The effects of race, defined as individual-difference variables, on Black test takers'performance on tests of cognitive ability, knowledge, and skills have not been investigated in the traditional scholarly testing literature. Moreover, the scholarly testing community has been unwilling to consider this alternative conceptualization of race as a viable explanation for differences in test scores among racial groups. I argue that racial individualdifference variables sometimes account for enough variance among Black test takers' scores to explain the Black-White test score disparity.
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