This article develops a framework of analysis for studying institutional approaches to conflict transformation. It draws on E. Haas's model of organizational learning. It argues that the consensus decision rule, third parties (especially the neutral and non-aligned countries, the (N + N)), and non-state actors are important factors in promoting learning and the institutionalization of the CSCE. This has entailed an incremental process of expanding commitments and developing the institutional competency and effectiveness of the CSCE. Non-state actors such as epistemic communities, transnational coalitions and opposition movements play a key role spanning the domestic-international contexts and advancing the `domestication' and effectiveness of the CSCE. Over time, these interactive forces have contributed to the transformation of East-West relations. The conclusions show that the CSCE has moved from its long-range strategy of promoting peaceful change between the blocs, to conflict prevention and crisis management. A number of mechanisms have been developed for these purposes. Whether they are effective remains to be seen.
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