A Bibliography on Refugees in Sub-Saharan Africa

Aall C. : Refugee Problems in Southern Africa. In: Hamrell S. (ed.) Refugee Problems in Africa. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1963.

Adepoju A : The Dimension of the Refugee Problem in Africa. African Affairs, Vol. 81, No. 33, 1982.

Adepoju A. : The Refugee Situation in the Horn of Africa and Sudan. Issue, Vol. X00, No. 1/2, 1982.

Adepoju A. : The Consequences of Influx of Refugees for the Countries of Asylum in Africa. In: Appleyard R. (ed.), The Impact of International Migration on Developing Countries. Paris: OECD, 1987, pp. 219–234.

Africa Watch: Djibouti, Ill Treatment of Somali Refugees: Denial of Refuge; Deportation and Harsh Conditions of Detention. News from Africa Watch, 30 October 1989, 12 p.

Khan S. Aga : Legal Problems Relating to Refugees and Displaced Persons. Recueil des Cours, Vol. LIV, No. 1, 1976. Paris: Académie de Droit International.

Ahmad U. : Self-Settled Refugees in Gedaref (Eastern Sudan). A Report prepared for UNHCR. Khartoum, 1986.

Aiboni S. A. : Protection of Refugees in Africa. Uppsala: Swedish Institute of International Law, 1978.

Akol J. O. : A Geographical Survey of the Nature and Pattern of Refugee Migration in Africa. M.A. thesis, University of Manitoba, Canada, 1976.

Akol J. O. : Refugee Migration and Repatriation: Case Studies of Some Affected Rural Communities in Southern Sudan. Ph.D. thesis, University of Manitoba, Canada, 1986.

Al-Bashir A. A-R. A. : Problems of Settlement of Immigrants and Refugees in Sudanese Society. Ph.D. thesis, University of Oxford, 1978.

Anderson J. D. Bentley C. C. : Role of Community Health Workers in Trachoma Control: Case Study from a Somali Refugee Camp. Tropical Doctor, Vol. 16, No. 2, April 1986: Pp. 66–69.

Anthony C. S. : Africa's Refugee Crisis: State Building in Historical Perspective. International Migration Review, Vol. 25, No. 3, 1991, pp. 574–591.

Asefa W. : Level of Education and Job Satisfaction: The Case of Ethiopian Refugees and De Facto Refugees in Houston, Texas. Ed.D. thesis, University of Southern Texas, 1985.

Asfaha S. : De L'Erythrée au Soudan: Contribution Géographique à l'Etude en Sciences Sociales. Doctoral thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Speciales, Paris, 1984.

Attia H. Sidiq A. : The Refugee Population: Policy Implications and Future Development. In: Saghayroun Atif A. (eds.). Population and Development in the Sudan: The Quest for a National Policy. Khartoum: National Population Committee, 1988.

Ayok C. A. : The Emerging Trends in the Immigration Status of Refugees in Africa: A Case Study of Tanzania. Paper presented to the IUSPP General Conference, New Delhi, September 1989.

Ayok C. A. : Refugee Law and Practice in Africa with Emphasis on the Tanzanian Experience. M.A. thesis, University of Dar es Salaam, 1983, 226 p.

Ayok C. A. : Population Adjustments and Dynamics in Refugee Impacted Areas—A Case Study of Rukwa Region in Tanzania. Paper presented to African Population Conference, Dakar, November 1988.

Ba M. L. : Le Problème des Réfugies en Afrique. AWR- Bulletin, Vaduz: Association for the Study of the World Refugee Problem, Vol. IX, No. 1, 1971.

Bakhet O. : On Habitat Theory of African Refugees (a tentative study). Series of Studies on Migration, No. 5, Lund: Sociological Department, Lund University, 1978.

Bariagaber A. : Political Violence, Refugee Situations, and the Internalization of Regional Conflicts: A Six Nation Analysis. Ph.D. thesis, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, 1990, 339 p.

Bariagaber H. : Contemporary Refugee Movements in East and Central Africa and Their Economic Implications. African Population Conference, Dakar 1988. Liege: IUSSP, 1988.

Barnabas G. : Nutrition and Child Care amongst Ethiopian Refugees in Eastern Sudan: Perspectives in Primary Care. Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, Vol. 28, No. 4, August 1982, pp. 218–220.

