This article draws on the prison experiences in Poland of the senior author to identify some of the major ingredients of the prison subculture in that country. The dominant inmate pattern of grypsing is described, as is the physical environment of Polish prisons. This article also examines “prisonization” processes and the norms of the grypsing group. Some contrasts between American and Polish prisons are also noted.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Clemmer, Donald
. 1940. The Prison Community. Boston: Christopher.
2.
Cressey, Donald R.
and Witold Krassowski. 1957-58. “Inmate Organization and Anomie in American Prisons and Soviet Labor Camps.”Social Problems5:217-230.
3.
Etyka 6. Warszawa: PWN.
4.
Garabedian, Peter G.1963. “Social Roles and Processes of Socialization in the Prison Community.”Social Problems11:139-152.
5.
Garabedian, Peter G.1964. “Social Roles in a Correctional Community.”Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology and Political Science55:338-347.
6.
Gibbons, Don C.
1992. Society, Crime, and Criminal Behavior. 6th ed.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
7.
Gluza, Zbigniew. 1986. Epizod. Przedswit.
8.
Goffman, Erving
. 1961. “On the Characteristics of Total Institutions: The Inmate World.” Pp. 15-106 in The Prison, edited by D. R. Cressey. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
9.
Kamiński, Marek M. 1988. “Badacz i uczestnik. Procesy poznawania wiezienia.” Unpublished master's thesis, University of Warsaw, Institute of Sociology.
10.
Kamiński, Marek M.1990. “Badacz w instytucji totalnej.”Kultura i spoleczenstwo1:247-250.
11.
Kosewski, Marek
. 1985. Ludzie w sytuacjach pokusy i upokorzenia. Warszawa: Wiedza Powszechna.
12.
Kuron, Jacek
. 1989. Wiara i wina. Do i od komunizmu. Warszawa: Niezalezna Oficyna Wydawnicza.
13.
Leger, Robert G.1979. “Research Findings and Theory as a Function of Operationalization of Variables: A Comparison of Four Techniques for the Construct, `Inmate Type.' ”Sociology and Social Research63:356-365.
14.
Los, Maria
and Palmer Anderson. n.d. “The Second Life: A Cross-Cultural View of Peer Subcultures in Correctional Institutions.” Typescript, IPSiR, University of Warsaw.