434.
WatsonD. O.Talk With Your Hands. Menasha, Wis.: George Banta Co., 1964. (Also dis-tributed by NAD.)
435.
WebsterC.Gestural training breaks communica-tion barrier in child autism. Special Education in Canada, 1973, 48(1), 6–7.
436.
WebsterC. D., KonstantareasM. M., & LiJ.Assessing autistic children: Discrimination training and simultaneous communication procedures. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Denver, Colorado, April1975. (ERIC Docu-ment Reproduction Service, No. ED 119402 EC 081475).
437.
WebsterC., KonstantareasM., & OxmanJ.Simultaneous communication with severely dys-functional non-verbal children: An alternative to speech training. Working paper, University of Victoria, 1976.
438.
WebsterC. D., McPhersonH., SlomanL., EvansM. A., & KaucherE.Communicating with an autistic boy with gestures. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 1973, 3, 337–346.
439.
WehmanP., & GarrettS.Language instruction with severely, profoundly, and multi-handi-capped students: Two years of data. Mental Retardation, 1978, 16, 410–412.
440.
WellsG. B., & QuinlanS.Efficiency of total communication language therapy with Down's syndrome children. Journal of the Iowa Speech and Hearing Association, 1979, 4–10.
WilburR. B.The linguistics of manual lan-guages and manual systems. In LloydL. L. (Ed.), Communication Assessment and Inter-vention Strategies. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1976, pp. 423–500, Chap. 11.
443.
WilburR. B.The linguistics of manual language and manual systems. Asha, 1976, 18, 590, [A].
444.
WilburR. B.Linguistic structure of American Sign Language. Asha, 1978, 20, 713, [A].
445.
WilburR. B.American Sign Language and Sign Systems. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1979.
446.
WilliamsW. L.The effect of co-operation pro-cedures on the acquisition and subsequent generali-zation of a sign language communication reper-toire in severely and profoundly retarded girls. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Manitoba, 1977.
447.
WilsonP. S., GoodmanL., & WoodR. K.Manual Language for the Child Without Language: A Behavioral Approach for Teaching the Exceptional Child. Hartford, Conn.: Develop-mental Team, 1975.
448.
WilsonP. S., WoodR. K., GoodmanL., & RobertsT.Manual Language Dictionary-Func-tional Vocabulary for the Retarded, Booklets One, Two, and Three. Hartford, Conn.: Develop-mental Team, c. 1974.
449.
WolfJ. M., & McAlonicM. L.A multi-modality language program for retarded pre-schoolers. Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded, 1977, 12, 197–202.
450.
WulzS. V., & HollisJ. H.Application of manual signing to the development of reading skills. In SchiefelbuschR. L. & HollisJ. H. (Eds.), Language Intervention From Ape to Child. Balti-more: University Park Press, 1979.
451.
WundtW.The language of gestures. The Hague: Mouton, 1973.
452.
YoderD. E.Communication behavior for the severely handicapped or what shall a thing be called. Pre-sentation at the Purdue Interactive Television Colloquium Series, October4, 1978. (Dis-tributed through Continuing Education, Rm. 110, Stewart Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind. 47907.)
453.
YoderD. E.Language disorders in children: Cur-rent thoughts and perspectives. Paper pre-sented at AMA Workshop III: Mental Health and Illness in Dysfunctional Children, San Diego, January1978.
454.
You have to start so small to even make an inch. Chapel Hill, N.C.: Division TEACH, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, c. 1978. (Film)
455.
ZweibanS. T.Indicators of success in learning a manual communication mode. Mental Retarda-tion, 1977, 15(2), 47–49.