Bascom J. B. : The Nature of Refugee Resettlement Patterns in Africa. M.A. thesis, University of Kansas, 1983.

Bascom J. B. : Self-settling Refugees: Strategies for Survival and Success. The Rural Sociologist, July 1986.

Bascom J. B. : Social Differentiation among the Eritrean Refugees in Eastern Sudan: The Case of Wad el Hileau. Journal of Refugee Studies. Vol. 2, No. 4, 1989, pp. 403–418.

Bascom J. B. : Refugee Resettlement in the Context of Agrarian Change: The Case of Eritreans in Eastern Sudan. Paper presented to the Conference on Refugees: Geographical Perspectives on Forced Migration, Kings College London, September 18–20, 1991.

Belshaw D. G. R. : Resettlement Schemes for Rwanda Refugees in Uganda. East African Geographical Review, Kampala: Ugandan Geographical Association, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1963.

Bennett F. J. : Preliminary Observations on the Relationship between the Ecology of Rwandans Living in Buganda and Their Disease Pattern. East African Medical Journal, Nairobi: Kenya Medical Association, Vol. 53, No. 11, 1966.

Bennett F. J. : The Nutrition and Disease Pattern of Children in a Refugee Settlement. East African Medical Journal, Nairobi: Kenya Medical Association, Vol. 45, No. 5, 1968.

Bennett F. J. Assael M. I. : The Mental Health of Immigrants and Refugees from Rwanda at Kasangati, Uganda. Psychopatologie Africaine, Dakar: Société de Psychopatologie et d'Hygiène Mentale de Dakar, Vol. IV, No. 3, 1970.

Betind P. M. : La Situation des Enfants des Réfugiés d'Afrique. AWR- Bulletin, Vaduz: Association for the Study of the World Refugee Problem, Vol. IX, No. 2, 1971.

Betts T. F. : Conference on the Legal, Economic and Social Aspects of African Refugee Problems. Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol. V, No. 4, 1967.

Betts T. F. : Development Aid from Voluntary Agencies to the Least Developed Countries. Africa Today, Vol. XXV, No. 4, 1978.

Betts T. F. : Zonal Rural Development in Africa. Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol. VII, No. 1, 1969.

Betts T. F. : Evolution and Promotion of Integrated Rural Development Approach to Refugee Policy in Africa. Africa Today, Vol. 31, No. 1, 1984, pp. 7–14.

Birido O. Y. : International Conference on Assistance to Refugees in Africa and Its Aftermath. Paper presented at Khartoum Refugee Seminar, Khartoum, Sudan, September 11–14, 1982.

Brisset C. : Djibouti's Refugee Hordes. Horn of Africa, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1979, pp. 12–14.

Brooks H. C. El-Ayouty Y. (eds.): Refugees South of the Sahara: An African Dilemma. Westport, Co.: Negro Universities Press, 1970, 307 pp.

Brown E. G. : Refugees and Political Instability in Sub-Saharan Africa. Ph.D. thesis, Tufts University, 1983.

Bulcha M. : Flight and Integration: Causes of Mass Exodus from Ethiopia and Problems of Integration in Sudan. Sweden: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1988.

Cammack D. : Refugees and War in Africa: The Failure of Development. Refugees, Geneva: UNHCR, Vol. 6, No. 4, 1987.

CENTRE DE HAUTES ETUDES ADMINISTRATIVES SUR L'AFRIQUE ET L'ASIE MODERNES: Les Problèmes des Réfugies en Afrique. Collection of papers presented at the Colloquium, Paris, 26–27 January 1968, Paris: Centre de Hautes Etudes Administratives sur 1'Afrique et l'Asie Modernes.

Chambers R. : Hidden Losers? The Impact of Rural Refugees and Refugee programs on Poorer Hosts. International Migration Review, Vol. 20, No. 2, Summer 1986, pp. 245–263.

Chambers R. : Rural Refugees in Africa: Past Experience, Future Pointers. Disasters, Vol. 6, 1982, pp. 21–30.

Chambers R. : Rural Refugees in Africa: What the Eye Does Not See. Disasters, Vol. 3, No. 4, 1979, pp. 21–30.

Chartrand P. E. : The Organization of African Unity and African Refugees. Paper presented at the Thirteenth Annual Meeting of United States African Studies Association, Boston, October 21–24, 1970.

