This study aims to deepen the understanding of software piracy through a developmental perspective and risk and protective factors approach. We employ group-based trajectory modeling to identify the trajectories of software piracy and investigate the influence of various risk and protective factors via a series of multinomial logistic regressions. Youth engagement in software piracy generally increases over time, but there exist different patterns (i.e., increasing, decreasing, adolescent peak). In addition, various risk and protective factors demonstrated varying degrees of ability to distinguish software piracy trajectories. The findings of the study suggest the necessity of a comprehensive approach to software piracy prevention programs.
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