African Numbers and Patterns

Achebe Chinua . Arrow of God. New York: John Day, 1967.

Cajori Florian . History of Elementary Mathematics. New York: Macmillan, 1896, 1917.

Chapman Frank E. Jr. Science and Africa (Unpublished manuscript).

Excerpts were published in Freedomways, vol. 6, no. 3 (Summer, 1966).

Conant L. L. The Number Concept. New York: Macmillan, 1896.

Dantzig Tobias . Number, the Language of Science. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1940.

Hogben L. Mathematics in the Making. London: Rathbone, 1960.

Hollis A. C. The Masai. Oxford: Claendon Press, 1905

Kantai Ole . Personal communication.

Levy-Bruhl L. How Natives Think. New York: Washington Square Press, 1966 (Original French ed., 1910).

Mann A. “On the Numeral System of the Yoruba Nation.” Journal of Royal Anthropological Society vol. 16 (1887): 59–64.

Menninger Karl . Number Words and Number Symbols. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, 1969. (Revised German ed. Göttingen, Germany: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1958.)

Moiyoi Onesmo Ole . Personal communication.

Ngugi James . The River Between. London: Heinemann, 1965.

Schmidl Marianne . “Zahl and Zählen in Afrika.” Mitteilungen der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft in Wien 35 (1915).

Seidenberg A. “The Diffusion of Counting Practices.” University of California Publications in Mathematics, vol. 3, no. 4 (1960).

Smeltzer Donald . Man and Number. New York: Emerson, 1958.

Smith D. E. History of Mathematics, vol. 1. New York: Dover, 1958 (First ed. 1923).

White L. A. “The Locus of Mathematical Reality: An Anthropological Footnote” in The World of Mathematics, ed. Newman J. vol. 4. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1956.

Wilder R. L. Evolution of Mathematical Concepts. New York: John Wiley, 1968.