Chartrand P. E. : The Oau and African Refugees: A Progress Report. World Affairs, Vol. XXIX, No. 137, 1975.

Christensen H. : The Progress of Refugee Settlements in Africa. Ph.D. thesis, University of Copenhagen and the International University Exchange Fund, 1979.

Christensen H. : Bibliography of Documentation on Refugees in Africa South of the Sahara. Refugee Abstracts, Vol. 1, No. 3. UNRISD 81/C.2, 1982.

Christensen H. : History and Field Study of a Burundian Settlement in Tanzania, Geneva: UNRISD, 1985, 145 pp.

Christensen H. : Transfer to Wilderness: Historical Analysis of the Situation of Refugees from Burundi and Their Settlement in Tanzania. Geneva: UNRISD, 1985.

Cimade Inodep Mink : Africa's Refugee Crisis. Paris: Zed Books, 1986.

Clark D. L. Stein B. N. : ICARA II and Refugee Aid and Development. Migration Today, Vol. 13, No. 1, 1985, pp. 33–38.

Clark D. L. : Country Reports on Five Key Asylum Countries [Djibouti, Somalia, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe] in Eastern and Southern Africa. Migration News, Vol. 36, No. 3/4, July-December 1987, pp. 24–63.

Clark L. : Key Issues in Post-Emergency Refugee Assistance in Eastern and Southern Africa. Washington, D.C.: Refugee Policy Group, 1987, 44 pp.

Clark L. : Post-Emergency Assistance for Refugees in Eastern and Southern Africa: An Overview. Washington, D.C.: Refugee Policy Group, 1987, 33 pp.

Clark L. : Refugee Participation Case Study: The Shaba Settlements. Washington D.C., Refugee Policy Group, 1987, 18 pp.

Clark L. : Refugee Participation Case Study: The Meheba Settlement in Zambia. Washington, D.C.: Refugee Policy Group, 1987, 24 pp.

Cline-Cole R. E. : Planning Programs with Rural African Women: An Analysis of American Agencies' Utilization of Existing Resources. Doctor of Ed. thesis, Penn. State University, 1990, 284 pp.

Costello B. : Women Refugees. Migration Today, Vol. 8, No. 4, 1980, pp. 13–16.

Crisp J. : The Politics of Repatriation: Ethiopian Refugees in Djibouti. Journal of African Political Economy, No. 30, September 1984, pp. 73–82.

Crisp J. : Ugandan Refugees in Sudan and Zaire: The Problem of Repatriation. African Affairs Vol. 85, No. 339, 1986, pp. 163–180.

Crisp J. : Vital Statistics. Refugees, No. 68, Geneva: UNHCR, September 1989.

Dale R. : Refugees from South Africa to Botswana: External Ramifications of Internal Security Policy. Paper presented to the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, New Orleans, September 4–8, 1973. (Document later published in Cultures et Developpement, Vol. VI, No. 2, 1974, Leuven: Universite Catholique de Louvain.

Daley P. : The Rural Settlement of African Refugees with Special Reference to Sudan and Tanzania. M.A. thesis, School of African Studies, London University, 1984.

Daley P. : Gender, Displacement and Social Reproduction: Settling Burundi Refugees in Tanzania. Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1991, pp. 248–266.

Daley P. : Refugees and Underdevelopment in Africa: The Case of Burundi Refugees in Tanzania. D.Phil. thesis, University of Oxford, 1989, 443 pp.

Daley P. : From the Kipande to the Kibali: The Incorporation of Labour Migrants in Western Tanzania, 1900 to 1987. Paper presented to the conference on, Refugees: Geographical Perspectives on Forced Migration, Kings College London, September 18–20, 1991.

Denoon D. : The Education of Southern Sudanese Refugees. In: Wai D. M. (ed.) The Southern Sudan: The Problems of National Integration. London: Frank Cass, 1973.

Dewaal A. : Refugees and the Creation of Famine: The Case of Dar Masalit, Sudan. Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2, 1987.

Diallo I. B. Y. : Les Réfugiés en Afrique: Cadre Regional et International de Règlement. Doctoral thesis, Universite de Genève, 1974.

Diallo I. B. Y. : Les Réfugiés en Afrique: De la Conception à l'Application d'un Instrument Juridique de Protection. Abhandlungen zu Fluchtlingsfragen, Vol. VIII, Vienna: Wilhelm Braumuller, 1974.

