This theoretical article addresses the psychological effects of torture (including solitary confinement) and the implications of torture for counseling and the counseling psychology profession.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Adams, V. (1983, June). Testimony as therapy. Psychology Today, p. 84.
2.
Allodi, F. , & Cowgill, G. (1982). Ethical and psychiatric aspects of torture: A Canadian study. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 27, 98-102.
3.
American Psychiatric Association . (1980). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
4.
Cienfuegos, J. A. , & Monelli, C. (1981). The testimony of political repression as a therapeutic instrument. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 53(1), 43-51.
5.
Coburn, J. , & Moore, S. M. (1986, March 2). Shadowed lives. Image, pp. 15-21.
6.
Fanon, F. (1963). The wretched of the earth. New York: Grove Press.
7.
Grassian, S. (1983). Psychopathological effects of solitary confinement. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140(11), 1450-1454.
8.
Krajick, K. (1985, November). Healing broken minds. Psychology Today, pp. 66-69.
9.
Leo, J. (1985, February 18). Salvaging victims of torture. Time, p. 86.
10.
Lewis, M. D. , Hayes, R. L., & Lewis, J. A. (1986). An introduction to the counseling profession. Itasca, IL: F. E. Peacock.
11.
Lopez, L. (1986, April 16). Torture: A worldwide epidemic. Time, p. 39.
Pilisuk, M. , & Ober, L. (1976). Torture and genocide as public health problems. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 46(3), 388-391.
14.
Ristow, W. , & Shallice, T. (1976, August 5). Taking the hood off British torture. New Scientist, pp. 272-274.
15.
Scrignar, C. B. (1984). Post-traumatic stress disorder: diagnosis, treatment and legal issues. New York: Praeger.
16.
Stover, E. , & Nightingale, E. (Eds.). (1985). The breaking of bodies and minds. New York: W. H. Freeman.
17.
United Nations . (1975). Declaration on the protection of all persons from torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. New York: Author.
18.
Wren, C. S. (1986, August 17). Salvaging lives after torture. New York Times Magazine, pp. 18-24.