Diegues A. C. S. : UNHCR Experience with Rural Settlement Planning for Refugees in Africa. Proceedings of a Workshop on the Follow-up to Arusha Recommendations on Rural Refugees in Africa, Dar es Salaam, September 1981.

Doheny K. : The Plight of the Refugee: A Case in Point—Africa. Migration News, No. 1, 1981, pp. 3–12.

Duda G. Schonmier H. : Psychological Aspects of the Refugee Situation in the Sudan. Saarbrucken: Federal Republic of Germany: University of the SAAR, 1983.

ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA (ECA): Problems of the Identification and Measurement of Special Categories of Persons that Cross International Boundaries in Africa. Statistical Information Bulletin for Africa, Vol. 17, 1984, pp. 34–42.

ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA (ECA): Guidelines on the Methods of Evaluating the Socio-Economic and Demographic Consequences of Refugees in African Countries. ECA/POP/TP/91/6[2.3 (ii)]. Addis Ababa: November 1991.

ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA (ECA): An Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impact of Refugee Movements in Selected African Countries. Paper presented to the Seventh Session of the Joint Conference of African Planners, Statistician and Demographer, March 2–7, 1991, Addis Ababa.

ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA, (African Training and Research Centre for Women): Refugee and Displaced Women in Africa. UNECA, E/ECA/RC1WD/OAU/8. Paper presented at the Third Regional Conference on the Integration of Women in Development, October 8–12, 1984, Arusha, Tanzania.

Elgaali B. : Refugees and Development: The Case of Sudan. In: Boesch E. Goldscmidt A. (eds.). Refugees and Development. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellscaft, 1983.

Ellas T. : The Impact of Eritrean Refugees on the Eastern Region of the Sudan. M.A. thesis, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, 1982.

Ellman A. O. : An Agricultural and Socio-Economic Survey of South Sudanese Refugee Settlements and Surrounding Areas in Gambella Awraja, Ethiopia. Ph.D. thesis, Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, 1978.

Erikson L-J Melander G. Nobel P. (eds.): An Analysing Account of the Conference on the African Refugee Problem, Arusha, May 1979. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1981, 233 pp.

Essumah-Johnson A. : Environmental Refugees in Ghana: The Politics of Assistance to Sahel Refugees. Paper presented to the conference on, Refugees: Geographical Perspectives on Forced Migration, Kings College, London, September 18–20, 1991.

FORD FOUNDATION: Refugee and Migrants: Problems and Programme Responses. A Working Paper, 1983.

Field R. M. : Refugees from Environmental Degradation: The Truth behind African Migration. Migration Today, Vol. 13, No. 4, 1985, pp. 18–22.

Freund P. J. Kalumba K. : Spontaneously Settled Refugees in Northwestern Province, Zambia. International Migration Review, Vol. 20, Summer 1986, pp. 299–311.

Friedl R. : Highly Political Education: Refugee Education Problems in the Horn of Africa. Migration World Magazine, Vol. 18, No. 2, 1990, pp. 10–16.

Gasarasi C. P. : The Life of a Refugee Settlement: The Case of Muyenzi in Ngara district. A research report for UNHCR. Dar es Salaam: University of Dar es Salaam, 1976.

Gasarasi C. P. : The Effects of Africa's Exiles/Refugees upon Inter-African State Relations: Conflict and Cooperation, 1958–88. Ph.D. thesis, Tulane University, 1988.

Gasarasi C. P. : The Mass Naturalization and Further Integration of Rwandese Refugees in Tanzania: Process, Problems and Prospects. Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1990, pp. 88–109.

Gasarasi C. P. : UN Resolution 435 and the Repatriation of Nambian Exiles. Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 3, No. 4, 1990, pp. 340–364.

Gees S. Fibril R. : A Report on Refugees in Somalia. In: Adams H. M. (ed.) Somalia: Revolutionary Transformation. Mogadishu: First Halgan Publication, State Printing Agency, 1979.

Godfrey N. Mursal H. H. : International Aid and National Health Policies for Refugees: Lessons from Somalia. Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1990, pp. 110–134.

Godfrey N. : Health Needs of Elderly Refugees: A Field Study of Eastern Sudan, 1985. London: Help the Aged, 1985.

Goundrey G. K. : The Problem of Asylum for Refugees: A Suggested Approach. DERAP Working Paper A 312 Chr-Michelsen, Bergen, 1984.

Gorman R. F. : Coping with Africa's Refugee Burden. Dordreht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1987.

Gosselin G. : Le Changement Social et les Institutions du Développement dans une Population Réfugié. Geneva: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Report No. 70.71, 1970.

Gould W. T. S. : Refugees in Tropical Africa. International Migration Review, Vol. VIII, No. 3, 1974.

Greenfield R. : Refugees in North-Eastern Africa: The Situation in 1979. The Round Table, 277, January 1980, pp. 39–52.

Greenfield R. : An Historical Introduction to Refugee Problems in the Horn. Horn of Africa, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1979, pp. 14–26.

Greenfield R. : An Historical Introduction to Refugee Problems in the Somali Democratic Republic. Paper presented to the African Studies Association of the United Kingdom Symposium on Refugees, London, September 13–14, 1979.

Greenfield R. : The Wretched of the Horn: Forgotten Refugees in Black Africa. New York: Barber Press, 1983, 144 pp.

Hall E. : Income-Generating Projects for Women Refugees in Somalia: Evaluation Report. Geneva: ILO, 1982, 17 pp.

Hall E. : Vocational Training for Women Refugees in Africa: Guidelines from Selected Field Projects. Geneva: ILO Training Branch, Training Policies Discussion Paper, No. 26, June 1988.

Hamrell S. (ed.): Refugee Problems in Africa. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1967, 123 pp.

Hancock K. : Refugee Women and Children in Somalia: Their Social and Psychological Needs. Mogadiscio: UNICEF, 1988, 74 pp.

Hansen A. : Once the Running Stops: The Socio-economic Resettlement of Angolan Refugees (1966–72) in Zambian Border Villages. Ph.D. thesis, Cornell University, 1977.

Hansen A. : Once the Running Stops: Assimilation of Angolan Refugees into Zambian Border Villages. Disasters, Vol. 3, No. 4, 1979, pp. 369–374.

Hansen A. : Managing Refugees: Zambia's Response to Angolan Refugees 1966–77. Disasters, Vol. 3, No. 4, 1979, pp. 375–380.

Hansen A. : Comparative Strategies for the Agricultural Resettlement of Refugees in Zambia. Paper presented at the American Anthropological Association Meetings, Cincinnati, 1979.

Hansen A. : A Comparison of Spontaneous and Government-Directed Settlement of Angolan Refugees in Zambia. Paper presented at the Society for Applied Anthropology Meetings, Denver, 1980.

Hansen A. : Power and Welfare: Disputing Self-Settlement. Paper presented at the African Studies Association of the United States of America Meetings, Philadelphia, 1980.

Hansen A. : Refugee Dynamics: Angolan Refugees in Zambia 1966 to 1972. International Migration Review, Vol. 15, No. 53/54, 1981, pp. 175–194.

Hansen A. Oliver-Smith A. (eds.): Involuntary Migration and Resettlement: The Problems and Responses of Dislocated People. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1982.

Hansen A. : Self-Settled Rural Refugees in Africa: The Case of Angolans in Zambian Villages. In: Hansen A. Oliver-Smith A. (eds.): Involuntary Migration and Resettlement: The Problems and Responses of Dislocated People. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1982.

Hansen A. : Refugee Self-Settlement versus Settlement on Government Schemes: Long-term Consequences for Security, Integration and Economic Development of Angolan Refugees (1966–1989) in Zambia. Geneva: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, Discussion Paper 17, November 1990.

Harnett J. T. : Some Aspects of Third World Refugee Problem. AWR-Bulletin, Vol. XI, No. 1, 1973, Vaduz: Association for the Study of the World Refugee Problem.

Harrell-Bond B. E. : The Sociology of Involuntary Migration: An Introduction. Current Sociology, Vol. 36, No. 2, 1988, pp. 1–6.

Harrell-Bond B. E. : Imposing Aid: Emergency Assistance to Refugees. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.

Harris M. : Response to Refugee Situations as Seen by a Voluntary Agency. Paper presented at the African Studies Association of the United Kingdom Symposium on Refugees, London, September 13–14, 1979.

Hendrie B. : The Politics of Repatriation: The Tigrayan Refugee Repatriation, 1985–1987. Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1991, pp. 200–210.

Hill M. J. D. : Refoulement and Detention of Refugees in Africa. Paper presented at the African Studies Association of the United Kingdom Symposium on Refugees, London, September 13–14, 1979.

Hodges T. (ed.): African Refugees: The Burden of Exiles. Africa Report, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 1–43.

Ibeanu O. : Apartheid, Destabilization and Displacement: The Dynamics of the Refugee Crisis in Southern Africa. Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1990, pp. 47–63.

ILO/UNHCR: Income-Generating Activities for Refugees in the Sudan. Report of the UNHCR/ILO Inter-Disciplinary Mission on the Employment, Income Generation and Training of Refugees in Sudan, 19 November–6 December 1981. Geneva: ILO/UNHCR, 1982, 67 pp.

Jacqz J. W. : Refugee Students from Southern Africa. Report of a workshop on the training and utilization of refugee students from Southern Africa. New York: African American Institute, 1967.

Karadawi A. : Political Refugees: A Case Study from Sudan, 1964–1972, M. Phil. Thesis, University of Reading, UK, Dept. of Politics, 1977.

Karadawi A. : Constraints on Assistance to Refugees: Some Observations from Sudan. World Development, Vol. 11, No. 6, 1983.

Kayongo M. D. : African Refugee Migration: A Model and Research Agenda. Humboldt Journal of Social Relations, Vol. 15, No. 2, spring-summer, 1988, pp. 133–156.

Kennedy J. C. : Refugees in Africa. In: U.S. Committee for Refugees. World Refugee Survey 1982. New York: American Council for Nationalities Service, 1982, pp. 6–8.

Khasiani S. A. : Refugee Policies, Programs and Research in Somalia, Ethiopia and Tanzania. Report prepared for International Development Research Center (IDRC), Nairobi, 1984, 77 p.

Khasiani S. A. : Socio-economic and Demographic Factors that Influence the Local Integration of Refugee Women in Eastern Africa: Case Study of Kenya and Tanzania. Report to the Rockefeller Foundation, 1988.

Khasiani S. A. : The Impact of Refugees in Receiving Countries in Africa: The Cases of Refugee Women and Refugee Professionals. In: Appleyard R. (ed.) The Impact of International Migration on Developing Countries. Paris: OECD, 1989.

Khasiani S. A. : Refugee Research in Africa: Problem and Possibilities. International Migration, Vol. 28, No. 3, September 1990, pp. 369–377.

Kibreab G. : African Refugees: Reflections on the African Refugee Problem. Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press, 1985, 132 pp.

Kibreab G. : A Study of Organized Settlements for Eritrean Refugees in Eastern Sudan, 1967–1983. Ph.D. thesis, University of Uppsala, Department of Economic History, 1985.

Kibreab G. : Refugees and Development in Africa: The Case of Eritrea. Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press, 1987, 304 pp.

Kibreab G. : Local Settlement in Africa: A Misconceived Option? Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 2, No. 4, 1989, pp. 468–490.

Kibreab G. : Refugee Wage-Earning Settlements in Eastern and Central Sudan: From Subsistence to Wage Labour. Trenton, NJ: Red Sea Press, 1989.

Kibreab G. : Refugees in Somalia: A Burden and an Opportunity for the Local Population and a Challenge to the Government and the International Donor Community. Nairobi: IDRC, 1989.

Kibreab G. : Refugees in Somalia: The Problem of Voluntary Repatriation. Paper presented at the Fourth International Congress on Somali Studies, Mogadishu, Somalia, June 25–30, 1989.

Kibreab G. : The State of the Art Review of Refugee Studies in Africa. Uppsala Papers in Economic History: Research Reports, No. 26, 1991.

Kinsley-Nyinah M. R. : The Need for an International Presence: The Return of Refugees and Immunity from Persecution for Political Offences in South Africa. International Journal of Refugee Law, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1991, pp. 301–319.

Kok W. : Self-settled Refugees and the Socio-economic Impact of Their Presence on Kassala, Eastern Sudan. Journal of Refugee Studies. Vol. 2, No. 4, 1989, pp. 419–440.

Kuhlman T. : The Economic Integration of Refugees in Developing Countries: A Research Model. Amsterdam: Free University Research Memorandum, Series 1990–35, 1990.

Kuhlman T. : Towards a Definition of Refugees. Amsterdam: Free University Research Memorandum, 1990–36, 1990.

Kuhlman T. Ibrahim S. Kok W. : Refugees and Regional Development: Final Report of the Research Project: Eritreans in Kassala. Khartoum, 1987, 529 pp.

Leymarie P. : L'Afrique, Continent des Réfugiés. Dossier. Revue francaise d'Etudes politiques africaines, Nos. 167–169, novembre 1979-janvier 1980, pp. 15–106.

Makannah T. J. : The Impact of Refugee Movements in Africa. Paper presented to the Conference on, Refugees: Geographical Perspectives on Forced Migration, Kings College London, September 18–20, 1991.

Mazur R. E. : Linking Popular Initiative and Aid Agencies: The Case of Refugees. Development and Change, Vol. 18, 1987, pp. 437–461.

Mazur R. E. : Refugees in Africa: The Role of Sociological Analysis and Praxis. Current Sociology, Vol. 36, No. 2, 1988, pp. 43–60.

Mazur R. E. : The Political Economy of Refugee Creation in Southern Africa: Micro and Macro Issues in Sociological Perspectives. Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 2, No. 4, 1989, pp. 441–467.

Mbamba A. M. O. : The Namibia Education and Health Centres: A Study of SWAPO Schools among Namibian Refugees in Zambia and Angola. Reports from the Institute of International Education, No. 42, Institute of International Education, University of Stockholm, Stockholm, 1979.

McSpadden L. A. : Ethiopian Refugee Resettlement in the Western United States: Social Context and Psychological Weil-Being. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 3, Fall 1987, pp. 796–819.

McSpadden L. A. : Ethiopian Refugee Resettlement in the Western United States: Social Context and Psychological Well-being. Ph.D. thesis, University of Utah, 1988.

Mebrahtu A. : Women Refugees in the Sudan. Paper presented at the Khartoum Refugee Seminar, September 11–14, 1981.

Melander G. : Refugees in Somalia. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1981.

Melander G. Nobel P. (eds.): African Refugees and the Law. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1978, 98 pp.

Melander G. Nobel P. (eds.): International Legal Instruments on Refugees in Africa. Uppsala: Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, 1979.

Melander G. Nobel P. (eds.): Refugees in the Somali Democratic Republic. Report on a mission carried out by two independent scholars on the invitation of the Government of the Somali Democratic Republic, Uppsala and Lund, 1979.

Mennasemay M. : Review Article: Refugees in Africa. Labour, Capital and Society, Vol. 21, No. 2, November 1988, pp. 323–328.

Minja F. E. : The Refugee Problem in Tanzania. In: Shamuyarira H. M. (ed.), Essays on the Liberation of Southern Africa. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Publishing House, 1971.

Mokoena Z. : Health Care of Young Refugees. In: Wright M. (ed.) Women's Health and Apartheid: The Health of Women and Children and the Future of Progressive Primary Health Care in Southern Africa. New York: Columbia University, 1988.

Molotsi P. H. : Southern African Refugees and Exiles. Paper submitted to the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the United States African Studies Association, Syracuse, 31 October–3 November 1973.

Moudgil R. : From Stranger to Refugee: A Study of the Integration of Ugandan Asians in Covender. Ph.D. thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1977.

Munslaw B. : Refugees and Migrants in Mozambique: An Historical Overview. Paper submitted to the African Studies Association of the United Kingdom Symposium on Refugees, London, September 13–14, 1979.

Neldner B. W. : Settlement of Rural Refugees in Africa. Disasters, Vol. III, No. 4, 1979, London: International Disaster Institute.

Newland K. : The New International Politics of Displacement. Worldwatch Paper No. 43, Worldwatch Institute, Washington, D.C., 1981.

Ngolle E. O. N. : The African Refugee Problem and the Distribution of International Refugee Assistance in Comparative Perspective: An Empirical Analysis of the Policies of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Ph.D. thesis, University of Denver, 1985.

Ngolle E. O. N. : The Political Status of the UNHCR and Patterns in Its Assistance to Third World Refugees. Cameroon Review of International Relations, December/January 1986.

Nindi B. : Problems of Social Science Research in Developing Societies with Examples from a Survey of Zairean Refugees in Tanzania. Social Science Review, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1985, pp. 53–67.

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